A review on wireless sensor network for water pipeline monitoring applications (original) (raw)
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Leakage from water pipes is posing a serious problem for the water supply industry that has to supply purified water at high cost to the consumers. Water pipes are usually buried underground, the piping distance can be extremely long, and it is not rare that a pipe is used for as long a period as more than forty years. Since the pipes are buried, they are difficult to monitor either visually or by using cameras. Even when a water leak incident is clearly indicated by the difference between the supply and consumption quantities, it is difficult to identify the actual location of the leak. The water leak survey method most often used at present consists of patient work performed by trained human operators, who find the water leaks by detecting sounds by using a special leak detector placed at the ground level. [1] Wireless smart sensor networks are a viable solution for monitoring the condition, in particular the pressure and hence leaks, of buried water pipelines. Their advantage over other commonly used leak detection methods is that they have a degree of redundancy as individual faulty nodes do not render the whole system obsolete and allow for continuous monitoring without operator intervention. Ultra-low power smart wireless sensor networks allow them to stay operational for extended periods of time without maintenance. This makes them now viable for both existing and novel power supplies [2].
Sensors, 2014
Anomalies such as leakage and bursts in water pipelines have severe consequences for the environment and the economy. To ensure the reliability of water pipelines, they must be monitored effectively. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have emerged as an effective technology for monitoring critical infrastructure such as water, oil and gas pipelines. In this paper, we present a scalable design and simulation of a water pipeline leakage monitoring system using Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) and WSN technology. The proposed design targets long-distance aboveground water pipelines that have special considerations for maintenance, energy consumption and cost. The design is based on deploying a group of mobile wireless sensor nodes inside the pipeline and allowing them to work cooperatively according to a prescheduled order. Under this mechanism, only one node is active at a time, while the other nodes are sleeping. The node whose turn is next wakes up according to one of three wakeup techniques: location-based, time-based and interrupt-driven. In this paper, mathematical models are derived for each technique to estimate the corresponding energy consumption and memory size requirements. The proposed equations are analyzed and the results are validated using simulation.
EARNPIPE: A Testbed for Smart Water Pipeline Monitoring Using Wireless Sensor Network
Procedia Computer Science, 2016
Large quantities of water are wasted daily due to leakages in pipelines. In order to decrease this waste and preserve water, advanced systems could be used. In this context, a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is increasingly required to optimize the reliability of the inspection and improve the accuracy of the water pipeline monitoring. A WSN solution is proposed in this paper with a view to detecting and locating leaks for long distance pipelines. It combines powerful leak detection and localization algorithms and an efficient wireless sensor node System on Chip (SoC) architecture. In fact, a novel hybrid Water Pipeline Monitoring (WPM) method has been proposed using Leak detection Predictive Kalman Filter (LPKF) and Modified Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) method based on pressure measurements. The data collected from sensors are filtered, analyzed and compressed with the same Kalman Filter (KF) based algorithm instead of using various algorithms that deeply damage the battery of the node. The local low power pre-processing is efficient to save the power of the sensor nodes. Moreover, a laboratory testbed has been constructed using plumbing components and validated by an ARM-based prototyping platform with pressure sensors.
SmartPipes: Smart Wireless Sensor Networks for Leak Detection in Water Pipelines
Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, 2014
Asset monitoring, specifically infrastructure monitoring such as water distribution pipelines, is becoming increasingly critical for utility owners who face new challenges due to an aging network. In the UK alone, during the period of 2009-2010, approximately 3281 mega litres (10 6) of water were wasted due to failure or leaks in water pipelines. Various techniques can be used for the monitoring of water distribution networks. This paper presents the design, development and testing of a smart wireless sensor network for leak detection in water pipelines, based on the measurement of relative indirect pressure changes in plastic pipes. Power consumption of the sensor nodes is minimised to 2.2 µW based on one measurement every 6 h in order to prolong the lifetime of the network and increase the sensor nodes' compatibility with current levels of power available by energy harvesting methods and long life batteries. A novel pressure sensing method is investigated for its performance and capabilities by both laboratory and field trials. The sensors were capable of measuring pressure changes due to leaks. These pressure profiles can also be used to locate the leaks.
