Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of fine grains Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–PbTiO3 ceramics (original) (raw)
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Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009
In this study, the solid solution of Pb(In 0.5 Nb 0.5 ) (1−x) Ti (x) O 3 with 20 mol% of BT (where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) ceramics was prepared by the wolframite precursor method via a vibro-milling technique. The concentration of 20 mol% of BT was the lowest amount of BT to help stabilize the perovskite phase formation of PIN ceramics in this study. The variation of x between 0.0 and 0.3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3; x = 0.1) was chosen based on the non-MPB composition of this PINT system to focus on the compositions with relaxor behavior. The phase formation of the ceramics was investigated as a function of compositions. The XRD patterns investigation showed that the ceramics gradually changed from the pseudo-cubic to tetragonal phase between the compositions x = 0.2 and 0.3, indicating a shift in the MPB of the PINT system with BT addition. Correspondingly, large dielectric constant maximum (ε m ) was observed over the same compositions. The remanent polarization (P r ) was also maximized at this composition, which indicated enhanced electrical properties near the MPB of this PBINT system. These results clearly indicated that the addition of BT had strong influence on phase formation and the electrical properties of the PINT system.
Investigation of Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of the Pb(Sn,Zr,Ti)O 3 Ceramics
Ferroelectrics, 2004
Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of ceramic solid solutions (Pb 0.98-x Ba x La 0.02) (Sn 0.35 Zr 0.55 Ti 0.10)O 3 (I) and (Pb 0.98-x Ba x)(Sn 0.35 Zr 0.55 Ti 0.10 Nb 0.02) 0.995 O 3 (II), x = 0.09-0.13 have been studied. It was found out that ferroelectric properties are promoted by addition of Nb cations. With increasing x relaxor behavior becomes evident in the both systems.
Journal of Materials Research, 1990
The role of particle and grain size on the dielectric behavior of the perovskite relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 [PMN] was investigated. Ultrafine powders of PMN were prepared using a reactive calcination process. Reactive calcination, the process by which morphological changes take place upon reaction of the component powders, produced particle agglomerates less than 0.5 μm. Through milling, these structures were readily broken down to ∼70 nanometer-sized particulates. The highly reactive powders allowed densification as low as 900 °C, but with corresponding grain growth in the micron range. Such grain growth was associated with liquid phase sintering as a result of PbO–Nb2O5 second phase(s) pyrochlore. Sintering, assisted by hot uniaxial pressing, below the temperature of liquid formation of 835 °C, allowed the fabrication of highly dense materials with a grain size less than 0.3 μm. The dielectric and related properties were determined for samples having grain sizes in the...
Solid State Communications, 2002
Relaxor-type ferroelectric ceramics, (1 2 x )Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3x PbTiO 3 ðx ¼ 0:28 -0:42Þ were synthesized by the columbite precursor method. The phase structure and dielectric properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that a region with both pseudocubic and tetragonal phase in existence lies in the composition range x ¼ 0:34 -0:38; which is the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). Examination of the dielectric behavior indicates that the ceramics exhibit abnormal high dielectric constant near the MPB composition. In addition, the transformation of (1 2 x )PNNx PT from relaxor to normal ferroelectric behavior with the PT content increasing is successive. q
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2014
The structural evolution and properties of 0.3Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2) O 3-0.38Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3)O 3-0.32PbTiO 3 (0.3PIN-0.38PMN-0.32PT) ferroelectric ceramics with different sintering times have been investigated. The content of the tetragonal phase is increased in samples sintered for more than 6 h, despite that the composition falls in the rhombohedral region of the previously established phase diagram. The results show that the metastable tetragonal phase at room temperature is induced and stabilized by the tensile residual stresses. Excessively long sintering time generally leads to grain coarsening, loss of lead, and deterioration of properties, while the increasing amount of the tetragonal phase, and the large residual tensile stress appear to improve the dielectric and electromechanical properties. This study offers new insights into the sintering of Pb-based ferroelectric ceramics with complex compositions. D. Johnson-contributing editor Manuscript No. 34988.
