Preoperative Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Outcome in High-Risk Heart Failure Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery (original) (raw)
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Anesthesiology, 2006
Background Acute renal dysfunction (ARD) and subsequent acute renal failure after cardiac surgery are associated with high mortality and morbidity. Early therapeutic or preventive intervention is hampered by the lack of an early biomarker for acute renal injury. Recent studies showed that urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL or lipocalin 2) is up-regulated early (within 1-3 h) after murine renal injury and in pediatric ARD after cardiac surgery. The authors hypothesized that postoperative urinary NGAL concentrations are increased in adult patients developing ARD after cardiac surgery compared with patients without ARD. Methods After institutional review board approval, 81 cardiac surgical patients were prospectively studied. Urine samples were collected immediately before incision and at various time intervals after surgery for NGAL analysis by quantitative immunoblotting. ARD was defined as peak postoperative serum creatinine increase by 50% or greater compared ...
The aim of our pilot study was to determine the relation between the intraoperative parameters and levels of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) in patients after cardiac surgery. Methods: Twenty four adult (mean age 55.3±11 years) patients with coronary heart diseases whom planned cardiac surgery were included to study. All patients had initially normal kidney function (GFR > 60 ml/min). Diabetic patients were excluded from the study. Clinical survey included assessment of kidney and heart functions, routine laboratory assays. uNGAL levels were tested at 2nd and 12th hours after conducted cardiac surgery. We investigated association between the intraoperative factors such as extracorporeal circuit (pump on) time, intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgical operation and level of uNGAL. Results: General clinical characteristics of patients were followings: GFR 92±20.6 ml/min, Hb 13.4±1.8 g/dL, WBC 6.9 x103/mm3, left ventricle ejection fraction 53.8±8.4%...
Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2010
Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) has been introduced as an early and sensitive biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI), with an increased risk for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and adverse outcome in selected critically ill patient groups. Acute respiratory failure is the most common organ dysfunction in critically ill patients with an increased risk for AKI. Accordingly, we hypothesized that pNGAL would independently predict adverse outcome in a heterogeneous group of critically ill adult patients with acute respiratory failure. Design and Setting: Prospective, multi-centre study in 25 Finnish intensive care units. Patients and Methods: pNGAL was measured from critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure. We evaluated the predictive value of pNGAL for RRT, and hospital and 90-day mortality first separately, second in addition to the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II), and third to RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-Stage Renal Disease) AKI classification. Additionally, we assessed the factors associated with pNGAL by linear regression analysis. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: We included 369 patients. Median (interquartile range) baseline pNGAL was 169 (92-370) ng/ml. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves of baseline pNGAL were as follows: 0.733 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.656-0.810] for RRT, 0.627 (95% CI 0.561-0.693) for hospital, and 0.582 (95% CI 0.520-0.645) for 90-day mortality. Present infection, baseline creatinine, operative status, and pancreatitis were independently associated with baseline pNGAL. Conclusions: Baseline pNGAL gives no additional value into prediction of hospital and 90-day mortality compared with RIFLE or SAPS II, and has only moderate predictive power regarding RRT in critically ill adult patients with acute respiratory failure.
International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2016
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), previously referred as acute renal failure, is a frequent and serious complication encountered after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study is to determine that plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) detects AKI earlier in patients undergoing cardiac surgery compared to serum creatinine. METHODS: It is a single centre, case control study, where 50 controls (apparently healthy individuals) and 53 cases (adults who underwent major cardiac surgeries) were chosen as study group. Plasma NGAL and serum creatinine were estimated in random samples for controls. NGAL was estimated preoperatively and at 4 hours post operatively for the study group. Creatinine was estimated preoperatively and at 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours post operatively for the study group. Plasma NGAL was measured using ELISA and creatinine using modified kinetic Jaffe method. Paired T test and Pearson correlation was used to analyse different variables. RESULTS: NG...
Innovative Publication, 2016
Background & objectives: Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin NGAL predicts Acute Kidney Injury earlier than creatinine in cardiac surgery patients. This study aims at understanding the correlation between the two biomarkers. Methods: 53 patients who underwent major cardiac surgery were included in the study. Venous blood samples were collected before surgery and at 4 hours after surgery to estimate plasma NGAL and before surgery, at 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after surgery from the patients to estimate serum creatinine. Correlation analysis was done between NGAL and creatinine using Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results: The correlation coefficients for plasma NGAL values at 4 hours after surgery with the serum creatinine values were r = 0.87 at 4 hours, r = 0.86 at 24 hours, r = 0.91 at 48 hours and r = 0.87 at 72 hours after surgery. Interpretation: The correlation coefficient values shows that plasma NGAL values at 4 hours after surgery were highly correlated with the serum creatinine values at 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after surgery. Conclusion: This study shows that NGAL values are highly correlated with creatinine values.
