Seizures during treatment of Vitamin B12 deficiency (original) (raw)
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Neurologic findings of nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in children
The Turkish journal of pediatrics
We report herein our interesting case series of 15 infants admitting with neurological symptoms who were found to have vitamin B12 deficiency. Infants who were admitted to our hospital between 2004 and 2007 with neurological symptoms and were found to have vitamin B12 deficiency were included in this study. Data regarding clinical and laboratory features were obtained. Of 15 infants, 9 were boys (60%) and 6 were girls (40%). The mean age was 11.7 months. Anorexia, pallor, hypotonia, and neurodevelopmental retardation were present in all infants. Seizures and tremor were observed in 46.6% (7/15) and 33% (5/15) of patients, respectively. Seizures were generalized tonic-clonic in 4 patients, generalized tonic in 1 patient and focal in 2 patients. Four patients had tremor on admission and 1 patient had occurrence after vitamin B12 treatment. Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to serious neurological deficits in addition to megaloblastic anemia. Persistent neurological damage can be prevent...
Vitamin B 12 deficiency in infancy as a cause of developmental regression
Brain & Development, 2005
Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause serious developmental regression, hypotonia and cerebral atrophy in infants. We report a 6-month-old infant, with insidious developmental regression and brain atrophy showed by CT scan, secondarily to vitamin B12 deficiency. His mother was a strict vegetarian and the patient was exclusively breastfed. The clinical symptoms and the brain CT were normalized after vitamin B12 administration.
An occult cause of infantile spasms : Vitamin B 12 deficiency
2016
Vitamin B12 deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants is an important problem in developing countries. Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Few cases of vitamin B12 deficiency have been reported as the cause of infantile spasms. We report the case of a 6-month-old boy diagnosed with infantile spasms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency caused by nutritional inadequacy in the mother. He was observed to have head nods and flexor limbs spasms which appeared in clusters. Psychomotor development was normal. The serum vitamin B12 level was low and results of electroencephalography (EEG) indicated modified hypsarrhythmia. His symptoms resolved after synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and vitamin B12 treatment. The EEG was completely normal after the first month and sixth month of treatment. In addition to ACTH and vitamin B12 treatment, following antiepileptic drug treatment was not initiated. During 21 months’ follow up he is ...
Vitamin B12 deficiency: case report and review of literature
The Pan African Medical Journal, 2021
Vitamin B12 deficiency in early childhood is an important cause of neurodevelopmental delay and regression. Most of these cases occur in exclusively breast-fed infants of deficient mothers. Symptoms and signs of vitamin B12 deficiency appear between the ages of 2 to 12 months and include vomiting, lethargy, failure to thrive, hypotonia, and arrest or regression of developmental skills. Approximately one half of this cases exhibit abnormal movements, variously described as tremors, twitches, chorea, or myoclonus. Urinary concentrations of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine are characteristically elevated in vitamin B12 deficiency. Hyperglycinuria is sometimes present. The early diagnosis and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency is crucial for significant neurological impairment and long-term prognosis. Treatment with vitamin B12 corrects these metabolic abnormalities very rapidly (within a few days). Vitamin B12 supplementation of pregnant women may prevent neurological and neuroradi...
Reversible cerebral atrophy in vitamin b12 deficient infants after treatment
To study the effects of Vitamin B12 deficiency in infants and to see if there were any changes in the findings on treatment on follow up scans. Materials &Methods: We present three cases, children of age 6, 9 and 12 months of age, whose mothers had vitamin B12 deficiency. Patients underwent MRI brain scans after taking proper consent and were followed up after they were treated for deficiency at 12, 6 and 18 months respectively. Result : On admission, the patients showed delayed milestones and were drowsy, hypotonic and lethargic. Serum vitamin B12 levels were below normal limits. On brain MRI images revealed prominent supratentorial subarachnoid spaces and cerebral atrophy. All the three children were treated for vitamin B12 deficiency and follow up MRI scans were done at 12, 6 and 15 months respectively. The follow up scans showed regression in the supratentorial cerebral atrophy in the patients on treatment for vitamin B12 deficiency resulting in reversible atrophy in the MRI scans, hence concluding that atrophy is not a permanent imaging finding once detected in Vitamin B 12 deficient children. Conclusion:Maternal vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency is usually secondary to pernicious anemia or to a strict vegetarian diet and can cause serious neurological abnormalities among exclusively breastfed infants.Brain changes may include diffuse cerebral atrophy, thinning of corpus callosum, cerebellar & spinal cord atrophy and postero-lateral cord hyperintensities.When a child presents with atrophy of the brain, it is usually mistaken as a permanent change causing concern among parents of children.
