Narrating the Artic (original) (raw)
Doctoral dissertation: Unimagined Communities: State, Press, and Gender in the Hamidian Era
Unimagined Communities: State, Press, and Gender in the Hamidian Era, 1996
This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type o f computer printer. The quality o f this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.
“Who will sing the songs?” Language renewal among Puebloan adolescents
This study explores indigenous language revitalization among adolescents in a Puebloan community through examination of the patterns of language interaction in which young people participate, both in their homes and in a formal youth program. The study reveals that despite expressed desires by both adults and young people for broader use of the community language, English dominates in inter-generational interaction. When attempts are made to use the local language, repairs in English (through code-switching) limit opportunities for adolescent community language learning. The net results include decreasing use of culturally important kinship terms, names, and relations, and the potential ending of ceremonial practices. The community has initiated efforts to reverse the accelerating drift toward English, and these are also detailed. Particular attention is given to local learning theories, the re-introduction of traditional practices and beliefs, and the various components of a youth program developed to meet the expressed desires of local adolescents, including greater exposure to community language, history, and culture. Ridicule and teasing, peer-pressure, and the formation of identities emerge across all domains as core components for understanding the complex nature of adolescent second language learning in the context of language revitalization. It is argued that in order to study and reflect on this complexity, it is useful to embrace a new paradigm of thought: complexity/chaos theory, and its applicability to language revitalization is demonstrated through discussion of the reported findings. Finally, the study demonstrates that there are benefits to focusing research not only locally, but also on multiple broader levels. The findings reinforce the value of looking not only at the individual second language learner and his or her immediate setting, but also at the speakers of the target language with whom the learner interacts, the multiple layers of social settings in which interaction takes place, the local attitudes towards learning and language, and the attitudes of the broader society toward minority groups, diverse ways of living, and multilingualism. It is in this last area where academia can make its most important contribution if the detrimental societal practices of the past are to be avoided in the future.
Oklahoma Indian Women and Their Art
Oklahoma Indian Women and Their Art, 1993
The art works of Oklahoma Indian women have received no attention as a category in this century or in any other—no specific study describes the collective effect of these women upon the visual arts or their corresponding aesthetics. This work is a beginning step towards filling that void. Questions to be addressed are: What are the cultural values and corresponding aesthetics of Oklahoma Indian women artists? What were and are the influences on Indian women during this century which have impacted and shaped their lives? What has their collective contribution to their past, present, and future environments. Ultimately, the factor which determine the assessment are the women's sense of beauty and the cultural values placed other art by the community of which they are a part.
Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison (2007) This work examines the reasons for the spread of rinderpest in Southern Bechuanaland and Hereroland between 1896 and 1897. A febrile and highly contagious disease affecting livestock and wild ungulate populations, rinderpest exacted a heavy death toll on the populations it touched, killing upwards of 97 percent. Part of the larger African rinderpest panzootic of 1887-1897, the disease has been the focus of many historical inquiries assessing its economic, political, and social consequences. Absent from these accounts, however, is the disease itself. By glossing over the disease's beginnings, scholars have drawn an incomplete picture of this event. In their rush to examine its aftermath, many have portrayed rinderpest as a monolithic entity that moved on its own accord, swept over large territories, and destroyed everything in its path. This was not the case. As argued here, the spread of rinderpest was heavily moderated by human actions. Assisted by tenuous relationships among pastoral populations and governments as well as the built and natural environments, rinderpest was able to spread with relative ease. Humans assumed responsibility for the disease's spread by moving infected cattle into contact with susceptible populations and implementing policies that either protected wild ungulate populations or prompted pastoralists to flee or resist and thus further spread the disease. Humans were also indirectly responsible for the spread of rinderpest. As evidenced in the built environment, roads connecting watering points often attracted large numbers of infected and susceptible populations, thereby creating ideal conditions for transmission. The natural environment also influenced herders and their cattle. The change from rainy to dry seasons, for example, prompted cattle and wild ungulates to gather at a shrinking number of grazing areas, thus increasing the possibility for rinderpest transmission. Therefore, in their attempts to stop it, control it, move away from it, inoculate against it, cope with it, profit from it, or ignore it, populations in Hereroland and Southern Bechuanaland ensured rinderpest's spread.
