Calcium Sulfate and Platelet-Rich Plasma make a novel osteoinductive biomaterial for bone regeneration (original) (raw)
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Platelet Concentrates: A New Alternative to Bone Regeneration
International Journal of Experimental Dental Science, 2013
Platelets significantly promote soft and hard tissue healing owing to the abundance of growth factors present in them. These growth factors enhance the rate of wound healing by aiding in cell proliferation, differentiation, chemotaxis and angiogenesis. Thus using platelet concentrates is a simple way of enriching a natural blood clot with growth factors. The objective of this review article is to discuss the evolution of different platelet concentrates and their clinical implications. How to cite this article Chhabra S, Chhabra N, Vaid P. Platelet Concentrates: A New Alternative to Bone Regeneration. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2013;2(2):118-121.
Platelet-Rich Plasma in Bone Regeneration: Engineering the Delivery for Improved Clinical Efficacy
BioMed Research International, 2014
Human bone is a tissue with a fairly remarkable inherent capacity for regeneration; however, this regenerative capacity has its limitations, and defects larger than a critical size lack the ability to spontaneously heal. As such, the development and clinical translation of effective bone regeneration modalities are paramount. One regenerative medicine approach that is beginning to gain momentum in the clinical setting is the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). PRP therapy is essentially a method for concentrating platelets and their intrinsic growth factors to stimulate and accelerate a healing response. While PRP has shown some efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo scenarios, to date its use and delivery have not been optimized for bone regeneration. Issues remain with the effective delivery of the platelet-derived growth factors to a localized site of injury, the activation and temporal release of the growth factors, and the rate of growth factor clearance. This review will briefly describe the physiological principles behind PRP use and then discuss how engineering its method of delivery may ultimately impact its ability to successfully translate to widespread clinical use.
Applied Sciences, 2021
This study aimed to investigate the effect of combining an innovative bioceramic α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-CSH, CaSO4⋅0.5H2O) bone graft and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to accelerate bone healing and regeneration in a rabbit model. The bone graft material was implanted bilaterally on rabbit’s artificially maxillary sinus defects: the right maxillary sinus received α-CSH, while α-CSH combine with PRP (α-CSH/PRP) was grafted in left site. The quantity and quality of bone formation after implantation were analyzed radiographically and histologically at 1, 2, and 3 weeks. The micro-computed tomographic results indicated that the bone density of sinus implanted with α-CSH increased and defect volume decreased most after 2 weeks. In histological analysis, both hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining of α-CSH/PRP displays better bone healing and regeneration progress than α-CSH after 2 weeks implantation. Therefore, the innovative α-CSH combined with PRP was revealed to b...
Bone regenerative properties of rat, goat and human platelet-rich plasma
International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2009
To explore the reported contradictory osteogenic capacity of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), the aim of the study was to examine and compare the bone regenerative effect of: PRPs of different species (rat, goat, human); human bone graft (HB) vs. HB combined with human PRP (HB+hPRP); and HB+hPRP vs. synthetic hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate bone substitute combined with hPRP (HA/TCP+hPRP). For this purpose, 72 implants, divided into 6 groups (n=6) were inserted in critical-sized defects of immunodeficient rats. After 2 and 4 weeks, descriptive and quantitative histological, and micro-CT analyses were performed on the specimens. Rat and goat PRP combined with HA/TCP did not enhance bone regeneration compared with HA/TCP. In contrast, human PRP combined with HA/TCP resulted in significantly increased bone fill compared to HA/TCP. The addition of human PRP to human bone graft increased significantly the amount of newly formed bone after 2 weeks. HB+hPRP demonstrated enhanced bone healin...
Use of platelet lysate for bone regeneration - are we ready for clinical translation?
