longitudinal study on sleep complaints and fatigue (original) (raw)
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Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Workplace Demands, Control, Support, and Sleep Problems
SLEEP, 2000
Work, Control, Support and Sleep Problems-Magnusson Hanson et al ullary (SAM) systems might lead to impaired sleep. 10 A number of working conditions that may constitute stressors such as long work hours, shift work, high workload/demands/job strain, poor social support, effort-reward imbalance, organizational injustice, and workplace bullying have been linked to sleep problems; 11-20 whereas retirement has been shown to be followed by a substantial decrease in sleep disturbances. 21 In a survey in the US, the most frequent self-reported cause of sleeping difficulties was indeed work-related stress, 22 and an increase of work-related sleep problems has been demonstrated among the Swedish working population during the 1990s. 23 Some recent investigations using the demand-control and effort-reward imbalance models show prospective relationships between work characteristics and sleep disturbances and/or insomnia. 17,20 Thus far, however, evidence from longitudinal studies is limited, 10,16,17,20,24 and more evidence is needed to elucidate causality and the directions of the relationships. De Lange et al. recently investigated associations between job demands and control on the one hand, and sleep quality and fatigue on the other hand, and found no reverse or reciprocal patterns. 24 However, their sample consisted of a relatively young and predominantly male population. Furthermore, with fewer measurements on sleep quality and fatigue, the chance of detecting reverse or reciprocal associations was lower than of relationships in the hypothesized direction. In the present study we investigate the longitudinal relationships between the components of the demand-control-support model and sleep problems (sleep disturbances and awakening problems). The study examines both the effects of work char-INTRODUCTION About one-third of all adults in Europe have complaints of sleep problems, such as difficulties falling asleep, maintaining sleep, early morning awakenings, and non-restorative sleep several times a week. And as much as 9% of the population fulfill the criteria for an insomnia diagnosis, with complaints lasting for at least a month, accompanied by impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. 1 A core symptom of insomnia is non-restorative sleep, a subjective feeling at awakening of having had an unrestful sleep or not being refreshed upon awakening. 2 A considerable part of the population experiences non-restorative or unrefreshing sleep which is not due to lack of sleep. 2 Non-restorative sleep can thus occur independently of other insomnia symptoms. 3 Although sleep problems may be caused by health deficits, they might also precede health problems like poor mental health, 4,5 heart disease, 6 obesity, 7 diabetes, 8 and increase mortality risk. 9 Chronic stress associated with hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) and sympatho-adreno-med
Job stress and poor sleep quality: Data from an American sample of full-time workers
Social Science & Medicine, 2007
Given the associations between poor quality sleep and health, it is important to consider whether job stressors are related to sleep-related outcomes. Studies from Europe and Japan suggest that these stressors negatively impact sleep, but there are few studies of job stressors and sleep quality that draw upon large representative samples of workers in the USA. Using data collected via telephone interviews from a nationally representative random sample of 1,715 American full-time employees, this research considers three dependent variables of past-month poor sleep quality: number of days the respondent had difficulty initiating sleep, number of days of difficulty maintaining sleep, and number of days of non-restorative sleep. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate a count data model of the associations between the frequency of these three types of poor sleep quality and the job stressors of work overload, role conflict, autonomy, and repetitive tasks, while controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. The average American worker reported 5.3 days of difficulty falling asleep, 6.6 days of trouble staying asleep, and 5.0 days of trouble waking up for work in the past month. Across the three types of poor sleep quality, work overload was positively associated with the frequency of poor sleep quality. Role conflict was positively associated with difficulty initiating sleep and non-restorative sleep. Repetitive tasks were associated with more days of difficulty initiating sleep and maintaining sleep. Job autonomy was negatively associated with nonrestorative sleep. Given that sleep quality is associated with other health outcomes, future research should continue to explore the associations between job-related stressors, sleep quality, and workers' health status.
Sleep medicine, 2012
Stress as a cause of disturbed sleep is often taken for granted, but the longitudinal evidence is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate new cases of poor sleep as a function of changes in reported work demands, work control, and work preoccupation. Longitudinal study of change with measures occurring twice within a 5-year interval during a period when the prevalence of impaired sleep was increasing in Sweden. The sample of companies was taken from northern Sweden (Norrland) and included 3637 individuals from the "WOLF Norrland" longitudinal cohort, collected through company health services. During the measurement period, 16% of those studied developed new cases of impaired sleep. Logistic regressions adjusted for demographics, work environment factors, and disturbed sleep at T1 period one showed a significant increase in new cases for high work demands and high work preoccupation (OR=1.37; Ci=1.09-1.72 and OR=1.80; CI=1.42-2.28, respectively). The analysis of chan...