Critical Care, 2013
Introduction: Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is reportedly useful for post-cardiac surgery acute kidney injury (AKI). Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a strong risk factor for AKI development, no clinical evaluation of plasma NGAL has specifically examined AKI occurring in patients with CKD. This study evaluated plasma NGAL in AKI superimposed on CKD after cardiac surgery. Methods: This study prospectively evaluated 146 adult patients with scheduled cardiac surgery at 2 general hospitals. Plasma NGAL was measured before surgery, at ICU arrival after surgery (0 hours), and 2, 4, 12, 24, 36, and 60 hours after ICU arrival. Results: Based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD guideline, 72 (49.3%) were diagnosed as having CKD. Of 146 patients, 53 (36.3%) developed AKI after surgery. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative plasma NGAL, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and operation time are significantly associated with AKI occurrence after surgery. Plasma NGAL in AKI measured after surgery was significantly higher than in non-AKI irrespective of CKD complication. However, transient decrease of plasma NGAL at 0 to 4 hours was observed especially in AKI superimposed on CKD. Plasma NGAL peaked earlier than serum creatinine and at the same time in mild AKI and AKI superimposed on CKD with increased preoperative plasma NGAL (>300 ng/ml). Although AKI superimposed on CKD showed the highest plasma NGAL levels after surgery, plasma NGAL alone was insufficient to discriminate de novo AKI from CKD without AKI after surgery. Receiver operating characteristics analysis revealed different cutoff values of AKI for CKD and non-CKD patients. Conclusions: Results show the distinct features of plasma NGAL in AKI superimposed on CKD after cardiac surgery: 1) increased preoperative plasma NGAL is an independent risk factor for post-cardiac surgery AKI; 2) plasma NGAL showed an earlier peak than serum creatinine did, indicating that plasma NGAL can predict the recovery of AKI earlier; 3) different cutoff values of post-operative plasma NGAL are necessary to detect AKI superimposed on CKD distinctly from de novo AKI. Further investigation is necessary to confirm these findings because this study examined a small number of patients.
The origin of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in cardiac surgery
BMC Nephrology
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after heart surgery. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is produced in injured kidney. NGAL has been used as an early plasma biomarker for AKI in patients undergoing heart surgery. Neutrophils contain all isoforms (25-kDa, 45-kDa and 145-kDa) but the kidney produces almost exclusively the 25-kDa isoform of NGAL. We investigated first, whether there is association between NGAL and neutrophil activation, and second whether activated neutrophils are a significant source of circulating NGAL in plasma in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Two separate patient cohorts were studied: 1) the "kinetic cohort" (n = 29) and 2) the "FINNAKI cohort" (n = 306). As NGAL is strictly co-localized with lactoferrin in neutrophils, NGAL and lactoferrin were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in all patients. In sixty-one patients of the "FINNAKI cohort" Western blot was used to separate NGAL isoforms according to their molecular size. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, Pearson's and Spearman's tests were used as appropriate. Results: There was strong intraoperative association between NGAL and lactoferrin at all four time-points in the "kinetic cohort". In the "FINNAKI cohort", NGAL and lactoferrin concentrations correlated preoperatively (R = 0.59, p < 0.001) and at admission to the intensive care unit (R = 0.69, p < 0.001). At admission to intensive care unit, concentrations of NGAL and lactoferrin were higher in AKI than in non-AKI patients (NGAL: p < 0.001; lactoferrin: p < 0.029). In Western blot analyses, neutrophil specific 45-kDa isoform (median 41% [IQR 33.3-53.1]) and mostly neutrophil derived 145-kDa isoform (median 53.5% [IQR 44.0-64.9%]) together represented over 90% of total NGAL in plasma. Potentially kidney derived NGAL isoform (25-kDa) accounted for only 0.9% (IQR 0.3-3.0%) of total NGAL in plasma. There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of NGAL isomers between AKI and non-AKI patients. Conclusions: Plasma NGAL during cardiac surgery is associated with neutrophil activation. Based on molecular size, the majority of circulating NGAL is derived from neutrophils. Neutrophil activation is a confounding factor when interpreting increased plasma NGAL in cardiac surgery.
2016
Fro Ca Ce Ba pa Ca Me Ka Un De Vin Co BACKGROUND Worsening renal function (WRF) often occurs during acute heart failure (AHF) and can portend adverse outcomes; therefore, early identification may help mitigate risk. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a novel renal biomarker that may predict WRF in certain disorders, but its value in AHF is unknown. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine whether NGAL is superior to creatinine for prediction and/or prognosis of WRF in hospitalized patients with AHF treated with intravenous diuretic agents. METHODS This was a multicenter, prospective cohort study enrolling patients presenting with AHF requiring intravenous diuretic agents. The primary outcome was whether plasma NGAL could predict the development of WRF, defined as a sustained increase in plasma creatinine of 0.5 mg/dl or $50% above first value or initiation of acute renal-replacement therapy, within the first 5 days of hospitalization. The main secondary outcome wa...