Conceptual and analytic development of a civic engagement scale for pre-adolescents (original) (raw)
This paper presents the conceptual basis and statistical assessment of the Pre-Adolescent Civic Engagement Scale (PACES), a civic engagement measure developed for use with middle childhood and early adolescent young people. We expand the current work on civic engagement measures by contributing a parsimonious measure that has been subjected to more rigorous statistical assessments than other measures developed for pre-adolescents. Results of factor analyses, both exploratory and confirmatory, conducted with two samples (n=136; n=151) of children and youth (aged 7 to 14 years), yielded an 11-item, two-component scale assessing foundation for civic ethics and community connection among pre-adolescents.
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