Neurological Manifestations of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Study of a Series of 43 Cases
Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency can affect the nervous system, with various neurological manifestations causing diagnostic difficulties, especially when the blood count and vitamin B12 dosage are normal. Materials and Methods: We propose to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, para-clinical and evolutional profiles of 43 patients with neurological manifestations due to vitamin B12 deficiency, hospitalized at the department of neurology of Bab El Oued University Hospital Algiers.
Deficiency of vitamin B12 and its relation with neurological disorders: a critical review
The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology
B12 is an essential vitamin for human body which reduces the chances of neurological diseases, birth defects, and chronic disorders. It is a vital micro-nutrient for maintaining the brain health. This review sorts out some causes of vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency and develops its link with neurological disorders. The portals include PubMed, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Pak MediNet, and Science Direct were search for literature retrieval. Study of literature revealed that deficiency of this vitamin occurs primarily due to insufficient dietary intake which results in a group of neurological symptoms in adults as well as infants. These neurological disorders include apathy, anorexia, irritability, growth retardation, and developmental regression. It may also involve in delayed myelination or demyelination of neurons. It was concluded that B12 is vital micro-nutrient for healthy brain in children, younger, and elders. Various conditions are responsible for def...
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Aim: Nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency is common in developing and underdeveloped countries and has a wide variety of neurological presentations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neurological characteristics and laboratory results of infants with vitamin B12 deficiency. Materials and methods: A total of 42 infants were included in this study. All patients were evaluated for clinical, physical, and neurological abnormalities, and an attempt was made to obtain short-term neurologic follow-up. Results: Of 42 patients, 24 (57%) were boys and 18 (43%) were girls. The average age at diagnosis was 13.04 +/- 5.68 months. Most of these infants were breastfed only and born from mothers with inadequate animal-derived protein consumption. Hypotonia (100%), anorexia (92.8%), neurodevelopmental (85.7%), and social (80.9%) retardation were the most present symptoms in all infants. Conclusion: Severe neurological and hematological findings may be found in children with vitamin B12 deficie...
An occult cause of infantile spasms: Vitamin B12 deficiency. A case report and review of literature
2016
Vitamin B12 deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants is an important problem in developing countries. Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Few cases of vitamin B12 deficiency have been reported as the cause of infantile spasms. We report the case of a 6-month-old boy diagnosed with infantile spasms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency caused by nutritional inadequacy in the mother. He was observed to have head nods and flexor limbs spasms which appeared in clusters. Psychomotor development was normal. The serum vitamin B12 level was low and results of electroencephalography (EEG) indicated modified hypsarrhythmia. His symptoms resolved after synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and vitamin B12 treatment. The EEG was completely normal after the first month and sixth month of treatment. In addition to ACTH and vitamin B12 treatment, following antiepileptic drug treatment was not initiated. During 21 months' follow up he...
Infantile Spasm-Rare Presentation of “Vitamin B12 Encephalopathy”
Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2017
Vitamin B12 deficiency manifests as triad of anaemia, gastrointestinal abnormalities and neurological abnormalities. The children with vitamin B12 deficiency are often misdiagnosed as it mimics autism spectrum disorders, colics and gastroenteritis. The existence of vitamin B12 deficiency neuropathy was recognised in 1958 [1]. Seizures are rare but are seen especially in infants and there are only a few reports regarding the relationship between infantile spasm and vitamin B12 deficiency. Here we report a case of 19 month old female baby who presented to MKCG medical college, paediatric casualty with complains of hyperpigmentation of skin for 4 months, inability to stand with support for 3 months and sudden flexion of neck, arms and thighs multiple times throught the day for 2 months.