Guidance molecules in axon regeneration (original) (raw)

2010, Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology

The regenerative capacity of injured adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) tissue is very limited. Disease or injury that causes destruction or damage to neuronal networks typically results in permanent neurological deficits. Injury to the spinal cord, for example, interrupts vital ascending and descending fiber tracts of spinally projecting neurons. Because neuronal structures located proximal or distal to the injury site remain largely intact, a major goal of spinal cord injury research is to develop strategies to reestablish innervation lost as a consequence of injury. The growth inhibitory nature of injured adult CNS tissue is a major barrier to regenerative axonal growth and sprouting. An increasing complexity of molecular players is being recognized. CNS inhibitors fall into three general classes: members of canonical axon guidance molecules (e.g., semaphorins, ephrins, netrins), prototypic myelin inhibitors (Nogo, MAG, and OMgp) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (l...

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