Preservation of the long insular artery to prevent postoperative motor deficits after resection of insulo-opercular glioma: technical case reports (original) (raw)
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Frontiers in Surgery
IntroductionVascular lesions in insular glioma surgery can severely impact patients' quality of life. This study aims to present the results of our dissections and authors’ reflections on the insular vascular anatomy.Matherials and MethodsThe insular vascularization was examined using ×3 to ×40 magnification in 20 cadaveric cerebral hemispheres in which the arteries and veins had been perfused with colored silicone.ResultsIn insular gliomas, this individualization of the anatomical structures is rarely possible, as the gyri are swollen by the tumor and lose their individuality. In the transsylvian approaches, the anatomical parameters for delimiting the insula in tumors are best provided by the superior and inferior circular sulci. The branches of the MCA are easily identified in the transcortical approach, but only at the end of the surgery after the tumor is resected.). One of the factors under-discussed in the literature is the involvement of the lenticulostriate arteries by...
Surgical Neurology International, 2017
Background: Temporary vessel occlusion of the parent artery is an essential technique for aneurysm surgery. Our aim was to clarify the safe time for temporary occlusion for aneurysm surgery, that is the "safe time duration" (STD), in which brain tissue exposed to ischemia will almost never fall into even the ischemic penumbra during temporary occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), and even transient postoperative motor impairment will be rare using intraoperative motor-evoked potentials (MEP). Methods: Twenty-four patients underwent MCA aneurysm clipping surgery with MEP monitoring for 13 ruptured aneurysms and 11 unruptured aneurysms. The duration of vessel occlusion in patients without MEP changes was measured as the STD. Average STD was calculated as 95% confidence interval for the population mean using sample data from patients with MEP changes and patients without changes. Results: All 24 patients received proximal flow control only. Five patients (20.8%) developed significant intraoperative MEP changes. Time to MEP change (i.e., STD) in these patients was 4.6 ± 2.1 min. In patients without MEP changes, STD was 2.7 ± 1.4 min. Average STD was thus 3.1 ± 0.7 min. Conclusions: The 95% lower confidence limit for average STD was 2.4 min when applying temporary occlusion on the proximal side of the MCA. This STD resembled that previously reported for temporary proximal occlusion of the internal carotid artery.
Journal of Neurosurgery, 2009
Aggressive resection of insular tumors is possible using a meticulous surgical approach based on the regional insular anatomy, with high rates of gross-total resection and low rates of permanent neurological deficits. However, the risk of postoperative morbidities remains high, often caused by disruption of the vascular supply to the surrounding eloquent structures, especially the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) that supply the internal capsule. Three-dimensional 3-T time-of-flight (TOF) MR imaging was performed pre- and postoperatively in patients with insuloopercular gliomas. This 3D 3-T TOF MR imaging clearly visualized the LSAs and the relationships with the tumor margins. These findings were confirmed intraoperatively. Three-dimensional 3-T TOF MR imaging of the LSAs in patients with insuloopercular gliomas can help to maximize the extent of resection without neurological complications, preserve the LSAs during surgery, and assist in patient selection.
Incidence and impact of stroke following surgery for low-grade gliomas
Journal of Neurosurgery, 2019
OBJECTIVEIschemic complications are a common cause of neurological deficits following low-grade glioma (LGG) surgeries. In this study, the authors evaluated the incidence, risk factors, and long-term implications of intraoperative ischemic events.METHODSThe authors retrospectively evaluated patients who had undergone resection of an LGG between 2013 and 2017. Analysis included pre- and postoperative demographic, clinical, radiological, and anesthetic data, as well as intraoperative neurophysiology data, overall survival, and functional and neurocognitive outcomes.RESULTSAmong the 82 patients included in the study, postoperative diffusion-weighted imaging showed evidence of acute ischemic strokes in 19 patients (23%), 13 of whom (68%) developed new neurological deficits. Infarcts were more common in recurrent and insular surgeries (p < 0.05). Survival was similar between the patients with and without infarcts. Immediately after surgery, 27% of the patients without infarcts and 58%...
Cureus, 2020
Neurological deterioration or new focal deficits in patients with primary brain tumors are usually related to intratumoral hemorrhage, disease progression, seizures (Todd paralysis) and, rarely, ischemic stroke. Ischemic strokes in this group of patients are usually a postoperative complication, a long-term result of radiation vasculopathy, embolic due to hypercoagulability and, less commonly, caused by vessel occlusion by an adjacent brain tumor. We report a rare case of ischemic stroke secondary to a newly diagnosed high-grade glioma and the possible mechanisms that resulted in this medical condition.
Neurosurgery, 2004
OBJECTIVE Microsurgical clipping of basilar artery aneurysms carries a risk of neurological compromise resulting from midbrain or thalamic ischemia. Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring and electroencephalography are the standard techniques for assessing the level of cerebroprotective anesthesia and monitoring ischemia during temporary occlusion or after permanent clipping. Transcranial motor evoked potential (TcMEP) monitoring was added to determine whether this modality improved intraoperative monitoring. METHODS Combined SSEP/electroencephalographic/TcMEP monitoring was used for 30 consecutive patients with basilar artery apex aneurysms in the past 1.5 years. Voltage thresholds were recorded before, during, and after aneurysm treatment for the last 10 patients. RESULTS All 30 patients underwent an orbitozygomatic craniotomy for clipping (28 patients), wrapping (1 patient), or superficial temporal artery-superior cerebellar artery bypass (1 patient). Electrophysiologic...
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1997
Motor-evoked myogenic potentials after transcranial electrical stimulation monitor the vulnerable motoneuronal system of the spinal cord. This study reports our initial experiences with motor-evoked potentials to assess the adequacy of spinal cord perfusion during operations for thoracoabdominal aneurysms. Methods: In 20 patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aneurysm operations, myogenic motor-evoked potentials were recorded. In 18 patients retrograde aortic perfusion was used. When spinal cord ischemia was detected, distal flow or mean arterial pressure was increased in an attempt to restore cord perfusion. By means of sequential crossclamping, motor-evoked potentials were also used to identify intercostal or lumbar arteries that needed to be reimplanted. Results: Reproducible motor-evoked potentials could be recorded in all patients. During retrograde perfusion, nine patients showed a rapid decrease in the amplitude of motor-evoked potentials to less than 25% of baseline, indicating spinal cord ischemia. In five patients ischemic changes in motor-evoked potentials could be reversed by increasing distal and proximal blood pressures. In four patients ischemic changes during crossclamping necessitated segmental artery reimplantation. In three of these four patients intercostal or lumbar arteries were reattached. In one patient reimplantation of segmental arteries was not possible; this patient awoke paraplegic. Segmental arteries were ligated after confirmation of intact motor-evoked potentials during aortic clamping in eight patients. None of these patients had a neurologic deficit. The absence of motor-evoked potentials at the end of the procedure always indicated a postoperative motor deficit. Conclusion: During operations for thoracoabdominal aneurysms, monitoring of motor-evoked potentials is an efl'ective technique to detect spinal cord ischemia within minutes. This modality can be used to guide the management of distal aortic perfusion techniques and may also help to identify segmental arteries that need to be reattached.