The use of electrokinetics to enhance the degradation of organic contaminants in soils (original) (raw)
Related papers
Movement of pentachlorophenol in unsaturated soil by electrokinetics
Proceedings of the …, 2001
Electrokinetic experiments have been performed on unsaturated natural soil specimens artificially contaminated with pentachlorophenol. Movement of pentachlorophenol within the soil mass has been demonstrated, but no contaminant was discovered in any effluent fluids. The results indicate that it may be possible to improve the bioavailability of the pollutant to degradative microorganisms using electrokinetics, by moving the chemical and microbes relative to each other.
Contaminated Soil by an Upward Electro-kinetic Process
A total of four different tests were conducted on silty loam soil spiked with phenol in concentrations of 250 mg/kg. A constant DC voltage gradient of 1.5 V/cm was applied for all these tests with duration of 4 days remediation process for each test. The experimental results showed that the overall removal efficiency of phenol for tests conducted with 0.1M HNO3 or Distilled water as the purging solution and without using acidic injection well were relatively low equal to 5, and 6.8%, respectively. However, introducing the injection well technique into these tests under the same conditions was significantly increasing the removal efficiency to arrive 77, and 49%, respectively.
Environmental Pollution, 2019
The potential of electrokinetic (EK) remediation to remove from soils one particular group of contaminants-contaminants of emergent concern (CECs), remains largely overlooked. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the EK process for the remediation of an agricultural clay soil containing CECs. The soil was spiked with four CECs-sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen, triclosan and caffeine-and their status (i.e. residual amounts and spatial distribution) evaluated at the seventh day of EK treatment at a defined current intensity, directionality and duration of void period. The characterization of the soil physicochemical properties was also undertaken. The results showed similar degradation trends in all applied EK strategies, which were suchlike to that of the natural attenuation (biotic control): sulfamethoxazole > ibuprofen ≥ triclosan ≥ caffeine. The removal of the CECs was higher under a 10 mA constant current application than in the natural attenuation (up to 2.8 times higher; from 13 to 85%). Caffeine was the exception with its best removal efficiency being achieved when the ON/OFF switch mode with a void period duration of 12 h was used (36%). The use of electro-polarization reversal mode did not favour the remediation. The soil pH variations resulting from EK application were determinant for triclosan remediation, which increased with soil pH increase. The only EK condition that promoted the removal of all CECs was the ON/OFF switch mode of 12 h (removals between 36 and 72%), in which only minor physicochemical disturbances of the soil were
Soil remediation using an electrokinetic method
2020
Remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals can be accomplished by subjecting the soil to an electric DC field. The heavy metals that are dissolved will move to either the cathode (mostly) or the anode, depending on their charges. The electrical field also induces electro-osmotic flow that can carry uncharged species. Precipitated and sorbed species will dissolve as the solution is depleted. The acid that is generated at the anode can considerably enhance the dissolution. The acid moves toward the cathode and generates a region with high concentration and mobility of the cationic metals. We present the theoretical basis of the method, the results of some remediation experiments, and the results of some numerical simulations that were used to interpret the experimental results. The remediation experiments are supple mented by determinations of the acid neutralization capacity as well as the sorption capacity and sorption distribution constants for the metal ions. These are esse...
2018
Combination of electrokinetic soil flushing and bioremediation (EKSF-Bio) technology has attracted many researchers attention in the last few decades. Electrokinetic is used to increase biodegradation rate of microorganisms in soil pores. Therefore, it is necessary to use solubilizing agents such as surfactants that can improve biodegradation process. This paper describes the basic understanding and recent development associated with electrokinetic soil flushing, bioremediation, and its combination as innovative hybrid solution for treating hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Surfactant has been widely used in many studies and practical applications in remediation of hydrocarbon contaminant, but specific review about those combination technology cannot be found. Surfactants and other flushing/solubilizing agents have significant effects to increase hydrocarbon remediation efficiency. Thus, this paper is expected to provide clear information about fundamental interaction between electroki...
Journal of Environmental Management, 2018
HIGHLIGHTS Fundamental interaction between electrokinetic soil flushing and bioremediation in contaminated soil are reviewed Recent progress and development of electrokinetic soil flushing and bioremediation are highlighted Sustainability assessment and future perspectives of electrokinetic soil flushing and bioremediation are summarized ABSTRACT Combination of electrokinetic soil flushing and bioremediation (EKSF-Bio) technology has attracted many researchers attention in the last few decades. Electrokinetic is used to increase biodegradation rate of microorganisms in soil pores. Therefore, it is necessary to use solubilizing agents such as surfactants that can improve biodegradation process. This paper describes the basic understanding and recent development associated with electrokinetic soil flushing, bioremediation, and its combination as innovative hybrid solution for treating hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Surfactant has been widely used in many studies and practical applications in remediation of 2 hydrocarbon contaminant, but specific review about those combination technology cannot be found. Surfactants and other flushing/solubilizing agents have significant effects to increase hydrocarbon remediation efficiency. Thus, this paper is expected to provide clear information about fundamental interaction between electrokinetic, flushing agents and bioremediation, principal factors, and an inspiration for ongoing and future research benefit.
Chemical engineering transactions, 2014
Chemical Engineering Department. Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technology. University of Castilla La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain. Chemical Engineering Department. Research Institute for Chemical and Environmental Technology (ITQUIMA). University of Castilla La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain. Department of Civil Building Engineering, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain *Corresponding author: manuel.rodrigo@uclm.es
Electrokinetics and soil decontamination: concepts and overview (Review)
Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 2014
Electrokinetic decontamination and extraction have been proven to be one of the most viable, cost effective and emerging techniques in removing contaminants, especially heavy metals from soils for about last five decades. Basic concepts and an overview of the electrokinetic extraction processes and their potential applications in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering have been reviewed based on the literature and presented in this paper. Primarily, theoretical and laboratory experimental studies related to electroreclamation of soils are summarised in brief with basic concepts of electrokinetic processes. The paper has been divided into different sections that include history of electrokinetics, background and concepts, modelling, parameter effects, instrumentation, contaminant extraction, field applications, and summary and recommendation. Based on the review it is obvious that the field application of electrokinetic technology to remediate heavy metal contaminated soils /sediments is very limited and site specific. Additional laboratory studies and more pilot-and full-scale information from field applications are critical to the further understanding of the technology and to customize the process in different field conditions.