Work load and work hours in relation to disturbed sleep and fatigue in a large representative sample
Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2002
Objective: To study the relation between work and background factors on the one hand and disturbed sleep and fatigue on the other. Method: A representative national sample of 58,115 individuals was selected at regular intervals over a period of 20 years and interviewed on issues related to work and health. The data were subjected to a multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The number of cases was 18,828 (32.8%) for fatigue and 7347 (12.8%) for disturbed sleep. For disturbed sleep, the significant predictors became: female gender, age above 49 years, present illness, hectic work, physically strenuous work, and shift work. For fatigue, the significant predictors became female gender, age below 49 years, high socioeconomic status, present illness, hectic work, overtime work, and physically strenuous work. Conclusion: Work stress, shift work, and physical workload interfere with sleep and are related to fatigue. D
Psychosocial Job Strain and Sleep Quality Interaction Leading to Insufficient Recovery
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2013
The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of job strain and sleep quality on the diurnal pattern of cortisol reactivity, measured by awakening and evening (10 PM) saliva cortisol. The sample consisted of 76 British white-collar workers (24 women, 52 men; mean age 45.8 years). Sleep quality and job strain were assessed in a survey distributed just before the cortisol sampling. Both input variables were dichotomized about the median and factorial ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis. Low sleep quality was significantly associated with lower morning cortisol secretion. While job strain had no main effects on the cortisol reactivity there was a significant interaction effect between the input variables on morning cortisol secretion. These findings tentatively support the hypothesis that lack of sleep for workers with high job strain may result in a flattened diurnal cortisol reactivity.
Job stress and sleep disorders: findings from the Helsinki Heart Study
Stress Medicine, 2000
Sleep disorders and daytime fatigue are common health problems in middle-aged and elderly populations, and they vary greatly between occupational groups. There is widespread evidence that working hours and job stress may explain these differences. In this study the relationship of job demands and job control to sleep disorders was investigated. The subjects were 3079 middle-aged working men. The data were collected with a questionnaire including scales on sleep quality, job stress and lifestyle. The main effects of job demands and job control on insomnia, sleep deprivation and daytime fatigue were highly signi®cant. Some interaction effects of the stressors were also noted. Lifestyle factors were not found as signi®cant mediators or confounders of the effects. The associations between the stressors and sleep disorders were greater in the daytime workers than in the shift workers. The main conclusion is that job stressors have a direct relationship to sleep disorders, independent of working hours and lifestyle.
The Interplay Between Poor Sleep and Work-Related Health
Frontiers in Public Health
ObjectivesSleep disorders can arise from work. Employees who experience work overload are more likely to develop sleep problems. Poor sleep leads to decreased performance, sick leave, and accidents. Therefore, sleep disorders may be linked to workplace hazards as well as decreased occupational health, however, the relationship remains unknown.MethodsThis relationship was examined using secondary data analysis of aggregated survey data from 97 companies based in Germany between 2003 and 2020 as part of Workplace Health Management project. Two extreme groups with respect to sleep problems were analyzed (N = 4,865 + 9,795). The survey “Diagnosis of corporate health” contained 137 individual questions which recorded all relevant working conditions, aspects of health, and one question relating to insomnia traits. A one-way analysis of variance was used to examine whether and to what extent the potentials, hazards, and health aspects differed between employees depending on their perceived...
Sleep disturbances, work stress and work hours
Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2002
Objective: The study examined the multivariate relationship between disturbed sleep and different work-related and background/life style factors. Methods: 5720 healthy employed men and women living in the greater Stockholm area participated. A factor analysis of eight items provided one main factor: “disturbed sleep.” The data were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression analysis against the index disturbed sleep as well
Sleep Quality and Job Performance in Working Individuals
IJRASET, 2021
In today's technologically advanced world, everyone is striving for achievement in the workplace; especially the young adult population. As the organization's work requirements are increasing, the workload on the employees is also increasing. New research from the Brigham and Women's Hospital offers insights into how our poor sleep habits may be influencing our performance at work. India has a vast BPO sector and a majority of the young adult working population do graveyard and offschedule shifts, to meet the ends in this inflation. Also with the globalization, many working personnel work on the daytime working schedules of other countries in order to achieve their set targets. The current study aimed to see the effect of quality of sleep on job performance in young adult working individuals. The study hypothesized a significant relationship between the two. It also aimed at identifying if gender had an effect on job performance. The study reported a significant correlation between sleep quality and job performance. However, no significant correlation was seen between gender and job performance. The busy off-schedule lifestyle disrupts certain patterns and seems to have physical, psychological, emotional, behavioral, and social effects on working individuals. Many young adults are also suffering from early heart attacks, depression, and severe mental stress.. Changing to a better lifestyle and keeping a track of one's sleep patterns and physical, psychological, and behavioral changes can aid an individual to lead a better life.