Chemical Investigation of decanted and hydrophilic fractions of Salvia sclarea essential oil (original) (raw)
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Comparison of Salvia sclarea L. Essential Oil Components in Wild and Field Population
Aerial parts of Salvia sclarea were collected in full flowering stage from natural sites on June 2011. Also, the seeds of this plant cultivated in research farm on November 2011. Aerial parts of the cultivated plants harvested at full flowering stage. The essential oils (Eos) obtained by hydro-distillation of dried aerial parts and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Fifty components were characterized for cultivated plants with linalyl acetate (35.9%), germacrene D (13.3%), linalool (12.8%) and sclareol (9.27%) dominating constituents, 45 constituents were identified for wild plants with linalyl acetate (34.0%), linalool (18.5%), germacrene D (10.0%) and sclareol (8.7%) as the major constituents.
Acta poloniae pharmaceutica
In this paper, comparison of the volatile components composition in the samples obtained by hydrodistillation and solid-phase microextraction of Salvia officinalis was described. Different sample preparation techniques showed considerable differences in volatiles composition, especially with respect to sesqui- and diterpenoids. The comparison of the sage essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation in the Deryng and Clevenger type apparatus, according to the pharmacopoeial methods (FP VI and VII), showed the presence of the same terpenoids in both essential oils, however, the relative percentage composition of the components were different. These differences are caused by the different extraction times used in both methods. Since each essential oil to be admitted to medicinal use should meet requirements regarding the composition of major chemical components, the minimum time for the hydrodistillation of the essential oils from sage should be 1 h.
Comparison of the essential oil components in wild and cultivate population of Salvia virgata
Aerial parts of S. virgata were collected in the full flowering stage from natural sites in Sepidan (Fars province) and cultivated in the research farm of the Sadra city in Fars province in 2012. The essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation of dried aerial parts and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. In cultivated plants 46 constituents, representing 100% of the oils, respectively, were identified. (E)-Caryophyllene (37.0), Caryophyllene oxide (15.2), Phytol (6.1), Spathulenol (5.0), Germacrene D (4.0), Sabinene (3.9) were found to be the major constituents. In wild plants 45 constituents, representing 98.9 of the oils, respectively, were identified (E)-Caryophyllene (38.1), Caryophyllene oxide (18.6), Bicyclogermacrene (9.0), Spathulenol (7.4), Phytol (4.0), Germacrene D (3.3) were found to be the major constituents.
Chemical composition of essential oils from some Salvia species
Phytotherapy Research, 1998
The essential oils from Salvia aurea L., Salvia ianthina Otto et A. Dietr., Salvia iodantha Fernald and Salvia cinnabarina M. Martens et Galeotti were analysed by means of GC/MS. A total of 89 components were identified and the variation of composition during the year of the first three species was studied.
Natural product communications, 2009
The chemical compositions of the essential oils of Salvia potentillifolia (Lamiaceae) were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The oils were obtained by four different methods (hydrodistillation, steam distillation, and two extraction methods) to investigate the effect of temperature on the volatile compounds. In total, 121 components were detected in the various oils. The major compounds characterized were alpha-pinene (30.2, 31.2, 10.6, and 14.8%) and beta-pinene (15.0, 14.6, 7.6, and 11.4%), respectively. Surprisingly, the percentage concentrations of alpha-pinene and beta-pinene in the hydrodistilled and steam distilled oils were high, even though prepared at high temperature, whereas the contents of both compounds were lower in the essential oils obtained by the extraction methods prepared without added heat. The percentage concentration of 8,13-epoxy-labda-14-en-2-one, a diterpenoid, in the extracted essential oil was 22 times higher than in the hydrodistilled and steam distilled essent...
