Children with paralytic poliomyelitis: a cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of parents in Zamfara state, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Knowledge, Attitude, Perception and Beliefs of Parents/Care givers About Polio Immunization
Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Gaya Local Government Area (LGA) of Kano state, in order to assess the knowledge, attitude, perception and belief towards polio immunization among parents/caregivers, and use this information to influence planning for rapid interruption of transmission of WPV in the LGA. While all adults from 6 selected settlements of the 10 wards of the LGA were considered for qualitative assessment, using Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) only mothers and fathers or care givers, in households with children less than five years of age were considered for quantitative assessment using World Health Organization (WHO)-Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) techniques used to determine polio immunisation coverage, after Immunisation Plus Days (IPDs) round in Nigeria, but with increase in the number of households sampled. The results of the study show very high level (95%) of awareness of the existence of polio vaccines and immunization exercise, despite the fact that there is gap in the belief about the protectiveness of the vaccine against poliomyelitis, as only 66% of the respondents believe that the vaccine protect against poliomyelitis. The knowledge about the protective doses of OPV is only 37% and about 51% believe that administering more than 4 doses leads to adverse effect. However, the noncompliance level stands at 20%, in which 'no care givers consent' accounts for 31%. However, it is recommended that social mobilization activities should be intensified in the communities and unmet needs of the communities should be accorded a priority.
International journal of health promotion and education, 2007
The polio eradication programme currently present in Nigeria has not resulted in the complete eradication of the disease. This has prompted an investigation into the awareness and perception of recipients of the programme in Gombe Local Government Area (LGA), Gombe State. The survey sample size was >1-22parents. These were selected via a multistage sampling system. An additional 24 parents and 6 community leaders were purposely selected to participate in focus group discussions and interviews. The results showed that while the majority of parents (353, 83.6%) believed that polio was a serious disease, only 216 (50.7%) parents believed their children were susceptible. Fifty-six per cent of respondents did not know the mode of transmission of the polio virus. The major reasons cited for reluctance to release children for polio immunisation were: 165 (39.6%) parents were worried about polio vaccine overdose, 31 (7.3%) believed the vaccine was mixed with harmful pathogens, and 172 (40.8%) felt there were too many national immunisation days and too much attention was given to polio to the detriment of other diseases. Based on these findings, there is the need for a campaign to educate parents on the nature of the polio disease, to highlight the importance ofimmunisation and to dispel negative rumours regarding the immunisation programme.
Key issues in the persistence of poliomyelitis in Nigeria: a case-control study
The Lancet. Global health, 2014
The completion of poliomyelitis eradication is a global emergency for public health. In 2012, more than 50% of the world's cases occurred in Nigeria following an unanticipated surge in incidence. We aimed to quantitatively analyse the key factors sustaining transmission of poliomyelitis in Nigeria and to calculate clinical efficacy estimates for the oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) currently in use. We used acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance data from Nigeria collected between January, 2001, and December, 2012, to estimate the clinical efficacies of all four OPVs in use and combined this with vaccination coverage to estimate the effect of the introduction of monovalent and bivalent OPV on vaccine-induced serotype-specific population immunity. Vaccine efficacy was determined using a case-control study with CIs based on bootstrap resampling. Vaccine efficacy was also estimated separately for north and south Nigeria, by age of the children, and by year. Detailed 60-day follow...
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 1983
Surveys were conducted in one urban and two rural regions of the United Republic of Cameroon to estimate the annual incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis. Three different survey methods were used: a review of hospital and clinic registers, a school survey, and a house-to-house survey. The house-to-house survey identified the highest number of lame children and gave estimates of incidence of between 18.8 and 32.6 per 100 000 population in the three regions. The estimates of incidence obtained by the two other survey methods in the urban region did not differ significantly from that obtained by house-to-house survey but, in the rural regions, were significantly lower. It is concluded that house-to-house surveys are a sensitive method of identifying lame children in both urban and rural regions. School surveys and review of hospital and clinic registers, while equally sensitive in urban regions, are less sensitive in rural regions and may significantly underestimate the annual incidence...
Articles Key issues in the persistence of poliomyelitis in Nigeria: a case-control study
2020
Summary Background The completion of poliomyelitis eradication is a global emergency for public health. In 2012, more than 50% of the world's cases occurred in Nigeria following an unanticipated surge in incidence. We aimed to quantitatively analyse the key factors sustaining transmission of poliomyelitis in Nigeria and to calculate clinical effi cacy estimates for the oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) currently in use.
