Effects of Heavy Metals on Growth and Bioaccumulation of the Annual Halophytes Atriplex Hortensis and A. Rosea (original) (raw)
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Reducing heavy metal (Zn, Cu) toxicity in a semi-arid area by halophytes
International journal of health sciences, 2024
This work is the subject of a study of the effect of Atriplexhalimus on the variability of the percentage of certain heavy metals in the region of Boukhadra-Ouanza north of Tébessa, which is characterized by the proximity of an ancient mining area and with different levels of salinity. Where we made field trips, the first to know the area and determine the sampling locations, and the second to take samples. The latter (soil surrounding the roots of the cut plant and soil without vegetation at a distance of one meter), then we measured the salinity standards (electrical conductivity and the percentages of certain heavy metals. The samples were analyzed at the Geology Laboratory, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Tébéssa, where soil CE was calculated and compared to the percentage of heavy metals (zinc and copper)in the soil. The results showed the presence of a significant proportion of heavy metals such as zinc and copper, especially in the third study area, which is considered high by World Health Organization standards and to acceptable standards, because the latter is located near an abandoned mining area, unlike the high salinity factor in the first and second areas. Showed the response of this type of plant to heavy metals, where we compared.
International Journal of Environmental Research
The toxicity of four potentially toxic trace elements (Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) to Annual Atriplex (A. hortensis and A. rosea) was examined to determine if this plant showed sufficient tolerance to be used to phytoremediate soils polluted with these heavy metals. The plant growth expressed as shoot and root dry weight of Atriplex plant was adversely inhibited when exposed to high concentrations of polluted soil. Significant increases in chlorophyll content were observed in leaves for three Atriplex varieties after the plants were exposed to stress treatments. The carotenoid and anthocyanin content also decreased. Red variety of Atriplex accumulated more anthocyanins in leaves than green and rosea ones. The lipid peroxidation increased, considerably at 100% polluted soil, which is a typical plant reaction to the oxidative stress. We proposed for the reduction state of photosynthetic parameters to be a useful tool in bioassay toxicity testing of metal polluted soil. These results demonstrat...
Effects of Heavy Metals on Physiological Status of Plants
2019
Plants efficiently remove contaminants from contaminated environments; however, when the contaminants accumulate in excess in plant tissues, they cause alterations in the vital growth processes of plants. The effects of four heavy metals, which were nickel, manganese, cobalt, and zinc on Lemna spp. and Hydrilla verticillata were investigated. The plants showed a decline in the growth, both chlorophyll and protein concentrations in plant tissues were reduced. Zinc and manganese were the most effective metals in reducing chlorophyll content in Lemna spp. and Hydrilla verticillata respectively, while the metals zinc and nickel were the most among the tested metals in reducing protein content in Lemna spp. and Hydrilla verticillata respectively. The effects of heavy metal concentrations and exposure period to heavy metals on plants’ physiological status were significant, P<0.05. The plants can be used as an effective tool in removing contaminants from contaminated environments and ch...
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2006
Cultivation of crops in or close to contaminated sites may result in both growth inhibition and tissue accumulation of heavy metals, with resulting possible risks to humans or livestock health if these tissues are ingested. In this work, growth inhibition and accumulation of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn for three Brassica crop species (B. oleracea L., B. carinata A. Br. and B. juncea (L.) Czern.) and the autochthonous Cuaccumulating species Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagrèze-Fossat were studied, in two contaminated soils from the Murcia region of Spain and one from Valencia, over a 80-day period (40 days for H. incana) in pot experiments.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2014
Elements uptake, histological distributions as well as mycorrhizal and physiological statuses of Atriplex halimus were determined on trace metal and metalloid polluted soils from the surrounding spray zones of a former lead smelter in the South-East coast of Marseille (France). Analyses of heavy metal and arsenic distribution in soil and plant organs showed that A. halimus tolerance is largely due to exclusion mechanisms. No specific heavy metal concentration in leaf or root tissues was observed. However, accumulation of salts (NaCl, KCl, Mg and Ca salts) on leaf bladders and peripheral tissues of roots was observed and may compete with metal element absorption. Occurrence of endomycorrhizal structures was detected in roots and may contribute to lower element transfer from root into the aerial parts of plants. The non-destructive measurements of leaf epidermal chlorophylls, flavonols and phenols showed a healthy state of the A. halimus population on the metal and metalloid polluted sites. Considering the low metal bioaccumulation and translocation factors along with a reduced metal stress diagnosis, A. halimus appeared as a good candidate for phytostabilization of trace metals and metalloids and notably arsenic in contaminated soils of the Mediterranean spray zone. However, its invasive potential has to be determined before an intensive in situ use.
