ANALYSIS OF FORCED DRAFT COOLING TOWER PERFORMANCE USING ANSYS FLUENT SOFTWARE (original) (raw)
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Design & Performance Enhancement of Induced Draft Counter Flow Wet Type Cooling Tower
— Cooling towers are one of the biggest heat and mass transfer devices used to transfer process waste heat to the atmosphere. Cooling towers make use of evaporation whereby some of the water is evaporated into a moving air stream and subsequently discharged into the atmosphere. As a result, the remainder of the water is cooled down significantly. The process parameters such as inlet Air Wet bulb Temperature, Flow rate of Water and fills porosity have more influence on Thermal performance of cooling tower. The Temperature of outlet water is maintained nearest to inlet air wet bulb temperature to obtain the best Thermal Performance of cooling tower. Finite element method is one of the powerful numerical techniques to solve the complex physical phenomenon that are governed by the differential equations. Many of the practical engineering problems such as structural, thermal, magnetic, acoustic, etc. can be solved by the finite element method. Moreover, the finite element method is an increasingly common tool for engineering design. Design and dimension are taken from Dishman Pharmaceutical And Chemical Limited,Naroda GIDC, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. In this research work my objective is to get optimum condition which gives the maximum effectiveness in counter flow FRP cooling tower. For effectiveness parameters like inlet water flow rate, inlet air rate and fill porosity are considering in this research. So optimization of heat transfer is done by using taguchi method. Taguchi method is reducing the number is experiment. Here also used the Minitab software for taguchi method. For this model of cooling tower is made in Creo 2.0 then convert this model in STEP file and imported in ANSYS Workbench for CFD analysis. In this paper present the CFD analysis of cooling tower and comparing this result to practical reading. For taking practical reading temperature sensor and thermocouple is used.
Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviews, 2023
A cooling tower is a type of heat exchanger that uses air contact and water evaporation to chill water. The Port Harcourt refinery will be used as a case study in this paper's computational fluid dynamics CFD analysis of air flow in mechanical draft wet cooling towers. To achieve this, the CFD analysis of air under low Re-K-e flow conditions was done in Comsol Multi-Physics interface, The tower's schematic was created on AutoCAD. The results of the air's CFD analysis showed that the distribution profiles of velocity, temperature, relative humidity, and pressure inside the cooling tower are consistent with the air's postulated and calculated characteristics. AutoCAD was used to draw the schematic of the tower. The CFD analysis of air revealed that the velocity, temperature, relative humidity and pressure distribution profiles within the cooling tower are in accord with postulated and calculated characteristic of air within the Cooling Tower.
Parametric Analysis of a Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower using Two Mathematical Models
Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review
In the present work, a Matlab® computer code for cooling tower simulation was developed to perform a parametric analysis that determines the effect of the column cross-sectional area on multiple operating variables such as air humidity, air and water outlet temperature, among others. The computer code uses the Merkel's model and the CDAWC (Continuous Differential Air-Water Contactor) model for later comparison. It was observed a decrease in the outlet water temperature by approximately 14% when the tower's cross-sectional area increased from 1 to 2 m2. It increases the air outlet temperature by about 17% due to increased air-water contact. A negative convective heat transfer in the air was obtained in the cooling tower´s bottom due to the large amount of energy required for the heat transfer by vaporization, which was much larger than the convective heat. The evaporative heat transfer is over 80% of the total heat transferred.
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Cooling towers are the biggest heat and mass transfer devices that are in widespread use. In this paper we use a natural draft counter flow cooling tower in investigating the performance of cooling tower in different seasons. The humidity is defined as water particles present in air. The humidity is the major factor in the atmosphere, it depends upon ambient temperature. Humidity is high in winter season and low in summer season.