Journal of Community Medicine and Health Solutions, 2021
Background: The endemic nature of poliomyelitis in Nigeria was a source of concern to many given the global efforts aimed at eradicating the scourge. In this study, the factors that influenced the eradication of this malady in South-South Nigeria (Akwa Ibom and Cross River State) were investigated. Four null hypotheses, drawn on these factors (including culture belief, religious difference, language and the prevalence of ethnic conflict) guided the investigation. The main thrust of this study was to examine how socio-cultural factors negatively influenced the eradication of polio in the study area. Methods: Through stratified random and purposive sampling techniques, 600 adult men and women who had children were selected for the study. A structured questionnaire constructed by the researcher was used in data collection. Data analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA and independent t-test statistical tools. Results: The findings were that cultural belief and religious affiliation...
Asian journal of medicine and health, 2022
Background: Immunization has been shown to be an effective technique for managing and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases, averting about two million deaths per year. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and uptake of polio vaccines among Nigerian women. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive design that involved applying an intervieweradministered questionnaire. Place of study: The impact assessment was conducted in the 11 National Stop Transmission of Poliomyelitis Program (NSTOP) intervention states in two geopolitical zones of Northern Nigeria, Northwest and Northeast. Methodology: A total of 2592 caregivers/mothers were interviewed from 262 households in the states. Data collections were done at households in all the intervention states in the two geopolitical zones. The data were analyzed with IBM-SPSS version 25.0. Results: Mothers/caregivers showed high awareness of poliomyelitis vaccines (>99%). A significantly higher proportion (58.4%) of mothers from intervention states said the recent routine immunization section was less than a month ago than 45.7% of women in non-intervention states
Determination of the level of knowledge about polio eradication efforts in a rural area in Nigeria
Nigeria is the highest reservoir of polio in the world, with northern Nigeria accounting for 98% of confirmed cases. However, pockets of paralytic poliomyelitis still occur in the southern part which informs the need to assess the knowledge of people. This is imperative because of the polio endgame, given the advocacy and orientation programmes currently underway. This study investigated the knowledge of rural dwellers about polio eradication. One hundred and twenty respondents were randomly selected from wards in the villages within the study area. Data gathered was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (p=0.05). Most respondents were females (60.8%), married (58.3%) and predominantly Christians (55.0%).Frequently used information sources were Primary Healthcare Centres (x = 1.85) and radio (x = 1.81). Although overall knowledge of polio eradication initiatives was 68.3%, most were ignorant of key symptoms like pains in the limb (51.7%) and stiffness of the neck (65.0%). There was a significant association when knowledge of polio eradication was compared between gender (X 2 = 6.47) and education (X 2 = 11.683). We recommend conventional and traditional means for dissemination of information on polio initiatives while community based approaches should be employed to overcome possible constraints to polio-information accessibility.
Rejection of Polio immunization has been a Challenge of great concern in the country especially in the Northern part of Nigeria, which resulted in the boycott of polio activities in the three Northern states including Kano, Kaduna and Zamfara. This issue was of great concern to the country and the International community as well. An evaluation of factors that will improve the uptake of polio immunization in Kauyen Alu ward of Tarauni LGA where poilo team members were shot by unknown gunmen was conducted using a sample population of 78 households. A questionnaire and interview were used, questions asked include Educational status, Occupation, awareness about the campaign, the Interpersonal Commutation of the vaccination teams, their view on polio controversy , source of information and their suggestion on ways to improve the uptake of the vaccine. Majority of the respondent were married house wives with little western education thirteen percent, (13% attended primary school). All respondents are aware of polio eradication campaign ninety nine percent (99%), only twenty eight percent (28%) know it's caused by virus, the remaining thirty seven percent (37%) attributed it to evil spirit. Eighty five percent (85%) of the respondents received polio immunization team at their residents but only sixty percent (60%) were fully immunized.. All respondents appreciated the attitude of the vaccination teams and eighty nine percent (89%) rated OPV safe. Town announcement is the major source of information sixty eight percent (68%) about sixty percent (60%) agreed polio can be eradicated through dialogue with parent and community enlightenment. Therefore in conclusion polio eradication campaign can be improved by dialogue with parents and through public enlightenment through the media stations especially the radio stations. Therefore medical education and awareness building is one important issue to keep vaccination intake into account.