Dielectrophoretic Trapping of DNA Origami (original) (raw)
Related papers
Placement and orientation of individual DNA shapes on lithographically patterned surfaces
Nature …, 2009
Artificial DNA nanostructures 1,2 show promise for the organization of functional materials 3,4 to create nanoelectronic 5 or nano-optical devices. DNA origami, in which a long single strand of DNA is folded into a shape using shorter 'staple strands' 6 , can display 6-nm-resolution patterns of binding sites, in principle allowing complex arrangements of carbon nanotubes, silicon nanowires, or quantum dots. However, DNA origami are synthesized in solution and uncontrolled deposition results in random arrangements; this makes it difficult to measure the properties of attached nanodevices or to integrate them with conventionally fabricated microcircuitry. Here we describe the use of electron-beam lithography and dry oxidative etching to create DNA origami-shaped binding sites on technologically useful materials, such as SiO 2 and diamond-like carbon. In buffer with 100 mM MgCl 2 , DNA origami bind with high selectivity and good orientation: 70-95% of sites have individual origami aligned with an angular dispersion (+ + + + +1 s.d.) as low as + + + + +108 8 8 8 8 (on diamond-like carbon) or + + + + +208 8 8 8 8 (on SiO 2 ).
Nature Nanotechnology, 2009
The development of nanoscale electronic and photonic devices will require a combination of the high throughput of lithographic patterning and the high resolution and chemical precision afforded by self-assembly 1-4 . However, the incorporation of nanomaterials with dimensions of less than 10 nm into functional devices has been hindered by the disparity between their size and the 100 nm feature sizes that can be routinely generated by lithography. Biomolecules offer a bridge between the two size regimes, with sub-10 nm dimensions, synthetic flexibility and a capability for self-recognition. Here, we report the directed assembly of 5-nm gold particles into large-area, spatially ordered, two-dimensional arrays through the site-selective deposition of mesoscopic DNA origami 5 onto lithographically patterned substrates 6 and the precise binding of gold nanocrystals to each DNA structure. We show organization with registry both within an individual DNA template and between components on neighbouring DNA origami, expanding the generality of this method towards many types of patterns and sizes.
Selective placement of DNA origami on substrates patterned by nanoimprint lithography
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, 2011
Self-assembled DNA nanostructures can be used as scaffolds to organize small functional nanocomponents. In order to build working devices-electronic circuits, biochips, optical/photonics devices-controlled placement of DNA nanostructures on substrates must be achieved. Here we present a nanoimprint lithography-based process to create chemically patterned templates, rendering them capable of selectively binding DNA origami. Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) is used as a passivating layer on silicon dioxide substrates, which prevents DNA attachment. Hydrophilic areas, patterned by nanoimprint lithography with the same size and shape of the origami, are formed by selective removal of the HMDS, enabling the assembly of the origami scaffolds in the patterned areas. The use of nanoimprint lithography, a low cost, high throughput patterning technique, enables high precision positioning and orientation of DNA nanostructures on a surface over large areas.
DNA Origami Structures, Technology, and Applications
DNA origami refers to the technique of assembling single-stranded DNA template molecules into target two- and three-dimensional shapes at the nanoscale. This is accomplished by annealing templates with hundreds of DNA strands and then binding them through the specific base-pairing of complementary bases. The inherent properties of these DNA molecules—molecular recognition, self-assembly, programmability, and structural predictability—has given rise to intriguing applications from drug delivery systems to uses in circuitry in plasmonic devices. The first book to examine this important subfield, DNA Origami brings together leading experts from all fields to explain the current state and future directions of this cutting-edge avenue of study. The book begins by providing a detailed examination of structural design and assembly systems and their applications. As DNA origami technology is growing in popularity in the disciplines of chemistry, materials science, physics, biophysics, biology, and medicine, interdisciplinary studies are classified and discussed in detail. In particular, the book focuses on DNA origami used for creating new functional materials (combining chemistry and materials science; DNA origami for single-molecule analysis and measurements (as applied in physics and biophysics); and DNA origami for biological detection, diagnosis and therapeutics (medical and biological applications). DNA Origami readers will also find: A complete guide for newcomers that brings together fundamental and developmental aspects of DNA origami technology Contributions by a leading team of experts that bring expert views from different angles of the structural developments and applications of DNA origami An emerging and impactful research topic that will be of interest in numerous multidisciplinary areas A helpful list of references provided at the end of each chapter to give avenues for further study Given the wide scope found in this groundbreaking work, DNA Origami is a perfect resource for nanotechnologists, biologists, biophysicists, chemists, materials scientists, medical scientists, and pharmaceutical researchers.
