Dilemmas in dealing with the blue toe syndrome: Aortic versus peripheral source (original) (raw)
1984, The American Journal of Surgery
in 1959, first reported embolization to the legs stemming from aortoiliac atherosclerosis. Virtually all of the early reports of atheromatous embolization incriminated the aortoiliac segments without questioning the possibility that femoropopliteal-tibial disease might cause the same problem. Mehigan and Stoney [3] in 1976, were the first investigators to identify femoropopliteal disease as causing distal embolization. The pedal signs and symptoms associated with embolization from aortoiliac and femoropopliteal sources were termed the "blue toe" syndrome by Karmody et al . Despite many reports dealing with this problem, none has focused on the dilemma of determining the source of embolization when aortoiliac disease coexists with femoropopliteal disease. This report discusses this dilemma and the various treatment options available.
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