Psychophysiological Responses of Type A and B Persons During Baseline and Task Conditions
Type A and B subjects (classified by the Jenkins Activity Survey) participated in three experiments. In Experiment 1 (36 male and female college students), physiological responses were recorded during rest; in Experiment 2 (30 male and female college students) and Experiment 3 (43 men with or without coronary heart disease; M age = 51 years), responses were recorded during both rest and a task period where subjects played race and sum video games. Heart period, heart period variability, respiratory frequency and amplitude, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, slow wave frequency and amplitude (a measure of slow oscillations occurring in heart period), V (a measure of fast oscillations occurring in heart period in the respiratory frequency range), and Cw (a measure of respiratory-heart period coupling) were recorded. Although clear physiologic changes were induced during tasks, there was minimal evidence of greater physiological reactivity according to Type or disease status.
ABSTRACT “Disease” has become an emergent metaphor in describing, policing, and regimenting sexual, racial, and political difference. This study of narrative and disease in the Americas reveals how dissident, sometimes queer, bodies come to be regarded as viral threats to the state, and how such a construction of illness comes to be resisted in AIDS narratives. In moments of epidemiological crisis when governmental institutions enact states of emergency to counteract disease, regimens of biopower construct aberrant bodies as diseased and therefore as subject to state inspection, medical isolation, and criminalization. Reflecting characteristics of colonial and eighteenth-century narratives of an enervated New World, José Ricardo Chaves (Paisaje con tumbas pintadas en rosa, 1998, Costa Rica) depicts how AIDS in the Americas echoes colonial accounts of disease, race, and sexuality. With the emergence of AIDS, the Cuban government enacted states of emergency to contain and incarcerate its HIV-positive citizens. The literary manifestation of such detention wards is evident in works by Severo Sarduy (Pájaros de la playa, 1993, Cuba) and by Juan Goytisolo (Las virtudes del pájaro solitario, 1988, Spain). In addition to those writers, who resist statist medical treatments and quarantines, this study examines how Reinaldo Arenas (El color del verano o Nuevo jardín de las delicias, 1990, Cuba) and Silviano Santiago (Stella Manhattan, 1985, Brazil) use religious iconography, especially localized in homoerotic representations of saints, to challenge the mechanisms that create, maintain, and police the state. Furthermore, mystical adumbrations are evoked in Sarduy and in Goytisolo, who construct biomedical policing, approach medical protocols, and lastly, re-write invocations of the hereafter. Narratives such as these attempt to reify the sacred component of all life, but especially life that has been interpreted to be aberrant and diseased. Contemporary history and writing in the Americas both show that before bodies are excluded, quarantined, or exterminated, they are denaturalized as diseased, heretical, criminal, and dangerous to the state.
Hypertext and the Mixtec Screenfolds: Explorations in Writing, History, and Power
This project analyzes the organizational principles guiding the production and use of historical discourse in Mixtec society. The analysis centers on the form and content of seven Mixtec "screenfolds" produced and used during the 15th and eary 16th centuries in western Oaxaca, Mexico (i.e., Codices Zouche-Nuttall, Vindobonensis, Bodley, Colombino-Becker, Becker II, and Egerton). The contents of these screenfolds center on the representation of the dynastic histories of Mixtec kingdoms. Other sections of the screenfolds represent foundation stories. These sequences present information about the origins of Mixtec elites and describe how supernatural individuals and forces brought order to the Mixtec world. In this project concepts of history, memory, writing, reading, representation, discourse, and power inform theories that explore the complex ways signs, texts, and representational strategies are understood. This type of theory is well suited to the study of the narrative cross-referencing, multi-linear reading orders, and temporal and spatial juxtapositions that characterize Mixtec historiography. Resources and analyses in the project include: (1) an atlas of 54 places in the screenfolds that have been identified geographically; (2) a detailed analysis of the representational units that compose screenfold generation sequences: (3) comprehensive lists of the members of the dynasties of nine Mixtec kingdoms; (4) an examination of the contextual and narrative uses of footprint paths in the screenfolds: (5) a study of the use of screenfold dates in chronological and non-chronological contexts; (6) a structural analysis of a foundation story used by Mixtec kings to legitimize their authority; and (7) a discussion of marriage patterns between Mixtec and Zapotec elite families. This project has four main objectives: (1) to explore the type of historiography represented in Mixtec screenfolds; (2) to expand the definitions of text and narrative to include features found in Mixtec screenfolds; (3) to critique "direct-historical" models of historiography in order to reveal their limitations and artificiality; and (4) to provide an expandable database on Mixtec history that can be used as a research and teaching tool.
