„TURKISH BATHS“ IN SERBIA–THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONS IN FORM AND FUNCTION ON THEIR FUTURE PRESERVATION (original) (raw)

Contribution to the study of public buildings of ottoman architecture in Southern and Eastern Serbia

Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2021

The paper presents buildings from the period of Ottoman domination in southern and eastern Serbia. The paper first presents the architectural analysis of the buildings in question. The historical context of their construction, their original function and the social role they had when they were created are also considered. A special emphasis was placed on the analysis of the current state of preservation of these buildings, their new functions and the role they play in society today.

Architectural features of Ottoman buildings in Balkan Area during Early Ottoman Period

Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakif University, 2019

For half a millennium much of Southeast Europe was an integral part of the Islamic world and shared fully in its political economic and cultural life. Balkan cities were among the largest of the Muslim Empire, and some of the most important owe their very existence to the active urbanization policy of that state: the Empire of the Ottoman. Ottoman architecture came into being in a land with no tradition of Islamic culture, therefore the contribution of Ottoman Empire in Balkan Islamic Built environment is vital. Most of mosques in Balkan area are demolished due to several factors such as natural earthquakes, ideological or political reasons and are not reconstructed back. Some others have changed the function several times through the history and some others have remain in their original function. The aim of this study is to identify the selected mosques architectural features built in Balkan during the early Period of Ottoman Empire and to analyse their current architectural state after restorations took place. This study includes a total of 10 mosques located in 5 countries (Albania, Bosna, Kosovo, Macedonia, and Hungary) built between the years 1400-1500. These mosques vary in the degree of preservation. Some of them have had several restorations and still function as mosques, some are left abounded, and some others are turned into churches. For understanding the early Ottoman architectural language and how the preservation work took place, this research employs a historical and analytical approach analysis. At the end of this paper, recommendations are highlighted in order to increase the awareness of Ottoman Heritage in Balkans and its preservation for future use. Keywords: Ottoman Early period, Balkan mosques, Ottoman Architecture, preservation, Architectural Features

An Overview of an Artistic Traditional Ottoman Buildings at Turkey and Balkans

2013

As well as the historical buildings in many regions of Anatolia in Turkey, there aremany buildings, built during Ottoman era in Balkans and these buildings reflect thetraditional architecture characteristics of the Balkans. All of these buildings both inTurkey and Balkans represent the cultural heritage of various time zones. Theywere affected badly and destroyed by the natural or human made effects such as anearthquake, fire, climate conditions, false restoration or rapid urbanization. Someof them were destroyed completely. Increasing the awareness of the importance ofthese historical buildings will increase the protection and restoration of thesebuildings.Architectural and decorative characteristics of these historical buildings made ofwood and brick in the street with Albanian cobblestone which is specific name forcobblestone in Turkey, were examined in the content of this study. It is aimed tocontribute information for the next studies which are dealing with the historicalbuildi...

THE STATE OF OTTOMAN ARCHITECTURE IN MACEDONIA AND LATEST RESEARCH

In this paper, we will discuss our project, entitled as " Ottoman Monuments in Macedonia " , supported by Scientific Research Projects of MSGSU. This field work Project we undertook in the months of Julyand September 2014. Many structures were identified as a result of field work. We have gathered many data in this field work that will be presented with an assessment over all. In this context, we will study Ottoman Monuments previously listed as an inventory work by the Macedonian State Ministry of Culture in 1991. In this Project we verified the list of Ottoman structures in Macedonia taken from the Macedonian State Ministry of Culture. Also we found recently identified Ottoman structures which are not in this list. Also the structures in this list which are in existentor repairs performed will be discussed. Emergency repairs, maintenances tageand their latest state of the structures will be examined. Ottoman monuments that stil preserve the original characteristics of these structures will be highlighted. Ottoman structures that we have identified will be informed with their over all architectural features.

The Turkish Baths in Elbasan: Architecture, Geometry and Wellbeing

Nexus Network Journal, 2008

The two Turkish baths in Elbasan have been object of a remarkable survey as part of a vast international research. The original system of the two public baths dates back to the mid-sixteenth century. In the Albanian typology of the hammam, the various environments of increasing temperatures are located along a longitudinal axis ending in the cistern area where the boiler is located. The Albanian baths reveal their Ottoman roots in the complex concept of the vaulted structures. Different types of vaults in a same space are placed side by side in order to realize more complex compositions; the inner surfaces of the vaults are embellished by elaborate decorations that resemble stalactites. The complexity of the plan and the decorations reveal a rigorous geometric pattern that dominates the space and underlies its composition. All seems the product of a centuries-old wisdom where each element contributes to a complex system aimed at comfort and pleasure of the human being.

The hamam of Kyparissia, western Messinia: an unknown Ottoman bath and its structure within the frame of local Ottoman architecture and topography, "Against Gravity - Bulding Practices in the Pre-Industrial World", Philadelphia, 20-22 March 2015

The hamam of Kyparissia at western Messinia, is mentioned by the Turkish traveler Evlija Çelebi (1668), but its position remained unknown since it was not depicted in the engravings or located in the field survey. It came to light only after the demolition of an old house and the excavation of the site. It has the simple form of a typical Ottoman bath, consisting of the main vaulted spaces and the cistern, dated in all probability between the end of the 16th and the first half of the 17th century. In the present paper we attempt to remodel the construction, identify the spatial uses, define the structural parts. Also, we aim to relate it with the equally disregarded remnants of Ottoman architecture in Kyparissia and the Ottoman baths that are preserved in the castle of Methoni, in the wide area of Messinia.