Limnophila Conferta (Scrophulariaceae): A review on chemical and medicinal importance (original) (raw)
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Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects of Limnophila aromatica (Scrophulariaceae): An Overview
American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics (AJPCT), 2014
The present work offers a review addressing the chemistry and pharmacology of Limnophila aromatica (Lamk.) Merr. (Belonging to Scrophulariaceae family) regarded as one of the most significant plant species in traditional system of medicine and is established as a source of flavonoids, terpenoids etc. The isolated phytochemicals as well as different extracts exhibited significant biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, vascular protective activities. Exhaustive research regarding isolation of more phytochemicals and pharmacology study on this medicinal plant is still necessary so as to explore the plant regarding its medicinal importance. Therefore, the aim of this review is to boost up present day researchers in this direction to undertake further investigation of this plant for searching new drugs. The present review covers literature up to January 2014 and enlists 24 references.
Limnophila rugosa Roth. (Merr) (Scrophulariaceae) is used as a botanical source of Bhringaraja by the traditional practitioners of Balangir and Baragarh district of Odisha. The present study was carried out to screen the preliminary phytochemical constituents of ethanol & aqueous extracts of the whole parts of L. rugosa including High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography. The extracts were subjected to various chemical tests in order to identify the main phytoconstituents of the plant. The study revealed that the ethanol extract contains glycosides, little amount of alkaloids and flavonoids where as the aqueous extract is rich in glycosides.
Limnophila rugosa Roth. (Merr.) (Scrophulariaceae), an ethno medicinal plant, is used as Bhringaraja by traditional practioners of Odisha. In the present study the leaves of L. rugosa were characterized for its physico-chemical properties and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, following standard procedures. The ethanol & aqueous extracts were subjected to various chemical tests and different types of functional groups like alkaloid, tannin, triterpenoids (Steroid), flavonoid, and phenols were detected. In Chromatography, HPTLC method, at different R f, 16 spots were detected under both long and short UV. The results, being reported could be useful in the identification and standardization of the crude drug.
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019
Limnophila indica L. (Druce) is being estimated for the essential oil composition, in-vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and insect antifeeding activity of this plant was evaluated. The GC-MS analysis led to identification of thirty-five compounds comprising of 90.9% of total oil composition. The major compound of the oil identified was epi-cyclocolorenone (27.7%). The oil was screened for antioxidant activity using reducing power assay, metal chelating of Fe assay, NO and DPPH radical scavenging assay with IC50 21.19±0.06, 22.77±0.11, 15.74±0.06 and 14.52±0.05 μg/ml respectively. In-vitro antiinflammatory activity assessment of the essential oil results in its activity with IC50 19.28±0.06 μg/ml. And also showed potent insect antifeeding action in a sequentially dose dependent manner against Spilosoma obliqua.
Bhringaraj is one of the potent Rasayana drug in the classical texts of Ayurveda. Ayurvedic lexicon (Rajnighantu) considered three varieties of Bhringaraja i.e. Sweta, pitta and Neela. Among, this Neela variety is considered as best one. The botanical identity of Sweta and Pitta is considered as Eclipt aalba and Wedelia chinesis respectively. Till, now botanical identity Neela Bhringaraj is lacking. The traditional practitioners and tribal people of surrounding area of Gandhamardan hill region of Odisha used a plant, Limnophila rugosa (Roth.) Merr. of family Scrophulariaeae, with blue colour flower, in the name of Bhringaraj. The present work offers a review addressing the pharmacognosy, pharmacology, and phytochemistry of Limnophila rugosa (Roth) Merr. (belonging to Scrophulariaceae family) regarded as one of the most significant plant species in traditional system of medicine. The plant is used in the treatment of various ailments like pestilent fever, elephantiasis, diarrhoea, dysentery, dyspepsia etc. and is a diverse kind of chemical constituents such as phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, amino acids etc. The isolated phytochemicals as well as different extracts exhibited significant biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hypotensive and effects on Guinea-pig ileum. Exhaustive research regarding isolation of more phytochemicals and pharmacology study on this medicinal plant is still necessary so as to explore the plant regarding its medicinal importance. Therefore, the aim of this review is to boost up the present day researchers in this direction to undertake further investigation of this plant. The present review covers floras, websites, databases, journals and classical texts for gathering of information on different aspects on Limnophila rugosa (Roth.) Merr.
Chemical and pharmacological aspects of Limnophila rugosa: An update
The present work offers a review addressing the chemistry and pharmacology of Limnophila rugosa (Roth) Merr. (belonging to Scrophulariaceae family) regarded as one of the most significant plant species in traditional system of medicine. The plant is used in the treatment of various ailments like pestilent fever, elephantiasis, diarrhoea, dysentery, dyspepsia etc. and is a diverse kind of chemical constituents such as phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, amino acids etc. The isolated phytochemicals as well as different extracts exhibited significant biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hypotensive and effect on Guinea-pig ileum. Exhaustive research regarding isolation of more phytochemicals and pharmacology study on this medicinal plant is still necessary so as to explore the plant regarding its medicinal importance. Therefore, the aim of this review is to boost up present day researchers in this direction to undertake further investigation of this ...