THEATER FOR SOCIAL CHANGE IN THE PUNJAB STATE OF INDIA by S u k h w a n t H u n d al
This thesis is about the theater for social change (TSC) in the Punjab State of India. It looks at how the TSC is being carried on and what is its importance in the process of social change in Punjab. The analytical framework used in this thesis contends that the role of TSC is to make people aware of their oppressive reality as well as to explore with them the various ways and means to change this reality. On the basis of this contention, this thesis examines and analyzes the subject matter and the practice of TSC in Punjab. It is found that the subject matter of TSC in Punjab deals with the difficulties and problems faced by the oppressed people. To fully understand the causes of these problems, the TSC's subject matter analyzes these problems at the macro level in connection to the social, cultural, political and economic conditions of Punjab and India. The TSC is Punjab has adopted its practice according to the material conditions in Punjab. It meets its needs from resources available within society. It has close links with people and organizations, which play a crucial role in its functioning. To counter various challenges faced by TSC, on one hand, the practitioners do theater in a way that minimizes the constraints and limits resulting from these challenges and on the other hand, they work to change those conditions that give rise to these challenges.
Racial Violence in Arkansas: Lynching and Mob Rule, 1860-1930
1999
This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm m aster. UMI films th e text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, w hile others may be from any type of computer printer. T h e q u a lity o f th is reprod uction is d e p en d e n t upon th e q u a lity o f th e co py su b m itted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignm ent can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. O versize materials (e .g ., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning a t the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
2000
Acoustic bullets describe a class of solutions to the linear acoustic wave equation that remain highly localized throughout space-time. These solutions contain infinite energy, and thus cannot be produced physically. However a special class of these waveforms is time-localized and radially peaked about the axis of propagation. These localizing features suggest reasonable finite approximations may be obtained. The study concentrates on the generation of bullet signals using a five-element transducer array. An arbitrary wave form generator is used to excite an annular composite array with discrete approximations to acoustic bullet waveforms. The resulting field is imaged near the face of the transducer using an optical phase-contrast sensor at a point close to the transducer face. The acoustic field is obtained at arbitrary times by propagation and tomographic reconstruction of the optical data. The experimental field is compared with numerical results as well as standard acoustic pulses.
2002
The convents and charitable institutional buildings that two French-Canadian Catholic communities of women, the Grey Nuns and the Sisters of Providence, established between 1840 and 1960 sustained a social service network that extended from their headquarters in Montreal across Canada and the United States. Different types of buildings and site - convents, hospital, orphanages, creches, hospices, asylums, dispensaries, and schools - comprised this social and physical infrastructure during the period between the mid-nineteenth century religious revival and the eve of Vatican ll. These structures have remained unexamined within the history of architecture despite their prominence in the landscape and in society. Discovering how these institutional landscapes were organized and built not only provides insight into these ubiquitous buildings, but also the ways in which struggles over Church, State, individual and communal power were resolved in architectural terms. Taken as a series of artifacts rather than as discrete objects, the 250 buildings that the Grey Nuns and the Sisters of Providence erected and administered across North America povide an index to larger social, cultural, economic, political, and religious change in a period of industrialization. colonization, and urbanization. Because it allows us to track overall patterns, a large sample promises a better understanding of the conventual landscape than do isolated, building-specific case studies. With this extensive inventory and data collected from various archival sources and first-band documentation, we identify and interpolate trends to apprehend the ways the nuns' network was implemented and maintained. Building campaigns coincided with broader construction cycles and historical crises. Shifts in style and form of buildings reflected changes in North American attitudes towards charity as well as changes within the religious community’s own administrative structures. The analysis of the building process from the first decision to erect an edifice to its final dedication. reveals that a heterogeneous group of people who did not fit neatly into the expected triad of client, architect and builder, shaped the architecture of charity. Ultimately, through the process of building, communities of religious women not only authorized their social importance but also negotiated the terms of their gender, religious, class, ethnic and sexual identities.
Past, Present, and Future: History and Memory in New York City, 1800-1860
The first half of the nineteenth century saw New York City rise from a relatively small city to the largest metropolis in North America. The changes that affected the United States, from economic to demographic to cultural, first appeared in New York. New York City was a place of change and progress. At the same time, a new concern with the history of the City and concern with preservation arose. This study will examine how the need to balance preservation with change, the need to create an identity for New York, and the need to set New York's place in the nation, were explored in the early historical discourse surrounding New York, from formal chronicles to acts of preservation. I have examined the preservation and publication efforts of the New-York Historical Society, Washington Irving's Knickerbocker History and its affect on New York culture, local histories of New York City and State, and the controversies surrounding the removal of the City's burial grounds in order to explore these issues. Themes of civic memory, the relationship between public and private, ideas of a usable past, and the relationship between myth and history run throughout this material. The historical discourse surrounding the New York of today was shaped by the historical discourse of the early nineteenth century. (Unpublished dissertation, UCI 2002)