Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride (original) (raw)

It is known that resistance of bacteria is one of the major issues in drug treatment. To cope this issue, it is required to synthesize new analogues which contest against mutated bacteria. This research study included synthesis of several derivatives of moxifloxacin by adding different phenol and alkyl halide at third position of carboxylic group with esterification reaction and the structures of synthesized derivatives were characterized by spectroscopic techniques i.e. 1H NMR, FT-IR and mass-spectrometry. In continuation, antimicrobial activities of the analogues were also evaluated against number of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The experimental results of novel derivatives exhibit significant antibacterial and antifungal profile in which so many synthesized derivatives influenced a similar and enhanced activity against selected microbes that were S. typhi, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. flexneri, B. subtilis as compared to the moxifloxacin. Moreover, few inno...

A series of carboxamide derivatives of moxifloxacin has been synthesized. The synthesized derivatives has been characterization by using spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Vis, IR, H1NMR and Mass spectra, which suggested that incoming group has occupied azabicylo groups of selected moxifloxacin at 7th position. Antimicrobial screening has been systematically carried out against various gram-positive, Gram-negatives and fungi in comparison with parent drug. Enzymatic assay were also performed. The results obtained were statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA. The antimicrobial results reveals that the synthesized derivative of moxifloxacin possess good activities against B. subtilis, F. solani, T. rubrum and P. aeruginosa concluding that derivatives are more potent antimicrobial agents as compared to parent drug. While compound B1 solely possess mild enzymatic activity against urease whereas, no other compounds is active against both urease and carbonic anhydrase.

Partition coefficients of moxifloxacin in liposomes of dimyristoyl-L-α-phosphatidylcholine or dimyristoyl-L-α-phosphatidylglycerol and water were determined by spectrophotometry and fluorimetry. The K p values obtained were larger than those reported for most of the other fluoroquinolones, a consequence of the structural changes observed in the molecule of moxifloxacin, which in turn change its acid/base properties. Introduction of a methoxy group at position 8 and a diazabicyclonyl ring at position 7 in the basic fluoroquinolone structure alters the charge distribution at the physiological pH of 7.4, and these changes seem to be responsible for its improved antibacterial potency and broader spectrum of activity. Location studies have also been performed using fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies. The results show that moxifloxacin must be located near the phospholipid headgroups, similar to other fluoroquinolones, but contributions from a hydrophobic component were also detected. These results suggest that the enhanced activity of this drug may be related to a more facilitated entrance into the bacterial cell, perhaps including a mediator step involving electrostatic interaction with a hydrophobic component; this step then controls the extent or orientation of insertion and improves the electrostatic interaction.

FIN resulted in ~55% yield. Characterization of FIN included elucidation of the chemical and crystal structure, determination of solubility (mg/mL; 5.5 (pH 7), 1.9 (pH 4.5)) and ionisation constants (pK a1 =5.6, pK a2 =7.8). FIN MICs (mg/L) against E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 29213 were 0.06 and 0.25 (pH 7.2) and 0.008 and 0.06 (pH 5.8), respectively. Conclusions: FIN displays exceptional antibacterial activity at low pH,-quinolinecarboxylic acid (II), followed by crystallization to the hydrochloride in two steps with a ~55% overall yield. The two components, MOPY (I) and Cyano-FQA (II) were prepared in 7-step syntheses each, with ~25% yield and 30% yield, respectively. The synthesis of MOPY (I) started from 2-butendiol (1) and p-toluenesulfonamide to form 1-tosylpyrroline (2), which was converted into epoxide (3) by 3-chloro-perbenzoic acid. Chirality was introduced by opening the epoxide ring with (S)-1-phenylethylamine and retrieval of the desired diastereomere (4) by crystallization. Oxo-morpholine (5) was synthesized by acylation of (4) with chloro-acetylchloride and subsequent cyclization. (5) was reduced to (6) with a sodium borhydride bortrifluoride-THF-complex prior to de-tosylation to (7) and final hydrogenation to MOPY (I). The Cyano-FQA (II) synthesis started with fluoro-m-xylene (8) reacting to (9), which was chlorinated to form hepta-chloro-xylene (10) under UV-irradiation. Starting from (10) formylbenzoic acid (11) and the corresponding cyanobenzoic acid (12) were subsequently formed before cyano-benzoyl-chloride (13) resulted from reacting with thionylchloride. Esterification of (13) with β-ethyl-3-dimethylaminoacrylate (β-DAASE), reaction with cyclopropyl-amine followed by cyclization lead to (14), which after acidic ester-hydrolysis yielded Cyano-FQA (II). Physicochemical characterisation: Chemical and physical properties of FIN (III) were determined by 1-and 2D-NMR as well as X-ray crystal analysis, using standard methods. Polymorphism studies comprised spectroscopical (IR, Raman, X-ray powder diffraction), thermal (differential scanning cloriometry, thermomicroscopy, thermogravimetry) and hygroscopical (dynamic vapor sorption) analysis of various crystallization experiments (phase

A Simple, rapid, and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of a fluoroquinolone antibiotic: moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MXF), in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations. This method is based on the formation of ion-pair complex between the basic drug (MXF), and acid dye; bromocresol green (BCG). The formed complex was measured at 430 nm by using chloroform as solvent. The analytical parameters and their effects are investigated. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 0.803 – 12.846 µg/mL, with correlation coefficient R 2 = 0.9999. The average recovery of Moxifloxacin was between 98.35 and 102.80%. The limit of detection was 9.3 ng/mL and limit of quantification was 27.9 ng/mL. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of the studied drugs in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations.