Vapor-Phase Metalation by Atomic Layer Deposition in a Metal–Organic Framework (original) (raw)

A Review on Metal- Organic Frameworks (MOFS), Synthesis, Activation, Characterisation, and Application

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry

A myriad of MOFs reported in the literature are made up of transition metal ions (nodes), single or in clusters, braced by organic supports or ligands. But there are other MOFs in which the central metal are non-transition elements. MOFs are prepared by the combination of inorganic and organic building units to give materials with high porosity, and other unique properties. Due to MOFs unique structural topographies, they find applications in diverse areas such as gas adsorption, gas purification and separation, catalysis, and in drug delivery. In this review article, the design and methods for MOFs synthesis, MOFs- activation, characterization, as well as organic linkers used for the making of MOFs are discussed. Furthermore the shortage of MOFs research based on silicon-containing aryl building units as well as boron-containing building units in comparison to carbon-containing building units are highlighted. We hope that this review will help researchers, industrialists and academ...

Metal-Organic Framework-Based Engineered Materials—Fundamentals and Applications

Molecules

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a fascinating class of porous crystalline materials constructed by organic ligands and inorganic connectors. Owing to their noteworthy catalytic chemistry, and matching or compatible coordination with numerous materials, MOFs offer potential applications in diverse fields such as catalysis, proton conduction, gas storage, drug delivery, sensing, separation and other related biotechnological and biomedical applications. Moreover, their designable structural topologies, high surface area, ultrahigh porosity, and tunable functionalities all make them excellent materials of interests for nanoscale applications. Herein, an effort has been to summarize the current advancement of MOF-based materials (i.e., pristine MOFs, MOF derivatives, or MOF composites) for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and biocatalysis. In the first part, we discussed the electrocatalytic behavior of various MOFs, such as oxidation and reduction candidates for different types of ...

Metal-Organic Frameworks, a New Playground for clean energy and environment

The Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2021

As a class of versatile porous materials, MOFs have shown enormous potential for adsorption for environmental remediation and fuel purification. To efficiently remove harmful gases, it is not sufficient to use MOFs of the appropriate size/shape of the pores, and other more specific interactions between harmful adsorbents and the host are desirable. Most of the harmful gases are highly reactive. The adsorption of these gases often degrades the porous structures of MOFs. However, much progress has been made in the last few years to develop very persistent organic frameworks. Certainly more and more fundamental studies will appear in this direction, which should enhance the practical application of this type of new porous material for air purification and related fields in the future. MOFs contain multiple functional groups, conjugate bonds, and metal ions that can help for understanding the interactions between MOFs and pollutants and hense increase the adsorption efficiency. MOFs suf...

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Recent Advances in Synthetic Methodologies and Some Applications

Chemical Methodologies, 2019

The pursuit of rapid development in the area of catalysis, solar energy, environmental remediation, wastewater treatment and other aspects of ecological and sustainable chemistry has prompted substantial research by material chemists, physicists, academics and other scientists for the development of porous material. A lot of energy had been invested in this course by scientist, research organizations and public sector agencies from antiquity, but the resulting solution has been somewhat undesirable until two decades ago when Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) appears to offer a glimpse of solution to those challenging issues. The adaptability, flexibility, uniqueness and usability of the metal-organic frameworks material, and its suitability to every facet of scientific and technological advancement has since triggered an incredible upsurge in studies aimed at uncovering more of the inherent influential properties of the materials, and its improvement for the betterment of material science and research world. This review is aimed at investigating some of the recent advancements/ breakthrough in metal-organic frameworks, synthetic methodologies and impending applications

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Metal-organic frameworks have attracted extraordinary amounts of research attention, as they are attractive candidates for numerous industrial and technological applications. Their signature property is their ultrahigh porosity, which however imparts a series of challenges when it comes to both constructing them and working with them. Securing desired MOF chemical and physical functionality by linker/node assembly into a highly porous framework of choice can pose difficulties, as less porous and more thermodynamically stable congeners (e.g., other crystalline polymorphs, catenated analogues) are often preferentially obtained by conventional synthesis methods. Once the desired product is obtained, its characterization often requires specialized techniques that address complications potentially arising from, for example, guest-molecule loss or preferential orientation of microcrystallites. Finally, accessing the large voids inside the MOFs for use in applications that involve gases can be problematic, as frameworks may be subject to collapse during removal of solvent molecules (remnants of solvothermal synthesis). In this paper, we describe synthesis and characterization methods routinely utilized in our lab either to solve or circumvent these issues. The methods include solvent-assisted linker exchange, powder X-ray diffraction in capillaries, and materials activation (cavity evacuation) by supercritical CO2 drying. Finally, we provide a protocol for determining a suitable pressure region for applying the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis to nitrogen isotherms, so as to estimate surface area of MOFs with good accuracy.