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2019
Present research was undertaken to investigate the chemical composition, total phenolics assay, in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and insect antifeeding activity in chloroform extract of Limnophila indica (L.) Druce. GC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of 4,5-Dimethyl-1,2,3,6,7,8,8a,8boctahydrobiphenylene (18.3%) as a major compound. Total phenolic content, flavanoid content and orthodihydric phenol in the extract were 150.55±0.33 mg/g GAE, 40.72±0.69 mg/g CNE and 56.66±0.93 mg/g CLE, respectively. In-vitro antioxidant activity estimation through NO radical scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity of Fe and reducing power activity of Fe to Fe resulted its potential result with IC50 values of 35.85±3.12, 28.52±1.32, 49.29±0.15 and 39.17±0.65 respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity determined using inhibition of protein denaturation method and extract showed significant activity (IB50=27.96±1.14). Chloroform extract of L. indica at the ...
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2013
Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the Limnophila heterophylla (Roxb.) Benth. whole plant methanol extract against four pathogenic bacterial strains two Gram positive (B. subtilis & S. aureus), two Gram negative (E. coli and K. pneumonia) and two fungal strains (S. flavus & C. albicans) in different concentrations (5μg/ml, 25μg/ml, 50μg/ml, 100μg/ml, 250μg/ml), were evaluated following standard procedure. A zone of inhibition of extract was compared with that of different standards like Streptomycin, Cefpodoxime and Gentamycin for antibacterial activity, Amphotericin B, Fluconazole and Clotrimazole for antifungal activity. The extract showed remarkable inhibition of antibacterial and antifungal activities comparable with that of standard against the organisms tested.
Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Limnophila repens (Benth.)
Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2020
Amaç: Limnophila repens (MELR) metanol ekstresinin analjezik ve anti-enflamatuvar etkileri 200 ve 400 mg/kg dozda değerlendirildi. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Karagenin ile indüklenen pence ödeminde MELR'nin anti-enflamatuvar etkisi araştırıldı ve analjezik aktivite merkezi ve periferik modellerle değerlendirildi. Bulgular: MELR, farklı dozlarda (200 ve 400 mg/kg) güçlü analjezik ve anti-enflamatuvar etki göstermiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, Limnophila'nın hem analjezik hem de anti-enflamatuvar olarak kullanımını doğrulamıştır. Güçlü anti-enflamatuvar ve analjezik etkilerden anabolik steroidlerin (β-sitosterol ve stigmasterol gibi); flavonoidlerin (kuersetin ve glikozitler gibi) sorumlu olabileceği değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmaya dayanarak Limnophila repens'in analjezik ve anti-enflamatuvar aktiviteye sahip olduğu sonucuna varabiliriz. Bununla birlikte, organik çalışmalara ek olarak, antinosiseptif ve anti-enflamatuvar etkilerden sorumlu ekstra enerjik kimyasalları değerlendirmek için ek fitokimyasallar gereklidir. Anahtar kelimeler: Limnophila repens, karagenin, fitokimyasal tarama, β-sitosterol Objectives: The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract of Limnophila repens (MELR) were assessed at 200 and 400 mg/kg. Materials and Methods: In carrageenan-mediated paw edema, the anti-inflammatory effect of MELR was investigated and analgesic activity was assessed by central and peripheral models Results: MELR had strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects at different dosages (200 and 400 mg/kg). The study results confirmed the use of Limnophila as both an analgesic and anti-inflammatory. The strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects can be caused by anabolic steroids, i.e. β-sitosterol and stigmasterol; and flavonoids, i.e. quercetin and glycosides, in the extraction of some kind of inflamed arbitrators. Conclusion: Based on the study, we can conclude that Limnophila repens had analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. In addition to organic studies, however, additional phytochemicals are required to evaluate the extra energetic chemicals responsible for the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects.
Chemical and pharmacological aspects of Limnophila geoffrayi: An update
The present work offers a review addressing the chemistry and pharmacology of Limnophila geoffrayi Bonati (belonging to Scrophulariaceae family) regarded as one of the most significant plant species in traditional system of medicine. The plant is used traditionally as an antipyretic, expectorant, lactogogue and to prepare a decoction as antidote for detoxification of poisons. Few phytochemical studies have been done so far on this plant. Thirteen chemical constituents have been reported from this plant and crude plant extracts as well as pure phytochemicals are reported to exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Exhaustive research regarding isolation of more phytochemicals and pharmacology study on this medicinal plant is still necessary so as to explore the plant regarding its medicinal importance. Therefore, the aim of this review is to boost up present day researchers in this direction to undertake further investigation on this plant to find new ‘lead molecule’ in the ongoing drug discovery programme. The present review covers literature up to August 2014.