Energy distributions of Ga+ and In+ secondary ions sputtered from AIIIBV compound semiconductors by noble gas ions: Mass-dependence of the high-energy yield on the second component (P, As, Sb) of the compounds (original) (raw)

2003, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

Experimental and simulated energy distributions of Ga þ and In þ secondary ions produced by 4 keV Ne þ , Ar þ and Kr þ bombardment of the A III B V semiconductors (GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs and InSb) are reported. The measurements were carried out for a wide range of initial energy (up to 1000 eV) in a small solid angle along the surface normal, without applying electric field to extract the ions into the mass-energy analyser. It is shown that the energy spectra are complex, with evident high-energy hump, whose relative intensity increases with the mass of the second component (P, As, Sb) of the compound. The Sigmund-Thompson distribution cannot fit reliably these data, and a satisfactory approximation of the measured spectra was obtained with a sum of two decaying exponential functions to describe the contribution of both, the isotropic linear collision cascades and the outward knock-on atoms. The experimental results are compared with simulations based on the MARLOWE computer code.

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MARISS study on ion yields of Ne+ scattered from III–V compound semiconductors

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2004

Experiments are reported on the ion yields versus the incident energy (0.6-1.6 keV) of Ne þ scattered at 120°from Ga and In atoms on the surface of III-V semiconductors (GaP, GaAs, InP, InAs). The measurements were performed using mass-resolved ion-scattering spectrometry. The energy dependencies of Ne þ on Ga(In) for the compounds were found very similar to those measured for pure gallium and indium samples, without any oscillatory structures in the energy range examined. Elemental sensitivity factors did not depend on the chemical environment (''no matrix effect''). The steady-state surface density of Ga atoms was estimated to be constant for both Ga compounds when the ion-beam energy changed. Similar values of the atomic density were derived for indium in the In-based compounds, but In content in the InAs exhibited a little increase at the bombarding energy below 0.8-1 keV. It was shown that for the III-V compounds, the accuracy of quantification with calibration using only Ga(In) pure standard samples depends on the assumed surface atomic density, which can be modified by the sputter-induced roughness and disordering.

Secondary ion emission from various metals and the semiconductors Si and GaAs induced by mega-electronvolt ion impact

International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes, 1993

Experiments on secondary ions ejected from six UHV cleaned metals and from Si and GaAs have been performed with Cf-fission fragments both at Darmstadt and using the Tandem accelerator in Orsay. The energy and angular distributions measured for the metal ions by means of a time-of-flight technique are explainable by linear collision sputter theory, when an ionization term is included. Deviations from this theory indicate contributions due to the electronic excitation of the collision-cascade region around the nuclear track. Also, for the semiconductors, collisional sputtering seems to be the dominant process. Doping has no influence on the secondary ion yields.

The emission process of secondary ions from solids bombarded with large gas cluster ions

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2009

We investigated the effects of size and energy of large incident Ar cluster ions on the secondary ion emission of Si. The secondary ions were measured using a double deflection method and a time-of-flight (TOF) technique. The size of the incident Ar cluster ions was between a few hundreds and several tens of thousands of atoms, and the energy up to 60 keV.

Medium energy ion scattering analysis of low energy chlorine ion bombarded gallium-arsenide

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 1989

This study looks at 35Cl+ bombardment of GaAs(001) in the energy range 300 eV to 5 keV for doses between 1012 and 2 × 1016 ions cm-2. Experimental studies using medium energy ion scattering (MEIS) in double alignment were complemented by computer simulation (IMPETUS code) of the 35Cl build up and atomic mixing processes. Clear evidence for dramatic changes in the damage buildup in the energy range 500 eV to 1 keV has been found. The contribution of the accumulated 35Cl to the number of displaced Ga and As atoms, and the effects of the analysing 105 keV H+2 beam are also discussed. It was found that 35Cl trapped in the near surface region of the GaAs, after 1 keV 35Cl+ ion bombardment, was removed from the sample as a result of bombardment by the analysing H+2 beam.