A Hydraulic Study of Cooling Water Intake Structure
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations of pump sumps are troublesome due to the nature of the flow. Pump sump flow is turbulent and unsteady, and pump sump dimensions are large compared to diameter of vortices occurring near the sump walls or in the pump column. Therefore, to capture the general and important phenomena of the flow, the computational grid should be fine enough at certain areas of the sump. Combined with unsteady calculations, this usually results in computationally expensive cases. The decision for a suitable turbulent model plays an important role in adding or reducing the computational costs. The present study first compares some different turbulent models on a fine computational grid to the published experimental model. The intention of the present work is to get an answer whether the Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) model really fails in predictions of vortex modeling, since the usage of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model for industrial cases would represent huge computational power demands. In the second part of the paper a real case pump sump is analyzed.
Performance Assessment of a Counter Flow Cooling Tower – Unique Approach
Energy Procedia, 2017
Cooling tower is one of the most suitable system for evaporative cooling of hot water in comparison with other types of evaporative cooling systems. In the present study, a finite difference model is developed for predicting the characteristics of coupled heat and mass transfer processes occurring in a counter flow forced draft cooling tower. This model consists of thermal effectiveness, height of the tower and moisture effectiveness as variable parameters, and provides a correlation for heat and mass transfer coefficients in order to obtain the desired performance parameters. The predicted results for evaporative cooling process are in good agreement with the experimentally measured data. The mathematical model developed in this study can be used as a tool for predicting the cooling tower performance characteristics.
The present paper describes the designing of a thermally and economically optimum mechanical draft counter-flow wet cooling tower. The design model allows the use of a variety of packing materials in the cooling tower toward optimizing heat transfer. Once the optimum packing type is chosen, a compact cooling tower with low fan power consumption is modelled within the known design variables. Moreover, a simulation model of the cooling tower is developed for studying the tower's performance as the main component of a water cooling system. The model also allows the influence of the environmental conditions on the thermal efficiency of the cooling tower to be considered. The thermal performance of the cooling tower is simulated in terms of varying air and water temperatures, and of the ambient conditions. The model is tested against experimental data. The suggested design and simulation algorithms of cooling tower are computed using Visual Studio.Net 2003 (C++).
Evaluation of thermal performance for natural and forced draft wet cooling tower
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, 2019
This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the thermal performance of natural draft wet cooling tower (NDWCT). The experimental investigation is carried out under natural draft condition and forced draft condition created by an axial fan. The operational parameters considered in this study are the thickness of the fill (10 and 20 cm), inlet water temperature (40, 45, and 50 °C) and inlet water volume flow rate (5.68, 7.75, and 9.46 L/min). The experimental results showed that the thermal performance is improved when the fans are used with the NDWCT. The temperature difference between inlet and outlet and effectiveness increase by 35% and 37.2%, respectively at fill thickness of 20 cm and water volume flow rate of 11.35 L/min. The temperature distribution of the air and the relative humidity were numerically simulated for both cases of natural and forced draft by employing the commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent 15. The experimental and numerical results were validated with results from a previous work and showed a good agreement. The experimental results showed that the effectiveness increase by 22% and 30% for NDWCT and FDWCT respectively when in case of fill thickness 20 cm.
Analysis of mechanical draft wet cooling towers
1991
The objective of the paper is to present a review on the analysis of mechanical-draft wet cooling towers. Starting with the basic fundamentals of a cooling tower, an attempt is made here to present an analysis of the important computational models available. The physical situation within a cooling tower is very complex (films and droplets of water in air are in a constantly changing configuration). There is no mathematical model which is capable of simulating every detail of simultaneous heat and mass transfer process occurring within the tower. Consequently, simplifying assumptions must be made for the analysis. A comprehensive list of assumptions is provided which are used for the different models. Eight computational models are analyzed here, namely (a) ESC code, (b) FACTS, (c) VERAZD, (d) STAR, (e) Sutherland's Model, (f) Model by Fujita and Tezuka, (g) Webb's Model, (h) Model by Jaber and Webb. Each model makes use of somewhat different set of assumptions. So, the resul...