Isolation and structural analysis of a ribosomal protein gene in D.melanogaster (original) (raw)
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The Drosophila melanogaster ribosomal protein L17A-encoding gene
Gene, 1992
The structure and sequence of the gene encoding the Drosophila melanogaster homolog of the human and yeast largesubunit ribosomal protein L17A (rpL17A) is presented. The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence of 140 residues exhibits 870/, and 77% identity to that of the human (140 aa) and yeast (137 aa) rpL17As, respectively. The D. melanogaster rpLl7A gene is single copy and maps at 58F6-59A3, a chromosome region encompassing a previously characterized Minute locus, h4(2)1. Despite this extensive homology in their protein products, the D. melanogaster and yeast rpLl7A genes display different exon-intron structures, with the first D. melanogaster intron mapping within the 5'-untranslated mRNA leader. The rpLl7A gene gives rise to a single 600-nucleotide transcript present throughout development, and is located close to another similarly expressed gene. The 5' end of the D. melanogaster rpLl7A mRNA contains a polypyrimidine tract displayed by several mammalian rp genes and involved in translational control of their expression.
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-gene Structure and Expression, 1994
We describe the cDNA sequence of the Drosophila homologue of the rat ribosomal protein L18a. The protein sequence predicted has identical or conservatively substituted amino acids in 80% of positions. It is distinctly basic in character with an overall net positive charge of + 20. Analysis of L18a RNA with the Northern blot technique shows it to be expressed both during embryonic development and in the adult fly. In situ hybridisation to polytene chromosomes reveals that the L18a gene(s) is located at 54B on the second chromosome.
The ribosomal protein genes and Minute loci of Drosophila melanogaster
Genome biology, 2007
Mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RPs) have been shown to cause an array of cellular and developmental defects in a variety of organisms. In Drosophila melanogaster, disruption of RP genes can result in the 'Minute' syndrome of dominant, haploinsufficient phenotypes, which include prolonged development, short and thin bristles, and poor fertility and viability. While more than 50 Minute loci have been defined genetically, only 15 have so far been characterized molecularly and shown to correspond to RP genes. We combined bioinformatic and genetic approaches to conduct a systematic analysis of the relationship between RP genes and Minute loci. First, we identified 88 genes encoding 79 different cytoplasmic RPs (CRPs) and 75 genes encoding distinct mitochondrial RPs (MRPs). Interestingly, nine CRP genes are present as duplicates and, while all appear to be functional, one member of each gene pair has relatively limited expression. Next, we defined 65 discrete Minu...
The Drosophila homologue of ribosomal protein L8
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1999
We have cloned the gene encoding the Drosophila melanogaster homologue of ribosomal protein L8. It contains two introns: one in the 5Ј untranslated region and the second in the beginning of the ORF, and encodes a 256-residue protein which is highly conserved when compared with RpL8 proteins of other organisms. The gene is present as a single copy in the Drosophila genome and maps at position 62E6-7 on polytene chromosomes. It is expressed ubiquitously at all stages of development. It is located close to the gene encoding RpL12 and both are candidate targets of the Minute mutation, M(3)LS2, mapped in the region 62E-63A.
The Ribosomes of Drosophila. III. Rna and Protein Homology Between D. Melanogaster and D. Virilis
Genetics, 1976
T i e extent of interspecific homology between D. melanogaster and D. virilis for ribosomal RNA and ribosomal protein was examined using the techniques of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and RNA-DNA filter hybridization. Only 2 of the 71 ribosomal proteins resolved were found to be species specific, while comparisons of soluble larval hemolymph protein patterns showed little similarity. Depending on the technique employed, the sequence homology for 18s + 28s ribosomal RNA was found to be between 83-94%, and sequence homology for 5s rRNA was judged to be complete.
X and Y chromosomal ribosomal DNA of drosophila: comparison of spacers and insertions
Cell, 1978
In Drosophila melanogaster, the genes coding for 18s and 28s ribosomal RNA (rDNA) are clustered at one locus each on the X and the Y chromosomes. We have compared the structure of rDNA at the two loci. The 18s and 28s rRNAs coded by the X and Y chromosomes are very similar and probably identical (Maden and Tartof, 1974). In D. melanogaster, many rDNA repeating units are interrupted in the 28s RNA sequence by a DNA region called the insertion. There are at least two sequence types of insertions. Type 1 insertions include the most abundant 5 kilobase (kb) class and homologous small (0.5 and 1 kb) insertions. Most insertions between 1.5 and 4 kb have no homology to the 5 kb class and are identified as type 2 insertions. In X rDNA, about 49% of all rDNA repeats have type 1 insertions, and another 16% have type 2 insertions. On the Y chromosome, only 16% of all rDNA repeats are interrupted, and most if not all insertions are of type 2. rDNA fragments derived from the X and Y chromosomes have been cloned in E. coli. The homology between the nontranscribed spacers in X and Y rDNA was studied with cloned fragments. Stable heteroduplexes were found which showed that these regions on the two chromosomes are very similar. The evolution of rDNA in D. melanogaster might involve genetic exchange between the X and Y chromosomal clusters with restrictions on the movement of type 1 insertions to the Y chromosome.
Molecular and cellular biology, 1988
We describe a Drosophila DNA clone of tandemly duplicated genes encoding an amino acid sequence nearly identical to human ribosomal protein S14 and yeast rp59. Despite their remarkably similar exons, the locations and sizes of introns differ radically among the Drosophila, human, and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ribosomal protein genes. Transcripts of both Drosophila RPS14 genes were detected in embryonic and adult tissues and are the same length as mammalian S14 message. Drosophila RPS14 was mapped to region 7C5-9 on the X chromosome. This interval also encodes a previously characterized Minute locus, M(1)7C.
Imaginal disc ribosomal proteins of D. melanogaster
MGG Molecular & General Genetics, 1978
The ribosomal proteins from undifferentiated imaginal discs of Drosophila melanogaster were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and compared with the ribosomal protein pattern of adult flies. It is shown that the ribosomal proteins from these discs are qualitatively identical with those of adult flies except that two acidic proteins are missing in the discs. This heterogeneity is discussed in terms of the functional roles these two proteins may carry in connection with disc differentiation.
Complete Sequences of the rRNA Genes of Drosophila melanogaster 1
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1988
In this, the first of three papers, we present the sequence of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of Drosophila melanogaster. The gene regions of D. melanogaster rDNA encode four individual rRNAs: 18s (1,995 nt), 5.8s (123 nt), 2s (30 nt), and 28s (3,945 nt). The ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeat of D. melanogaster is AT rich (65.9% overall), with the spacers being particularly AT rich. Analysis of DNA simplicity reveals that, in contrast to the intergenic spacer (IGS) and the external transcribed spacer (ETS), most of the rRNA gene regions have been refractory to the action of slippage-like events, with the exception of the 28s rRNA gene expansion segments. It would seem that the 28s rRNA can accommodate the products of slippage-like events without loss of activity. In the following two papers we analyze the effects of sequence divergence on the evolution of (1) the 28s gene "expansion segments" and (2) the 28s and 18s rRNA secondary structures among eukaryotic species, respectively. Our detailed analyses reveal, in addition to unequal crossingover, (1) the involvement of slippage and biased mutation in the evolution of the rDNA multigene family and (2) the molecular coevolution of both expansion segments and the nucleotides involved with compensatory changes required to maintain secondary structures of RNA.