World Journal of Stem Cells, 2016
Current techniques to improve bone regeneration following trauma or tumour resection involve the use of autograft bone or its substitutes supplemented with osteoinductive growth factors and/or osteogenic cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Although MSCs are most commonly grown in media containing fetal calf serum, human platelet lysate (PL) offers an effective alternative. Bone marrow-derived MSCs grown in PLcontaining media display faster proliferation whilst maintaining good osteogenic differentiation capacity. Limited pre-clinical investigations using PL-expanded MSCs seeded onto osteoconductive scaffolds indicate good potential of such constructs to repair bone in vivo. In an alternative approach, nude PL-coated scaffolds without seeded MSCs have been proposed as novel regenerative medicine devices. Even though methods to coat scaffolds with PL vary, in vitro studies suggest that PL allows for MSC adhesion, migration and differentiation inside these scaffolds. Increased new bone formation and vascularisation in comparison to uncoated scaffolds have also been observed in vivo. This review outlines the state-of-the-art research in the field of PL for ex vivo MSC expansion and in vivo bone regeneration. To minimise inconsistency between the studies, further work is required towards standardisation of PL preparation in terms of the starting material, platelet concentration, leukocyte depletion, and the method of platelet lysis. PL quality control procedures and its "potency" assessment are urgently needed, which could include measurements of key growth and attachment factors important for MSC maintenance and differentiation. Furthermore, different PL formulations could be tailor-made for specific bone repair indications. Such measures would undoubtedly speed up clinical translation of PL-based treatments for bone regeneration.
Do platelet concentrates promote bone regeneration?
Musculoskeletal regeneration, 2015
Platelet concentrates have been used in various applications within Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology with the aim of promote tissue repair. The first generation of platelet concentrates is Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and recent studies question its actual effectiveness on tissue healing because of the rapid release of growth factors. The second generation of platelet concentrates, the Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF), shows peculiar features in the release of growth factors, which occurs slowly and gradually and thus seems to promote a more promising effect over the tissues under repair in comparison with PRP, especially regarding to bone. However, the literature data are different and better results seem to be obtained when the PRF is mainly used in combination with other graft materials. Additional well-designed studies are needed to better clarify this matter.
From Coagulation to Oral Surgery Application: Platelets in Bone Regeneration
2018
The complexity of the treatment of tissue lesions, particularly bone lesions, in regenerative medicine depends on the origin of the substance loss (traumatic, tumoral, infectious, etc.), its size and mechanical requirements. In the field of dental surgery, the need to ensure rapid regeneration of injured bone tissue for periodontal, post-extractional or pre-implant corrective surgery leads dental surgeons to have a large number of biomaterials in their therapeutic arsenal. The mineral materials are most often used because of their chemical composition which is close to bone’s mineral phase. They also present a resorption time in agreement with the time of formation of new bone.However their benefits are inconstant and the need of new bioactive structures, well accepted by the host, and favoring tissue healing has grown. Here is the place for platelet concentrates such as Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) which are rich in growth factors, cytokines and others ...
Apheresis Platelet Rich-Plasma for Regenerative Medicine: An In Vitro Study on Osteogenic Potential
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021
Background: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) induces bone regeneration; however, there is low evidence supporting its efficacy in bone healing. The lack of a standardized protocol of administration represents the main obstacle to its use in the clinical routine for bone defects’ treatment. The purpose of this study was to characterize PRP and elucidate its osteogenic potential. Methods: Platelet count, fibrinogen levels, and growth factors concentration were measured in PRP obtained by four apheresis procedures. HOB-01-C1, a pre-osteocytic cell line, was used to examine the effects of different PRP dilutions (from 1% to 50%) on cell viability, growth, and differentiation. Gene expression of RUNX2, PHEX, COL1A1, and OCN was also assayed. Results: PRP showed a mean 4.6-fold increase of platelets amount compared to whole blood. Among the 36 proteins evaluated, we found the highest concentrations for PDGF isoforms, EGF, TGF-β and VEGF-D. PDGF-AA positively correlated with platelet counts. In ...
Platelet-Rich Blood Derivatives for Alveolar Bone Regeneration
Platelet-rich blood derivatives have been widely used in different fields of medicine and stem cell-based tissue engineering. They represent natural cocktails of autologous growth factors, which could provide an alternative for recombinant protein-based approaches. Platelet-rich blood derivatives, such as platelet-rich plasma, have consistently shown to potentiate stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Here, we review the spectrum of platelet-rich blood derivatives, discuss their current applications in alveolar bone regeneration.