Natural Science and Discovery, 2015
Objective: The essential oil composition of two Salvia taxa (Salvia sclarea and Salvia verticillata subsp. verticillata) analysed and yield of compositions were analysed Material and Methods: The essential oil was extracted by hydro distillation using a modified Clevenger apparatus coupled to a 2 L round-bottom flask. A total of 100 g of fresh plant material (aerial parts) and 1 L of water were used for the extraction. Gas chromatography / Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were applied to extracts. Results: The essential oil yields of Salvia sclarea and Salvia verticillata L. subsp. verticillata were found as 0.4 and 0.3 %v/w, respectively. Overall, thirty seven compounds which accounted for 97.9% in Salvia sclarea and seventy four constituents, which accounted for 98.6% of the total compositions of each oil are determined in Salvia verticillata L. subsp. verticillata. The spathulenol (19%), caryophyllene oxide (15.5%), linolyl acetate (11.3%) and linalool L (8.5%) were the major compounds of Salvia sclarea and the germacrene D (13.8%), spathulenol (10%) and limonene (4.5%), 1.8-cineole (4.5%) were the main compounds of the Salvia verticillata L. subsp. Verticillata Conclusion: spathulenol was found as major compound for both Salvia sclarea and Salvia verticillata subsp. verticillata while, the other main components were not showed similarity
Composition of the Essential Oils from Salvia Dominica L. and Salvia Hormium L. Grown in Jordan
Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013
In Jordan, Salvia dominica L. is widely distributed while Salvia hormium L. is scarcely found. The objective of this study was to determine the volatile oil composition of the fresh and dried aerial parts of these two species, collected during flowering time. The hydrodistilled volatile oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The volatile oil of fresh and dry S. dominica was composed mainly of oxygenated monoterpenes (79.0% and 68.1%, respectively). The major components detected in the oils of fresh and dry S. dominica L. were linalool (31.4% and 18.3%, respectively) and alpha terpineol (25.4% and 15%, respectively). Mono-and sesquiterpenoids were detected in the volatile oils of fresh and dry S. hormium in nearly equal amounts. Alpha cadinene (7.8% and 11.4%, respectively) was the predominant constituent in oils obtained from fresh and dry plants. Eugenol (7.3%) was found only in the volatile oil of fresh S. hormium.
Chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of salvia L. species
Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2009
Neste trabalho os óleos essenciais de S. officinalis, S. sclarea, S. lavandulifolia e Salvia sp. foram analisados quimicamente por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrômetro de massas. A atividade antimicrobiana dos óleos essenciais foi testada contra 10 microrganismos utilizando o método de difusão em discos e através da determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM). Cânfora, α -e ß-thujone e 1,8-cineol foram os compostos majoritários identificados na maioria dos óleos essenciais, exceto para S. sclarea, em que linalol, acetato de linalil e α-terpineol foram os compostos majoritários identificados. As atividades antimicrobianas apresentaram diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) somente quando obtidas pelo método CIM. Microorganismos gram-positivos apresentaram grande sensibilidade para os óleos essenciais. A menor CIM foi observada para o Staphylococcus aureus quando exposto a 2,31 mg.mL -1 de óleo essencial de S. lavandulifolia, enquanto que a maior CIM foi observada para Shigella flexneri exposta a 9,25 mg.mL -1 do mesmo óleo essencial, provando que este óleo constitui-se em um eficiente agente bacteriostático contra microrganismos gram-positivos. Palavras-chave: Salvia; óleos essenciais; atividade antimicrobiana; caracterização química.
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2016
This study reports the essential oils chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of the leaves and flowers of Salvia sclarea. GC and GC-MS analysis of the plant essential oils led to the identification of 34 components making 99.99 % of its oils. The main constituents of the essential oils were germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide, eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol and limonene constituting 54.28-65.92 % of the oils. Total phenolic contents of methanol extracts of flowers and leaves, as Gallic acid equivalents, were 116.22 and 106.72 μg/mg respectively. The extracts from the flowers and leaves showed moderate to good antioxidant activities in 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test (IC 50 = 73.00 and 81.33 μg/mg respectively) and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay (inhibition percentages=40.25 % and 47.58 % respectively), but the essential oils showed low antioxidant activity in these tests. On the other hand, essential oils and extracts of the plants showed moderate to good antimicrobial activity against most of the tested microorganisms.