Interpretation of Genetics in Diabetes mellitus (original) (raw)

Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D), arises from a complex interplay of genetic variations and environmental factors. While rare monogenic forms account for a small percentage of cases, T1D and T2D are influenced by multiple genomic regions, primarily through variations in several key genes, most notably in the HLA class II genes and others related to insulin secretion and immune response. Understanding these genetic components is crucial for elucidating the disease mechanisms and may lead to improved strategies for prevention and treatment.