Cribado bioquímico y ecográfico de aneuploidía fetal en el segundo trimestre de la gestación (original) (raw)

Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología, 2004

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective To study the effectiveness of biochemical and ultrasonographic screening for trisomy 21 in the second trimester of pregnancy in a low-risk population.Method We performed a prospective interventional study in 8894 singleton pregnancies at low risk for aneuploidy. Dating ultrasound scan and simultaneous maternal blood sampling for determination of a-fetoprotein (α-FP) and chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) was performed between weeks 14 and 18. The criteria for offering amniocentesis were a biochemical risk of 1/270 or above, serum α-FP levels < 0.4 MoM, β-hCG< 0.2 MoM (risk for trisomy 18), or nuchal fold thickness above the 95th percentile for gestational age.ResultsThe detection rates for trisomy 21 were as follows: 65% with the use of biochemical markers plus maternal age (11% false positive rate) and 45% with the use of nuchal fold measurement (5.3% false positive rate). When either of both risk indicators was taken into account, the detection rates rose to 75% with a false positive rate of 14.9%.Conclusion Simultaneous or independent use of biochemical markers (α-FP and β-hCG) and nuchal fold measurements to assess risk for trisomy 21 in the second trimester provided a detection rate of 75% with a false positive rate of 14.9%.

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