We investigated the effect of three heavy-metal-rich media (Pb, Zn and Cu) on germination and growth of three Algerian populations (Kharouba, Debdaba and El Mactae) of Atriplex halimus L. Four concentrations of metals (0, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) were applied to test the tolerance and metal accumulation of the populations grown in a greenhouse. Germination rates were not decreased by heavy metal treatment. Among the three populations, growth of Kharouba was the least affected, regardless of the metal present as confirmed by the tolerance indices. Atriplex from Kharouba originated from a contaminated site that may have lead to a better metal tolerance for this population. All three populations showed good metal sorption capabilities in root tissues. Maximal metal accumulation in aerial parts was obtained for Debdaba population with a mean of 30.9, 1.1 and 257 ppm of Cu, Pb and Zn accumulation, respectively. However, metal concentrations were below the level of US Domestic Animal Metal Toxicity Limits and the three A. halimus populations, appeared to be good candidates for a phytostabilization strategy without threat to grazing animals.
Heavy Metal Accumulation by the Halophyte Species Mediterranean Saltbush
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2004
- and their use for phytoextraction purposes has been recommended To identify Cd-and Zn-accumulating plants exhibiting a high 2003). Most hyperaccumulators, however, are difficult growth rate, seeds from the halophyte species Mediterranean saltbush to manage and have a shallow root system, and their (Atriplex halimus L.) were collected on a heavy-metal-contaminated interest is therefore limited in the case of deep contamisite in southeastern Spain (Llano del Beal, Cartagena). Seedlings from this ecotype were exposed for 3 wk to 0.1 mM Cd or Zn in a nutrient nation (Keller et al., 2003). solution in a fully controlled environment. All plants remained alive The use of deep-rooting halophyte species is of particand no significant growth inhibition was recorded until the end of ular interest in this context because these plants are the experiment. Mean Cd and Zn accumulation in aerial parts was naturally present in environments characterized by an 830 and 440 mg kg Ϫ1 , respectively, and the rate of metal translocation excess of toxic ions, mainly sodium and chloride. Several even increased with the duration of stress exposure. Resistance to studies demonstrated that some tolerance mechanisms heavy metals in this species may be partly linked to precipitation of Cd operating at the whole-plant level are not always specific in oxalate crystals in the stems. A Cd-induced decrease in glutathione to sodium and that other toxic elements such as copper, concentration also suggests that phytochelatins overproduction may zinc, or cadmium may accumulate in salt glands or trioccur in these conditions. We conclude that Mediterranean saltbush, chomes in tamaris [Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst.], marshwhich is able to produce up to 5 Mg dry matter ha Ϫ1 yr Ϫ1 , may be an effective species for phytoextraction and should be tested for this daisy [Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd.], and gray manpurpose in field conditions. grove [Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh.] (Hagemeyer and Waisel, 1988; Neumann et al., 1995;). Among the halophyte flora, species * Significantly different from the values of the corresponding control at the 0.05 probability level according to the Scheffé F test. other C4 species, which need Na for efficient phospho-** Significantly different from the values of the corresponding control at enolpyruvate regeneration. the 0.01 probability level according to the Scheffé F test. † Each value is the mean of three replicates Ϯ standard errors.
E3S Web of Conferences
Plants need certain conditions that represent their living environment. When the living environment provides the conditions required by the plant, it will grow and develop properly. The growth and development of plants involve environmental factors, which represent those constituent elements of the natural environment, which actively intervene in plants’ life. The present work shows the characteristics of an agricultural soil, contaminated with heavy metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) in different concentrations, which has been divided into pots, in which were thereafter planted vegetable seedlings (tomatoes, cucumbers, parsley, spinach, carrots, radishes). During the plants’ growing time, the temperature and humidity of the air inside the greenhouse, as well as the humidity and pH of the soil, were monitored. The growth and the development of the plants under certain conditions were also tracked, until the end of the growing period. The results of monitoring the plants’ growth and development ...
The sensitivity of young bean, cucumber and lettuce plants to heavy metals stress was studied at control conditions in a climatic room. The plants were grown in pots with perlite and supplied daily by half-strength Hoagland nutrient solution. The plants were treated for 8 days with different heavy metal doses (full, ½ and ¼) starting at appearance of the fi rst true leaf (cucumber and bean) or the full development of the second leaf (lettuce). The full dose consisted 500 μM Zn, 50 μM Cd and 20 μM Cu added to the nutrient solution. Based on the measured morphological (fresh weight, leaf area, root length) and physiological parameters (photosynthetic pigments content and activity of guaiacol peroxidase in roots), the cucumber plants presented the highest sensitivity to heavy metal stress.