Optical Character Recognition Based Hand-Held Device for Printed Text to Braille Conversion (original) (raw)

IJCTA July-August 2014_Embedded_Optical_Braille_Recognition_on.pdf

Optical Braille recognition is used to digitize and reproduce texts that have been produced with noncomputerized systems, such as with Braille typewriters. Digitizing Braille texts also helps reduce storage space, as Braille texts take up much more space than their natural language counterparts. Editing and Reprinting of Braille document that were embossed on paper are time consuming and labour intensive. Optical Braille recognition is also useful for people who cannot read Braille, but need to access the content of Braille documents. This paper is on Methodology of a camera based assistive device that can be used by people to read Braille document. The framework is on implementing image capturing technique in an embedded system based on Raspberry Pi board.

A Portable Device for the Translation of Braille to Literary Text

This paper presents the development of a portable device for the translation of embossed Braille to text. The device optically scans a Braille page and outputs the equivalent text output in real time, thus acting as a written communications gateway between sighted and vision impaired persons..

Dynamic Optical Braille Recognition (OBR) System

2009

Braille is one of the most important means of written communications between visually-impaired and sighted people, so it gains the research interest. This paper describes a new technique for recognizing Braille characters in Arabic double sided Braille document. The main challenge resolved here is to build up a complete OBR system that is completely invariant to scale of the scanned image starting from scanner passing image enhancement stages and followed by stages to detect parts of dots, then detecting the whole dot, and finally the Braille cell recognition. This technique can be applied regardless the grade of the Braille document (Grade one or Grade two). Besides, the proposed stages up to the Braille cell recognition can be used in recognizing Braille documents written in other languages too.

A portable device for optically recognizing Braille - Part II: software development

The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001, 2001

This article describes the software portion of the research work that developed a prototype portable device for optically scanning embossed Braille and conversion of the scanned text to binary Braille representation. The hardware development was reported in Part I of this paper [8]. An application to convert the literary Braille code to expanded text has also been implemented. The system developed utilises a hand held scanner that captures the embossed Braille image, in real time, via a linear 128pixel CCD array. A Texas Instruments Digital Signal Processor performs recognition processing.

Optical Braille Recognition Software Prototype for the Sinhala Language

Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2019

Braille system is purposely made for visually impaired people, to support their literal communication in order to share their knowledge. Louis Braille introduced the braille system consists of series dots which are embossed to read by touching. Early days Braille papers are made manually, but at current days braille documents are made using machines. Due to lack of perceiving on braille symbols and characters, it was highly needed fact to develop Braille system to different languages. In the Sri Lankan context, we found that the mostly inconvenience are happening inside of Sri Lankan education system. Such as in Special Education centers, Colleges, and universities. Written Braille scripts are evolution by a limited number of people who are specialized in the Sinhala braille system. Also, the process of marking braille documents are not effective and efficient. The focus of this research is to address the issue of literal communication gaps between society and the blind people in Sri Lanka. Average quality single-sided composed Braille dot characters are identified with maximum accuracy by using several novel methodologies. Obtained results denote the proposed methodologies are with the highest accuracy and system performance are more efficient as promised. The research presents executable software prototype, includes proposed methods which align with optical braille recognition in order to transpose the recognize braille characters. Introduce of new binaries cell transcription method of Braille character from a Braille document and decoding them into Sinhala characters. The proposed cost-effective system can display decoded braille characters by normalizing to Sinhala text which is in a human-understandable form.

Design and Implementation of Digital Braille System for The Visually Impaired

According to World Health Organization (WHO), there are approximately 2.2 billion people who are visually impaired in the world (Oct, 2019). Braille is a tactile writing system used by people who are visually impaired and is typically written on embossed paper. Reading is the most important form of learning. According to Varao Sousa [11] , reading reduces mind wandering and increases understanding. For visually impaired people, reading refers to braille reading through touch. In this digital age, where everything is done online, the visually impaired have a hard time trying to access digital content or read electronic documents. Digital braille or electronic braille is a way in which the visually impaired can access information using electronic braille displays where the digital content on screen is converted into braille and is made available for use. Many electronic braille systems are printed onto paper and this form of braille is susceptible to wear and tear. Most electronic braille systems used are very expensive especially in developing countries such as India. Hence, we are proposing a digital braille system that is affordable and easy to use. The digital braille system designed converts digital text from documents to braille using python script. The system is driven by electromagnetic push-pull solenoids connected to an Arduino Uno board. The vertical movements of the solenoids represent the braille characters. Each character is read and the corresponding dots representing the character in the braille alphabet is displayed. The system can also be a handy tool for teaching and training the visually impaired people.

An Arabic Optical Braille Recognition System

2000

Technology has shown great promise in providing access to textual information for visually impaired people. Optical Braille Recognition (OBR) allows people with visual impairments to read volumes of typewritten documents with the help of flatbed scanners and OBR software. This project looks at developing a system to recognize an image of embossed Arabic Braille and then convert it to text.

Automated Conversion of English and Hindi Text to Braille Representation

2011

Nearly 161 million persons live with a disabling visual impairment, of whom 37 million are blind. About 90 % of them live in developing countries of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Pacific Regions. 9 out of 10 blind children in developing countries have no access to education. The system of embossed writing invented by Louis Braille gradually came to be accepted throughout the world as the fundamental form of written communication for blind individuals. This paper is concerned about the transliteration of English and Hindi text to Braille. Braille is a dotted pattern used by the blind people for reading and writing. In this paper we have discussed the possible ways to teach Blind people [11]..Braille has become the pre-eminent tactile alphabet. Its characters are six- dot cells, two wide by three tall. Any of

Design and Implementation of Standalone Language Independent Universal Electronic Reader for Blind

Visually impaired people are always deprived of reading the conventional printed text. Available solutions so far suggest the conventional text to be converted into Braille or audio. However this is a very tedious & costly process. Moreover, these solutions are available to limited languages, and not all the conventional books can straightaway be converted into these special forms at the time of release. The proposed design, “Universal Reader for Blind” is addressing this concern. The OPT101 optical sensor array is used to sense the black text on white paper. TI’s C2000 Delfino TMS320F28335 microcontroller will accept the sensed data through the 16 analog channels for further processing. The embedded firmware using CCS IDE is implemented which will retrieve the logic of pattern regeneration using preprogrammed static database mapping with adjustable ambient threshold. The character is regenerated using a solenoid array in combination with ULN2803 producing mechanical motion on corre...