Fruit and Vegetable Purchasing Patterns and Preferences in South Delhi (original) (raw)
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2014
Food security exists only when all people, at all times have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their daily dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life (FAO 1996) [1]. The national average food consumption from food balance sheets, shows that in developing countries, the availability of calories rose from 2054 per capita per day in 1964-66 to 2681 in1997-99 [2]. According to FAOSTAT, in 1967, in developing countries, of the 2059 total calorie intake, 1898 (92%) calories came from vegetable and 161 (8%) calories came from animal sources but in 1997-99 of the total 2681 calories consumed, 2344 (87%) came of vegetable origin and 337(13%) from animal sources indicating an apparent shift towards more expensive foods. The annual food balance sheet of the FAO (FAOSTAT 2012) provides national data on food availability including production, imports, exports and utilization by commodity [3]. However, the average per capita supply of energy, protein, and fat derived from this do not correspond to actual per capita availability of these nutrients at the regional and local levels. These need to be studied at the household level to understand the socioeconomic factors determining access at the individual level. Paediatrics Section Assessment of consumption Of the several methods employed to assess dietary intakes, food frequency questionnaires, food records, and 24 hour diet recall are the three most common ones [4]. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) is a limited checklist of foods and beverages with a frequency response to report how often each item was consumed over specified periods of time [5]. Calculations for nutrient intake can then be estimated via computerized software programs. In non-quantitative FFQs, portion size information is not collected and in general are less sensitive to measures of absolute intake for specific nutrients. On the other hand, in food record or food diaries document a detailed description of the types and amounts of food, beverage and/or supplements are documented over a prescribed period, usually 3 to 7 days. Participants may be asked to weigh and measure food items and, if used correctly, they are not dependent upon the participant's memory. However, the act of recording dietary intake may alter eating behavior which is considerably a disadvantage in measuring "usual intake". Food diary has limited use in many populations because the method puts substantial burden upon the participant, is expensive to code and analyze due to the cost of skilled personnel, computer hardware and software, and requires
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2014
Food security exists only when all people, at all times have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their daily dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life (FAO 1996) [1]. The national average food consumption from food balance sheets, shows that in developing countries, the availability of calories rose from 2054 per capita per day in 1964-66 to 2681 in1997-99 [2]. According to FAOSTAT, in 1967, in developing countries, of the 2059 total calorie intake, 1898 (92%) calories came from vegetable and 161 (8%) calories came from animal sources but in 1997-99 of the total 2681 calories consumed, 2344 (87%) came of vegetable origin and 337(13%) from animal sources indicating an apparent shift towards more expensive foods. The annual food balance sheet of the FAO (FAOSTAT 2012) provides national data on food availability including production, imports, exports and utilization by commodity [3]. However, the average per capita supply of energy, protein, and fat derived from this do not correspond to actual per capita availability of these nutrients at the regional and local levels. These need to be studied at the household level to understand the socioeconomic factors determining access at the individual level. Paediatrics Section Assessment of consumption Of the several methods employed to assess dietary intakes, food frequency questionnaires, food records, and 24 hour diet recall are the three most common ones [4]. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) is a limited checklist of foods and beverages with a frequency response to report how often each item was consumed over specified periods of time [5]. Calculations for nutrient intake can then be estimated via computerized software programs. In non-quantitative FFQs, portion size information is not collected and in general are less sensitive to measures of absolute intake for specific nutrients. On the other hand, in food record or food diaries document a detailed description of the types and amounts of food, beverage and/or supplements are documented over a prescribed period, usually 3 to 7 days. Participants may be asked to weigh and measure food items and, if used correctly, they are not dependent upon the participant's memory. However, the act of recording dietary intake may alter eating behavior which is considerably a disadvantage in measuring "usual intake". Food diary has limited use in many populations because the method puts substantial burden upon the participant, is expensive to code and analyze due to the cost of skilled personnel, computer hardware and software, and requires
Indian journal of community health, 2013
Food habits and choices in India are shifting due to many factors: changing food markets, fast urbanization, food price inflation, uncertain food production and unequal distribution during the past decade. This study aims to explore food acquisition and intra-household consumption patterns in urban low and middle income (LMI) households in Delhi. Twenty households were randomly selected from the Center for Cardio-metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) surveillance study. Data were derived from 20 questionnaires administered to women responsible for food preparation, four key-informant-interviews, and 20 in-depth interviews with household heads during September-November 2011. STATA and ATLAS.ti software were used for data analysis. Half of the households spent at least two-thirds of their income on food. The major expenditures were on vegetables (22% of total food expenditure), milk and milk products (16%), and cereal and related products (15%). Income, food prices, food pref...
Inadequate Fruits and Vegetables Intake: A Cross-Sectional Study from Rural Haryana
Background: Usual diet pattern in our area with consumption of processed foods high in refined starch, sugar, salt and unhealthy fats, cheaply and readily available and less frequently fruits and vegetables that too in inadequate amount. Aims & objectives: To determine the prevalence and correlates of inadequate fruits and vegetables intake among the rural community of block Beri, district Jhajjar, Haryana. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out during the period of September 2012 to August 2013. Multistage random sampling was used in this study. 90 individuals of 15-64 years age group who were further subdivided into 15-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 years age-group were selected and interviewed. Appropriate statistical tests were used for analysis. Results: In our study the prevalence of inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (servings <5/day taking one serving of 80 grams each for fruits and vegetables) was found to be 96.6% (males-96.5% and females-96.7%), which revealed that only 3.4% of study participants were consuming adequate fruits and vegetables (servings ≥5/day) (males-3.5% and females-3.3%). Conclusion: Adequate diet in form of fruits and vegetables is essential to curb the deadly menace of Non Communicable Diseases.