The Perpetrator-Bystander-Victim Constellation: Rethinking Genocidal Relationships (original) (raw)
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Bystanders or perpetrators- HOLOCAUST VICTIMS OR WITNESSES?
Holocaust-Thy name is Jews and Huti's., 2022
Many people were both active and passive actors on the holocaust stage in both the Nazi extermination of the Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, and others, as well in Rwanda with the execution of Hutus by the Tuti tribesmen and women. Who is saying which of these people were both bystanders and perpetrators in these crimes? This paper will help you decide for yourselves.
Utah law review, 2017
The role of “bystanders” has been a central theme in discussions about the ethical legacy of the Holocaust. In early Holocaust historiography, “bystander” was often used as a generalized catchall term designating passivity toward Nazi crimes. “Bystander behavior” became synonymous with passivity to the plight of others, including the failure to speak out against injustice and/or assist its victims. More recent scholarship has documented the extent to which local populations and institutions were actively complicit in Nazi crimes, participating in and benefiting from the persecution of Jewish citizens, not only in Germany but across Europe. This newer research has sparked a debate about the very use of the term “bystander” and the concomitant assumptions about passivity. The historiographical shift has also altered ethical interpretations about the role of “bystanders” in a way that has broader implications for contemporary discussions about analogous situations. Traditionally, ethic...
The Holocaust, a tragedy in our world that took place at the hands of a madman, Adolf Hitler. How could one man have led the German nation to such hatred which resulted in the extermination of six million Jews? Another question, perhaps to ask is; “how could those watching let it happen?” For my Nazi Germany class, my final paper had to be on something that happened during World War II. My decision for this paper was to do this on bystanders. Even with this paper, it is still hard to fathom how so many people could turn a blind eye. “It appears, except those few who wanted to help, that selfishness and hatred took over. People also justified their actions to fit with the new laws that were in place. But because it is a law, does it make it right to do harm unto others, when one knows it is wrong? It also appears that fear played some role in the mind of the bystander. However, I did not uncover too much evidence of that.” ~MM
Bystanders Rescuers or Perpetrators
The volume Bystanders, Rescuers or Perpetrators? The Neutral Countries and the Shoah offers a trans-national, comparative perspective on the varied reactions of the neutral countries to the Nazi persecution and murder of the European Jews. It examines the often ambivalent policies of these states towards Jewish refugees as well as towards their own Jewish nationals living in German-occupied countries. By breaking down persistent myths, this volume contributes to a more nuanced understanding of an under-researched chapter of Holocaust history and also considers the challenges and opportunities related to Holocaust education and remembrance in the neutral countries. "Bystanders, Rescuers or Perpetrators? The Neutral Countries and the Shoah" is the second volume in the IHRA publication series and offers a trans-national, comparative perspective on the varied reactions of the neutral countries to the Nazi persecution and murder of the European Jews. It examines the often ambivalent policies of these states towards Jewish refugees as well as towards their own Jewish nationals living in German-occupied countries. By breaking down persistent myths, this volume contributes to a more nuanced understanding of an under-researched chapter of Holocaust history and also considers the challenges and opportunities related to Holocaust education and remembrance in the neutral countries. The volume is based on the conference papers of the international conference of the same name which was held in November 2014. The conference was originally funded through IHRA's Grant Programme and received the ‘Yehuda-Bauer Grant’ because of its particular emphasis on the multilateral aspect.
Defining Enemies, Making Victims: Germans, Jews, and the Holocaust
The American Historical Review, 1998
... THE DISCOURSE ON ENEMIES AND VICTIMS, its effects on our conduct in and perceptions of war and genocide, and the extent to ... in defining national and individual identities, it has retained a persistently pernicious potential that has often led to obfuscation, repression, and ...