Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and their Antibacterial Property (original) (raw)
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Green Synthesis, Morphology and Antimicrobial Activity of Copper Nanoparticles, a Review
2020
Copper nanoparticles received much attention due to its high electrical conductivity, high melting point, low electrochemical migration behavior and low cost. This review focuses on the distinct features of synthesis of copper nanoparticles by various methods. A detailed study of reduction of copper ion into copper nanoparticles mediated through chemical and most efficient green synthesis method ware demonstrated with brief experimental procedures. Some method requires external reducing capping and stabilizing agent for synthesis where as other uses radiation source. The synthesize nanoparticles with different size and shapes like cubes, triangular, wires etc. ware characterized through U-V visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), and high resolution Transmission Electron spectroscopy (TEM). Nanoparticles ware comparatively analyzed for their absorbance, stabilization of bond, particle size in nanometer and particle shapes contributing configuration respectively. The Clinical significance of copper nanoparticles conferring the antimicrobial activity was studied with the zone of inhibition produced by some pathogenic gram positive and gram negative bacteria and fungus respectively. This review emphasis the ecofriendly, cost effective, nonhazardous and green method of synthesis nanoparticles by using different plant part extracts which overcomes the other chemical method with all the way.
International Research Journal of Pharmacy
The synthesis of metal nanoparticles has received much attention due to their wide range of applications. Copper nanoparticles, due to their interesting properties, low cost preparation and many potential applications in catalysis, microbial activity, cooling fluid or conductive inks, have attracted a lot of interest in recent years. This research is carried out to compare the stability and antibacterial activity of the biologically and chemically synthesized copper nanoparticles of two different nanometer ranges. In the chemical synthesis of copper nanoparticles copper sulphate is used as the precursor, ascorbic acid (natural vitamin C) was employed as a reducing agent and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used as a capping agent whereas in biological synthesis the high medicinally valued Aqueous Root bark extract of Sansevieria trifasciata acts both as a reducing as well as the capping agent. The synthesized Cu-NPs were analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements were taken to investigate the size, structure and composition of synthesized Cu Nano crystals, respectively. Antibacterial effect against different strains of microbial species and the zone of inhibition of growth of microbes are also investigated.
Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology, 2017
Synthesis of Cu nanoparticles using chemical route offers a competitive alternative approach over the common biological and physical procedures. In this study, simple, economical, convenient and environmentally-friendly chemical reduction technique was used for the production of Cu nanoparticles from CuCl 2 .2H 2 O solution using L-ascorbic acid as reducing and capping agent. The effects of concentration of precursor salt and ascorbic acid, reaction time and reaction temperature on the synthesis of Cu nanoparticles were studied. The optical properties of the synthesized Cu nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy while the crystallinity of synthesized Cu nanoparticles was verified with the help of X-ray diffraction analysis. The antimicrobial activity of Cu nanoparticles was determined by Agar disc diffusion method against some selected species of bacteria: two gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes) and two gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The UV-Vis spectrum of solution of Cu nanoparticles showed a characteristic peak at 423 nm that confirms the preparation of Copper nanoparticles. Moreover, FT-IR spectroscopy was performed to detect the binding effect of ascorbic acid on Cu nanoparticles, and its result indicated that ascorbic acid could prevent oxidation and agglomeration. The findings revealed that Cu nanoparticles formed at a concentration of 3mM Cu-Cl 2 .2H 2 O solution and 4 mM ascorbic acid exhibited an excellent zone of growth inhibition for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, 16.83+0.42 and 15.50+0.89mm, respectively.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of copper nanoparticles
Materials Letters, 2012
Copper nanoparticles were synthesized using modified polyol method by the reduction of copper acetate hydrate in the presence of Tween 80 by refluxing between 190°and 200°C. The X-ray diffraction pattern was used to analyze the formations of phase and crystal structure. The antimicrobial activity was carried out against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fungus like Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The copper nanoparticles showed more inhibitory activity in bacteria than the fungus and it also showed more zone of inhibition in E.coli (26 mm) than C. albicans (23 mm).
Potential Antibacterial Activity of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles and its Characterization
International Journal of Current Research and Review, 2021
Introduction and Objective: Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles are one of the most significant transition metal oxides in the burgeoning area of nanotechnology due to their intriguing features. Because of its simplicity, eco-friendliness, and potential as next-generation antibiotics, its synthesis using green chemistry principles is gaining traction. Cost-effectiveness, lower toxicity, and remarkable broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against a range of bacteria through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release of copper ions. Materials and Methods: For CuO Nanoparticles synthesis Copper sulfate was used as starting material and its reduction was carried by Coriander Leaf Extract from Cu2+ to Cu0 The synthesized Cu nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible, FTIR and XRD methods. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated particle sizes in the range of 10-15 nm. CuO nanoparticles demonstrated antimicrobial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including MRSA. Time kill determination assay was done. Results: According to TEM energy dispersive spectroscopy, the copper to oxygen element ratio is 54.18 per cent to 45.26 per cent. Most resistant human pathogenic strains, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, showed significant inhibitory action (p0.0001). With a 31.66 mm zone of inhibition, the maximum effectiveness was recorded against Bacillus cereus. The addition of a sub-MIC concentration [broth dilution technique] of nano CuO reduced all populations to zero by 4 h. Conclusion: Studies of CuO nanoparticles suggest the release of ions may be required for optimum killing.