Fabrication of DNA nanotubes using origami-based nanostructures with sticky ends
Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, 2015
Described here is a simplified method for fabrication of DNA nanotubes using a minimum numbers of staple oligomers for DNA origami. For this purpose, the cylindrical nanotemplates with two sticky ends have been designed using caDNAno software. Then, the nanostructures were shaped in an optimized experimental condition via an origami-based self-assembly reaction. Finally, the produced nanostructures were joined together through their sticky ends using a ligase enzyme. Transmission electron microscope confirmed fabrication of these elongated nanotubes. In addition, high-resolution microscopy of DNA nanotubes by scanning tunnelling microscope indicated efficient attachments of the primarily DNA nanostructures via their sticky ends. The results demonstrated that a ligase treatment of cylindrical DNA nanostructures with the sticky ends made DNA nanotubes with standard shapes using minimum numbers of staples.
Self-assembly of carbon nanotubes into two-dimensional geometries using DNA origami templates
Nature Nanotechnology, 2010
A central challenge in nanotechnology is the parallel fabrication of complex geometries for nanodevices. Here we report a general method for arranging single-walled carbon nanotubes in two dimensions using DNA origami-a technique in which a long single strand of DNA is folded into a predetermined shape. We synthesize rectangular origami templates (75 nm 3 95 nm) that display two lines of single-stranded DNA 'hooks' in a cross pattern with 6 nm resolution. The perpendicular lines of hooks serve as sequence-specific binding sites for two types of nanotubes, each functionalized noncovalently with a distinct DNA linker molecule. The hook-binding domain of each linker is protected to ensure efficient hybridization. When origami templates and DNA-functionalized nanotubes are mixed, strand displacement-mediated deprotection and binding aligns the nanotubes into cross-junctions. Of several cross-junctions synthesized by this method, one demonstrated stable field-effect transistor-like behaviour. In such organizations of electronic components, DNA origami serves as a programmable nanobreadboard; thus, DNA origami may allow the rapid prototyping of complex nanotube-based structures.
Light‐Responsive Dynamic DNA‐Origami‐Based Plasmonic Assemblies
Angewandte Chemie, 2021
DNA nanotechnology offers a versatile toolbox for precise spatial and temporal manipulation of matter on the nanoscale. However, rendering DNA-based systems responsive to light has remained challenging. Herein, we describe the remote manipulation of native (non-photoresponsive) chiral plasmonic molecules (CPMs) using light. Our strategy is based on the use of a photoresponsive medium comprising a merocyanine-based photoacid. Upon exposure to visible light, the medium decreases its pH, inducing the formation of DNA triplex links, leading to a spatial reconfiguration of the CPMs. The process can be reversed simply by turning the light off and it can be repeated for multiple cycles. The degree of the overall chirality change in an ensemble of CPMs depends on the CPM fraction undergoing reconfiguration, which, remarkably, depends on and can be tuned by the intensity of incident light. Such a dynamic, remotely controlled system could aid in further advancing DNA-based devices and nanomaterials. DNA nanotechnology utilizes the specificity and programmability of Watson-Crick base pairing for assembling DNA molecules into complex structures. [1] In particular, the DNA origami technique provides a versatile approach for fabricating almost arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional nanoarchitectures with high precision and yields. [2, 3] Recently, DNA-origami-based fabrication has evolved toward realizing devices that can undergo a controlled structural reconfiguration. [4] Such dynamic devices hold great promise for use in drug delivery, [5] sensing, [6-8] nanophotonics, [9-11] nanorobotics, [12, 13] and more. Controlled actuation of DNA-origami
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The exceptional self-assembly properties of DNA, which are based on simple base-paring rules, make it a very promising construction material in the nanoworld. The development of the DNA-origami technique, which is based on the folding of long single-stranded DNA with the help of hundreds of short oligonucleotides (so-called staple strands), opened new routes to relatively simple and fast fabrication of two-and three-dimensional nanostructures of exceptional complexity. Since individual staple strands can be readily modifi ed with various functional groups, the DNA-origami structure can be used as a template for the organization of different materials, for example, proteins, metal nanoparticles, virus capsids, and carbon nanotubes, with nanometer-scale accuracy that is often not achievable with other state-of-the-art nanofabrication techniques. In other words, one can use the origami structure like a nanoscale electronic breadboard, in which a variety of (functional) components could be attached with nanometer resolution. Methods for the combination of such "nanobreadboards" with top-down fabrication approaches have been recently proposed. In addition, DNA-origami structures were used to assemble tracks for molecular walkers, [ 20 , 21 ] to follow chemical reactions on a single-molecule level, and to construct rulers for super-resolution microscopy. It is possible to fabricate DNA-origami templates with sizes up to a few micrometers. So far, origami templates have been mostly used for the assembly of objects that are round rather than elongated, for example, metal particles or proteins. However, in order to realize the full potential of DNA origami as a "nanobreadboard", methods for controlled positioning of more complex objects, such as nanowires, should
DNA origami: a quantum leap for self-assembly of complex structures
Chemical Society Reviews, 2011
The spatially controlled positioning of functional materials by self-assembly is one of the fundamental visions of nanotechnology. Major steps towards this goal have been achieved using DNA as a programmable building block. This tutorial review will focus on one of the most promising methods: DNA origami. The basic design principles, organization of a variety of functional materials and recent implementation of DNA robotics are discussed together with future challenges and opportunities. † Part of a themed issue on the advances in DNA-based nanotechnology.