Wireless Sensor Networks for Long Distance Pipeline Monitoring
The main goal of this seminal paper is to introduce the application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in long distance infrastructure monitoring (in particular in pipeline infrastructure monitoring) -one of the on-going research projects by the Wireless Communication Research Group at the department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The current sensor network architectures for monitoring long distance pipeline infrastructures are previewed. These are wired sensor networks, RF wireless sensor networks, integrated wired and wireless sensor networks. The reliability of these architectures is discussed. Three reliability factors are used to compare the architectures in terms of network connectivity, continuity of power supply for the network, and the maintainability of the network. The constraints and challenges of wireless sensor networks for monitoring and protecting long distance pipeline infrastructure are discussed.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2018
One of the key components of the Internet of Things (IoT) is the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). WSN is an effective and efficient technology. It consists of senor nodes; smart devices that allows data collection and pre-processing wirelessly from real world. However, issues related to power consumption and computational performance still persist in classical wireless nodes since power is not always available in application like pipeline monitoring. Moreover, they could not be usually suitable and adequate for this kind of application due to memory shortage and performance constraints. Designing new IoT WSN system that matches the application specific requirements is extremely important. In this paper, we present WiRoTip, a WSN node prototype for water pipeline application. An experimental and a comparative studies have been performed for the different node's components to achieve a final adequate design. 1. INTRODUCTION Internet of Things (IoT) allows us to transform the way of our perception and our interaction with the real world. It would make applications gain more efficiency, harness intelligence and get better accuracy by linking the physical objects to the information network. It offers also a promising solution of various existing industrial systems such as water transportation systems, manufacturing systems, etc [1]. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a major role in this technology as intermediate to shape the physical world to human perception. Nowadays, WSN' applications are getting more and more attention from the industrial and the academic circles [2] [3] [4]. One of the most crucial application of WSN is water pipeline monitoring since worries about potable water have became more and more justified [5]. In that line, many studies have been made to propose solutions for leak detection and location in water pipeline. Most of them are focusing on the software aspect such as leak detection algorithms, communication protocols etc. Few others are targeting the hardware parts such as sensors, WSN platforms, etc [6]. However, the most common concern of WSN is power consumption since it determines the lifespan of the whole application. The battery-powered sensors are responsible for gathering information and detecting leaks in order to react at the appropriate time. Therefore, in addition to energy preservation, enhancing the sensing capabilities by ameliorating the output signal of these sensors and treating their information is quite important when dealing with WSNs.
Pipeline Monitoring System by Using Wireless Sensor Network
2016
This paper describes a sensor network platform for pipeline system monitoring. Pipeline systems are widely used for distribution and transportation of petroleum, natural gas, water, and sewage. Leaks and ruptures due to an aging and fast decaying pipeline system infrastructure cost millions of dollars a year; they also make clear the necessity for continuous, automatic monitoring systems that can provide early detection and early warning of defects, such as corrosion and leaks, before they reach the magnitude of a major disaster.In this paper, we discuss how sensor networks can detect, localize, and quantify bursts, leaks and other anomalies in pipeline systems.Lamb waves are guided ultrasonic waves that can propagate for considerable distances in plates. Research has shown that it is possible to detect flaws over a large area with active sensing devices such as Lead ZirconateTitanate (PZT) for simultaneous actuation and sensing. PZT sensors can be mounted on the curve surface of th...
High-performance Wireless Sensor Node Design for Water Pipeline Monitoring
Water utilities owners are facing critical challenges in repairing and maintaining pipeline infrastructure. Leakages in water pipeline infrastructure cost millions of dollars every year. The need for a reliable, continuous and efficient system for pipeline monitoring becomes crucial. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a very promising technology to detect leaks in an autonomous way. In this paper, we present a WSN system for water pipeline monitoring. A wireless sensor node based on Zynq System on Chip is developed and simulated. A leak detection algorithm based on Kalman filter is also implemented and accelerated using the Zynq platform. The experimental results show that the usage of high-performance platforms is suitable only if the power management techniques are employed or for video applications.
Reliable monitoring of oil and gas pipelines using wireless sensor network (WSN) — REMONG
2014 9th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering (SOSE), 2014
Development in the domain of embedded systems and communication technologies have created an industrial need to automate tasks and to render more control. Rapid advancement in data processing technologies, wireless communication, evolution of Micro-Electromechanical Systems, business intelligence, process planning and control has created a room for improvement in all areas of industrial practices related to oil and gas processing. Reliable monitoring whilst reporting to remote control rooms in a timely manner for oil and gas carrying pipelines creates a bigger challenge due to its lengthy span. In this paper, we investigate and propose an oil and gas pipeline monitoring solution based on wireless sensor networks with reliability focus on leakage sensing and wireless data communication. The system is developed indigenously and provides capability of reporting pipeline health related statistics stretched over large geographical areas.