Antimicrobial activity of some Sri Lankan Rubiaceae and Meliaceae (original) (raw)
Related papers
Antimicrobial screening of different extracts of South Indian medicinal plants of meliaceae
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011
Members of Meliaceae are widely used by different tribal communities in South India for the treatment of many bacterial and fungal diseases. In this context, antimicrobial potential of aqueous and alcoholic soxhlet extracts of leaf, stem/bark and root of Azadirachta indica, Naregamia alata and Swietenia mahagoni against five bacterial strains was studied to validate the ethno therapeutic claims of these plants against different bacterial diseases. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the plants showed significant antibacterial activity against all the organisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) (mg/ml) of the alcoholic and aqueous extracts were also determined. The antibacterial potential of the plants were then compared with Benzyl Penicillin and Amphicillin, two common antibiotics employed in allopathic treatment of bacterial diseases. The alcoholic extracts of plants proved to be more effective than the aqueous extracts due to broad spectrum antibiotic compounds. The good antibacterial potency of the plants indicates the presence of some active principle in the phytoextracts, which can be purified and employed in the treatment of bacterial diseases as an alternative to the costly antibiotics.
Antimicrobial activity of some Indian medicinal plants
African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM / African Networks on Ethnomedicines, 2007
The antimicrobial potential of seventy-seven extracts from twenty-four plants was screened against eight bacteria and four pathogenic fungi, using microbroth dilution assay. Lowest concentration of the extract, which inhibits any visual microbial growth after treatment with p-iodonitrotetrazolium violet, was considered to be minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Water extracts of Acacia nilotica, Justicia zelanica, Lantana camara and Saraca asoca exhibited good activity against all the bacteria tested and the MIC was recorded in range of 9.375-37.5 microg/ml and 75.0-300.0 microg/ml against the bacterial and fungal pathogens, respectively. The other extracts of Phyllanthus urinaria, Thevetia nerifolia, Jatropha gossypifolia Saraca asoca, Tamarindus indica, Aegle marmelos, Acacia nilotica, Chlorophytum borivilianum, Mangifera indica, Woodfordia fruticosa and Phyllanthus emblica showed antimicrobial activity in a range of 75-1200 microg/ml.
Antibacterial activity of water extracts different parts of Morinda citrifolia grown in Sri Lanka
International journal of scientific and research publications, 2016
This study examined the antibacterial potential of water extracts of different parts of Morinda citrifolia (Family: Rubiacae) plants which is used/indicated in Sri Lankan traditional and folk medicine to wash old cutaneous wounds, cuts, abrasion, rashes, bruises or burns, and as a throat gargle. This was tested in triplicate, in vitro, using agar disc diffusion bio assay against Gram positive human pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Gram negative bacteria , Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218). Concentration of water extracts tested were 500,750 and 1000 μg/disk. Gentamicin (10 μg/disk) was used as the positive control. The results showed that none of the extracts (roots, fruits, flower, stem bark or combination of these parts) was effective against E. coli whilst fruit (diameter of inhibition zone 2.93 ±0.03mm), stem bark (5.1 ±0.03mm) and combined extract (9.46 ± 0.03mm) exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The reference drug, Gentamicine induced a...
Antibacterial activity of water extracts of different parts of Morinda citrifolia grown in Sri Lanka
This study examined the antibacterial potential of water extracts of different parts of Morinda citrifolia (Family: Rubiacae) plants which is used/indicated in Sri Lankan traditional and folk medicine to wash old cutaneous wounds, cuts, abrasion, rashes, bruises or burns, and as a throat gargle.This was tested in triplicate, in vitro, using agar disc diffusion bio assay against Gram positive human pathogenic bacteria,Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Gram negative bacteria , Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218). Concentration ofwater extracts tested were 500,750 and 1000 µg/disk. Gentamicin(10 µg/disk) was used as the positive control. The results showed that none of the extracts (roots, fruits, flower, stem bark or combination of these parts) was effective against E. coli whilst fruit (diameter of inhibition zone 2.93 ±0.03mm), stem bark (5.1±0.03mm) and combined extract (9.46 ± 0.03mm) exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The reference drug,Gentamicine induced an inhibition zone of 13.98 ±0.04mm against S. aureus and 15.02 ±0.03 mm against E. coli. It is conducted that water extracts of different parts of M. citrifolia plant has mild to moderate antibacterial activity against S.aureus, a commonly encountered pathogen in cutaneous wounds.In addition, the results justify its use in Sri Lankan ethnomedicine as a topical cleaning agent for infected skin wounds.
Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants of Sri Lanka
Journal of The National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 1998
101 Plant extracts from 55 plants were screened for antibacterial activity against StaphyLococcus aureus, Esclzericltia coli, and M,ycobacteritrnr fortuittrm. Hortonia an.gustifolia (root) showed very high activity against Mycobacteriunt fortuituna ; Artentisia dubia (leaf), Celtis ciitizantomea (stem), Curcuni,~ Longn (tuber), Lobelia aronaatica (leaf), Ocimunz gratissinz.ccnt (aerial part), Pinz,enta officinalis (stem bark), Thespesiapopc~lizea(stem), Ule.z:ectropaeus (whole plant) showed significant activity against a t least one of the above organisms.
International Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2018
Many members of the Labiatae family are used in traditional and folk medicine and also used as culinary and ornamental plants. Leaves are the most used plants parts of this family. Ethanolic extract of the leaves, stem, seeds of Leucas zeylanica, Ocimum canum, Ocimum sanctum and leaves of Mentha arvensis, Ocimum basilicum were subjected to phytochemical screening and antifungal assays against Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Trichoderma sp., Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp. was determined by using the agar streaking assay method after 48 and 72 hours of incubation. All parts of the plants were found to contain flavonoid/s and alkaloid/s except for the absence of alkaloids in seeds of L. zeylanica and stem of O. sanctum respectively. Tannins were present in all parts of plants such as L. zeylanica, O. canum, M. arvensis and absent in O. sanctum and O. basilicum. Phlobatannins were only present in leaves of L. zeylanica and saponins were present only in leaves of O. basilicum. The leaves of L. zeylanica, O. basilicum, M. arvensis, O. sanctum and seeds of O. sanctum and O. canum showed the presence of steroids. Terpenoids were present in all parts of O. sanctum and O. canum than the other plants. The cardiac glycosides were present in all parts of O. sanctum than the other plants tested. Leaves of O. sanctum and M. arvensis exhibited strong positive antifungal activity against Aspergillus sp. Leaves of O. canum, O. basilicum and M. arvensis and stem of O. canum showed strong positive activity against Mucor sp. L. zeylanica only exhibited the antifungal activity against Mucor sp. Penicillium sp. was inhibited by the leaves and seeds extracts of O. sanctum. Degree of activity was low in L. zeylanica compared with other plant extracts. Most of these plant parts did not show any activity against Trichoderma sp. and Rhizopus sp. This study revealed that the antifungal activity of leaves of these plants was high than other plant parts against tested fungi.
South African Journal of Botany, 2020
Species of the family Meliaceae in traditional medicine are well documented. This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy and toxicity of aqueous, methanolic and dichloromethane leaf and bark extracts of South African Meliaceae against selected pathogens. The species sampled represent four of the seven indigenous genera and seven of the 14 indigenous species. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the micro-plate dilution assay and the toxicity potential was determined using the brine shrimp lethality assay. About 69% of the extracts investigated showed moderate (0.25-0.50 mg/ml) activities against the oral pathogens (Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25,175 and Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25,586) tested. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. mutans was recorded as the most susceptible pathogens to the extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts from Ekebergia pterophylla, Nymania capensis and Turraea obtusifolia (here documented for the first time) demonstrated varied activity depending on the pathogen. The aqueous extracts showed no antimicrobial activity with some exceptions against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25,175), where Ekebergia capensis and Trichilia dregeana exhibited noteworthy activity (0.13 mg/ml). In the brine shrimp assay, all DCM extracts of the studied parts of the plant species demonstrated minimal to no toxicity levels. The results obtained have lent credence to folkloric usage of some of the South African species of Meliaceae for anti-infective purposes including traditional uses against oral pathogens.
Global Research Online, 2024
Aim: Rubiaceae is the largest family which comprises of various medicinal plants which has numerous phytopharmacological properties. The aim of the research is to analyse the secondary metabolites, antioxidant, and antibacterial effectiveness of several leaf extracts of Psychotria bisulcata. Materials and Methods: The leaf powder has been extracted with five solvents and analysed for phyto components and radical scavenging activities with standard protocols. Three strains of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtili, Streptococcus pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were inhibited by well diffusion method. Results: The preliminary phytochemical evaluation indicated the presence of abundant secondary compounds likely glycosides, flavono glycosides carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, phytosterols, alkaloids, tannins, phenols and flavonoids in addition the absence of gums & mucilages, fixed oils & fats. The major phytochemicals were quantitatively analysed, with higher results in the ethanolic extract. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using two methods: DPPH and the Reducing Power assay, with the ethanolic extract demonstrating the maximum radical scavenging activity. The antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract exhibits a better inhibition zone when compared to other extracts. Conclusion: The study confirmed that the plant has various secondary metabolites, better radical scavenging activity and anti-bacterial activity which can be utilized by the pharmaceutical industries.
Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial study on the leaves of Morinda lucida (Rubiaceae)
An ethno-medicinal study was conducted through the means of an informal interview with an herbalist at Akim-Tafo, in the Eastern region of Ghana. Preliminary phytochemical tests carried out on the leaves of Morindalucida indicated the presence of saponins, anthraquinones, cardenolides, alkaloids, sterols and tannins. ThinLayer Chromatography and Column Chromatography method were used in the laboratory for the analysis of acrude extract from Morinda lucida. A total of nine components were isolated from Morinda lucida using asolvent system containing hexane and ethyl acetate (2:1) as the mobile phase and a stationary phase of silica gel.The crude leaf extract of Morinda lucida was investigated for inhibitory activity on Salmonella typhi,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro using the agar well diffusion method. Morindalucida showed inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with no activityagainst Salmonella typhi at a concentratio...