Investigations into the antibacterial behavior of copper nanoparticles against Escherichia coli
Annals of Microbiology, 2010
Zerovalent copper nanoparticles (Cu0) of 12 nm size were synthesized using an inert gas condensation method in which bulk copper metal was evaporated into an inert environment of argon with subsequent cooling for nucleation and growth of nanoparticles. Crystalline structure, morphology and estimation of size of nanoparticles were carried out by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles against the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli was assessed in liquid as well as solid growth media. It was observed from scanning electron microscopic analysis that the interaction of copper nanoparticles with E. coli resulted in the formation of cavities/pits in the bacterial cell wall. The antibacterial property of copper nanoparticles was attributed mainly to adhesion with bacteria because of their opposite electrical charges, resulting in a reduction reaction at the bacterial cell wall. Nanoparticles with a larger surface-to-volume ratio provide more efficient means for antibacterial activity.
Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2016
The interest in synthesising inorganic nanomaterials for biological applications has increased in recent years, especially for antibacterial purposes. In the present study, spherical and cube-shaped copper nanoparticles were synthesised by a chemical reduction method and their efficacy as antimicrobial agents against both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Enterococcus sp) organisms investigated. The nanoparticles were characterised using ultra-violet/visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energydispersive spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. Copper nanocubes were found to be more antimicrobial when compared with copper nanospheres and it is postulated that whilst both sets of nanoparticles have similar total surface areas, the different shapes have different active facets and surface energies, which may lead to differing bactericidal behaviour.
Materials Letters, 2014
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized using different types of copper salts (copper acetate, copper chloride, and copper sulfate) and reducing agents (NaOH and ascorbic acid). The resulting solutions exhibited the maximum absorption peaks between 250-350 nm, which was caused by the change in the surface Plasmon resonance of CuNPs and clearly indicated the formation of CuNPs. The results of FE-SEM exhibited that the CuNPs of various shapes and size, depended upon the type of copper salts and reducing agents used. The FTIR results demonstrated the involvement of bioactive functional groups as reducing and capping agents. XRD spectra confirmed the crystalline nature of CuNPs. Furthermore, all the CuNPs exhibited strong 2 antimicrobial activity against both, Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogenes) and Gramnegative (Escherichia coli) food-borne pathogens.
Nanotechnology, 2012
A method for preparation of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) was developed by simple reduction of CuCl 2 in the presence of gelatin as a stabilizer and without applying stringent conditions like purging with nitrogen. The NPs were characterized by spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The particles were about 50-60 nm in size and highly stable. The antibacterial activity of this Cu-NP on Gram-negative Escherichia coli was demonstrated by the methods of agar plating, flow cytometry and phase contrast microscopy. The minimum inhibitory concentration (3.0 µg ml −1 ), minimum bactericidal concentration (7.5 µg ml −1 ) and susceptibility constant (0.92) showed that this Cu-NP is highly effective against E. coli at a much lower concentration than that reported previously. Treatment with Cu-NPs made E. coli cells filamentous. The higher the concentration of Cu-NPs, the greater the population of filamentous cells; average filament size varied from 7 to 20 µm compared to the normal cell size of ∼2.5 µm. Both filamentation and killing of cells by Cu-NPs (7.5 µg ml −1 ) also occurred in an E. coli strain resistant to multiple antibiotics. Moreover, an antibacterial effect of Cu-NPs was also observed in Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, for which the values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were close to that for E. coli.
Copper Nanoparticles as Antibacterial Agents
Journal of Molecular Pharmaceutics & Organic Process Research, 2018
Although antibiotics can treat most bacterial infections, development of microbial resistance restricts the advantages of the antibacterial agents in controlling infectious diseases. This is a major challenge that poses a serious threat prompting the search for alternative strategies to treat bacterial infections. Nanotechnology as an emerging field has been extensively used to overcome microbial resistance due to specific properties of nanoparticles such as increased drug uptake and high surface area to volume ratio. The metallic particles in nanoscale have demonstrated antibacterial activity against various bacterial species, including Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria, and fungi. Recently, copper nanoparticles have been widely investigated for use in fighting microbial infections. This article tries to briefly summarize the current studies related to the antibacterial properties of the copper nanoparticles. The reviewed papers reveal that the copper nanoparticles possess potent antimicrobial activities and can be used for controlling and treating different infectious diseases in the future.