Secondary ion formation during electronic and nuclear sputtering of germanium

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2018

Using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer attached to the UNILAC beamline located at the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, we investigate the formation of secondary ions sputtered from a germanium surface under irradiation by swift heavy ions (SHI) such as 5 MeV/u Au by simultaneously recording the mass spectra of the ejected secondary ions and their neutral counterparts. In these experiments, the sputtered neutral material is post-ionized via single photon absorption from a pulsed, intensive VUV laser. After post-ionization, the instrument cannot distinguish between secondary ions and post-ionized neutrals, so that both signals can be directly compared in order to investigate the ionization probability of different sputtered species. In order to facilitate an in-situ comparison with typical nuclear sputtering conditions, the system is also equipped with a conventional rare gas ion source delivering a 5 keV argon ion beam. For a dynamically sputter cleaned surface, it is found that the ionization probability of Ge atoms and Ge n clusters ejected under electronic sputtering conditions is by more than an order of magnitude higher than that measured for keV sputtered particles. In addition, the mass spectra obtained under SHI irradiation show prominent signals of Ge n O m clusters, which are predominantly detected as positive or negative secondary ions. From the m-distribution for a given Ge nuclearity n, one can deduce that the sputtered material must originate from a germanium oxide matrix with approximate GeO stoichiometry, probably due to residual native oxide patches even at the dynamically cleaned surface. The results clearly demonstrate a fundamental difference between the ejection and ionization mechanisms in both cases, which is interpreted in terms of corresponding model calculations.

Angular distribution of Ga+ ions desorbed by 3-keV-ion bombardment of GaAs{001}-(2×4)

1991

The angular distribution of Ga+ ions desorbed from the molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown GaAsI001]-(2X4) surface by ion bombardment is presented. This distribution displays the highest degree of anisotropy, relative to the crystal direction of desorbed ions, which has been reported to date. The interpretation of the data is possible using physical arguments based on a simple geometric model of the desorption of ions from the surface. Further insight is provided by comparison to moleculardynamics simulations of the keV-ion bombardment of metal and semiconductor surfaces. The experimental and calculated distributions of Ga+ ions desorbed from the (2 X4) surface are in reasonable qualitative agreement. The results indicate that the extreme anisotropy in the angular distribution results from a direct mechanism wherein a third-layer As atom collides with a second-layer Ga atom and thereby causes the Ga atom to eject along their mutual bond axis. This mechanism has been observed previously on Si and GaAs surfaces but is not commonly observed on metal surfaces, and can be ascribed to the directional bonding and open structure of covalent crystals. Other features of the angular distribution are related to blocking and channeling of the desorbed Ga+ ions. These features indicate that there 0 is one, and only one, missing row of As& dimers for every 16 A unit-cell length along the 4X crystal direction. These results provide complementary information which is in excellent agreement with other studies of the CxaAs [001I-(2 X 4) surface.

Coincidence measurements of secondary ions and scattered ions in collision between slow Ar 6+ and a GaN(0001) surface

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2009

View the article online for updates and enhancements. Related content Secondary-ion emission from GaN(0001) and dodecanethiol/Au(111) surfaces irradiated with Ar q+ (q = 4-8) K Motohashi, M Flores and Y Kanai-Fragmentation and desorption in lowenergy highly charged ion collisions with molecules and surfaces K Motohashi-Desorption and sputtering on solid surfaces by low-energy multicharged ions K Motohashi-Recent citations Selective Sputtering of Impurity Hydrogen Atoms from a GaN(0001) Surface by Slow Multicharged Ion Impact

Dependence of scattered ion yield on the incident energy: Ne+ on pure gallium and indium

Surface Science, 2003

An experimental study of the ion yield dependence on the incident energy (0.4-2.2 keV) for Ne þ isotopes scattered at 120°from pure gallium and indium targets has been carried out by mass-resolved ion-scattering spectrometry. For both two targets, the ion yield curves exhibited a broad maximum below 0.8-1 keV (with a lower position for Ne þ on In) followed by a monotonous decrease yield without any oscillatory features. The energy dependence of ion-survival probability was explained as a complex interplay of the Auger neutralization with the characteristic velocity v c ¼ ð0:9 AE 0:1Þ Â 10 7 cm/s for Ne þ on Ga, and the collision-induced neutralization and reionization. The later ones were significant processes at the energies larger than 0.8-1.0 keV or, in terms of the distance of closest approach, d 6 0:5-0.55 A A; the collision-induced neutralization was more effective than the inverse process. No visible influence of isotope effect on charge exchange was found. The ion-survival probability versus the inverse ion velocity displayed an independence on the mass of Ne þ projectiles.

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