Materials Sciences and Applications, 2013
Perovskite PZT variants were synthesized from stoichiometric oxide ratios of Pb, Zr, Ti, Cr, Ni and Sb. The oxide powders were mixed mechanically and calcinated, and then sintered to form the desired perovskite phase. The detailed structural and ferroelectric properties were carried out for sintered specimens. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that all the ceramics specimens have a perovskite phase. The multi-component ceramic system consists of the (0.80 − x)Pb(Cr 1/5 ,Ni 1/5 ,Sb 3/5)O 3-xPbTiO 3-0.20PbZrO 3 (PZT-CNS), with 0.30 ≤ x ≤ 0.42, and the ternary system near the rhombohedral/tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary(MPB) was investigated by X-ray diffraction and dielectric properties. In the present system, the MPB that coexists with the tetragonal and rhombohedral phases is a narrow composition region of x = 0.38-0.42. The scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed an increase of the mean grain size when the sintering temperature was increased. A sintered density of 92.93% of the theoretical density was obtained for Ti = 42% after sintering at 1180˚C. Ceramics sintered at 1180˚C with Ti = 42% achieve excellent dielectric properties, which are as follows ε r = 4262.48, and Tc = 340˚C.
Journal of Materials Science, 2007
Pb(Ni,Nb)O 3-Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 of perovskite structure has been successfully prepared by mechanically activating mixed oxides of PbO, NiO, Nb 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 and TiO 2. This novel technique skips calcination steps at an intermediate temperature, which is otherwise required in both the conventional solid state reaction and chemical routes. Ceramics prepared by this process exhibits high diffusivity and sinterability. The measured density of the sintered pellets was found to be within 97-98% of their theoretical value. The room temperature dielectric constant (e¢) of 4,500 and a loss (tand) of~0.025 were measured on these samples. The high value of planar coupling factor, k p = 66% and charge coefficient, d 33 = 660pC/N were obtained for the ceramic specimen sintered at 1,150°C. The maximum strain realized by the present system was~0.3%.
Applied Physics A, 2007
Ferroelectric ceramics with formula Pb 0.8 Ba 0.2 [(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 ) 1−x Ti x ]O 3 (PBINT) (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were prepared via a two-step solid state reaction method. It was found that ceramics with compositions in the range of x = 0.0 ∼ 0.3 showed a pseudo-cubic structure, whereas the ceramic with x = 0.5 displayed a tetragonal structure. All compositions showed significant frequency dispersion in their dielectric properties. The remanent polarization P r as well as the coercive field E c , measured at room temperature, increases with the Ti content. The experimental results obtained in this system are summarized into a phase diagram, with the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) located at x = 0.4. Compared with the Pb[(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 ) 1−x Ti x ]O 3 solid solution system, incorporating Ba in the A-site leads to a significant decrease in the dielectric maximum temperature T max , a suppression of the dielectric relaxation parameter γ , and a shift of the MPB composition to a higher Ti content.
Journal of The American Ceramic Society, 2007
Recently, a new family of piezoelectric perovskite materials based on the solid solution (1−x)BiScO3–xPbTiO3 was developed. This system was found to have a Curie temperature higher than 450°C and excellent piezoelectric properties near the MPB composition. Niobium, as a donor dopant in the piezoelectric system Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and other lead-based perovskite materials, has commonly been used to increase the electrical resistivity, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties. In the current work, the effect of niobium substitution in the BS–PT system has been reported. The results of niobium additions in the BS–PT system showed no large enhancement of the piezoelectric properties. Niobium doping also led to lower Curie temperatures and higher dielectric loss. Further grain size effects in niobium-doped BS–PT compositions provided experimental evidence of significant extrinsic contributions to the piezoelectric properties in this system.