Status Report on the Series Production of the Main Superconducting Dipole Magnets for LHC (original) (raw)
Description of the Main Features of the Series Production of the LHC Main Dipole Magnets
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000
The series production of the LHC main dipole magnets was completed in November 2006. This paper presents the organization implemented at CERN and the milestones fixed to fullfil the technical requirements and to respect the master schedule of the machine installation. The CERN organization for the production follow-up, the quality assurance and the magnet testing, as well as the organization of the three main contractors will be described. A description of the design work and procurement of most of the specific heavy tooling and key components will be given with emphasis on the advantages and drawbacks.
Status Report on the LHC Main Magnet Production
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2005
The LHC ring will contain 1232 main dipole and 382 main quadrupole double aperture magnets. All main magnets are superconducting and employ Nb-Ti/Cu Rutherford type cables operated at 1.9 K. The dipole production has reached the equivalent of almost three octants of cold masses and nearly four octants of collared coils. The quadrupole production has reached 75 cold masses and over 150 bare magnets. The ramping up of large scale magnet production has posed several challenges which will be discussed, like: the coil size uniformity, coil pre-stress control, cold mass welding technique and the geometrical shape issues. The magnetic measurement results at warm will be presented together with their usage for the quality control in the production. The common features and differences of the three dipole producers will be discussed. The latest version of the production schedule will be presented.
Performance of the LHC final prototype and first pre-series superconducting dipole magnets
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2002
Within the LHC cryo-dipole program, six full-scale superconducting prototypes of final design were built in collaboration between Industry and CERN, followed by launching the manufacture of pre-series magnets. Five prototypes and the first of the pre-series magnets were tested at CERN. This paper reviews the main features and the performance of the cryo-dipoles tested at 4.2 K and 1.8 K. The results of the quench training, conductor performance, magnet protection, sensitivity to ramp rate and field characteristics are presented and discussed in terms of the design parameters.
Superconducting magnets for the LHC main lattice
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2004
The main lattice of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will employ about 1600 main magnets and more than 4000 corrector magnets. All superconducting and working in pressurized superfluid helium bath, these impressive line of magnets will fill more than 20 km of the underground tunnel. With almost 70 main dipoles already delivered and 10 main quadrupoles almost completed, we passed the 5% of the production and now all manufacturers have fully entered into series production. In this paper the most critical issues encountered in the ramping up in such a real large scale fabrication will be addressed: uniformity of the coil size and of prestress, special welding technique, tolerances on curvature (dipoles) or straightness (quadrupoles) and of the cold mass extremities, harmonic content and, most important, the integrated field uniformity among magnets. The actual limits and the solution for improvements will be discussed. Finally a realistic schedule based on actual achievements is presented.
Performance of the first LHC pre-series superconducting dipoles
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2003
Within the LHC magnet program, a preseries production of final design, full-scale superconducting dipoles has presently started in industry and magnets are being tested at CERN. The main features of these magnets are: two-in-one structure, 56 mm aperture, six-block two layer coils wound from 15.1 mm wide graded NbTi cables, and all-polyimide insulation. This paper reviews the main test results of magnets tested to date in both supercritical and superfluid helium. The results of the quench training, conductor performance, magnet protection, sensitivity to ramp rate, and magnetic field quality are presented and discussed in terms of the design parameters and the aims of the LHC magnet program. LHC Division Abstract 12 December 2002
Final prototypes, first pre-series units and steps towards series production of the LHC main dipoles
PACS2001. Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference (Cat. No.01CH37268), 2001
The LHC, a 7 TeV proton collider presently under construction at CERN, requires 1232 superconducting dipole magnets, featuring a nominal field of 8.33 T inside a cold bore tube of 50 mm inner diameter and a magnetic length of 14.3 m. This paper summarises the results of the program of the six LHC main dipole final prototypes and presents the performance measurements of the first magnets of the 90 pre-series units currently under manufacture by industry. Results of geometric and magnetic measurements are given and discussed. Finally, the major milestones towards the dipole magnets series manufacture are given and commented.
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2002
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) needs more than 6000 superconducting corrector magnets. These must be sufficiently powerful, have enough margin, be compact and of low cost. The development of the 11 types of magnets was spread over several years and included the magnetic and mechanical design as well as prototype building and testing. It gradually led to the systematic application of a number of interesting construction principles that allow to realize the above mentioned goals. The paper describes the techniques developed and presently used in practically all the LHC corrector magnets ranging from dipoles to dodecapoles. Abstract 6 March 2002 1 1
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000
The design and construction of a wide-aperture, superconducting quadrupole magnet for the LHC insertion region is part of a study towards a luminosity upgrade of the LHC at CERN. The engineering design of components and tooling, the procurement, and the construction work presented in this paper includes innovative features such as more porous cable insulation, a new collar structure allowing horizontal assembly with a hydraulic collaring press, tuning shims for the adjustment of field quality, a fishbone like structure for the ground-plane insulation, and an improved quench-heater design. Rapid prototyping of coil-end spacers and trial-coil winding led to improved shapes, thus avoiding the need to impregnate the ends with epoxy resin, which would block the circulation of helium.
Performance of the LHC final design full scale superconducting dipole prototypes
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2001
Within the LHC magnet program, a series of six, final design, full-scale superconducting dipole prototypes are presently being built in industry and tested at CERN. The main features of these magnets are: two-in-one structure, 56 nun aperture, six-block two layer coils wound from 15.1 mm wide graded NbTi cables, and all-polyimide insulation. This paper reviews the main test results of magnets tested to day at 4.2 K and 1.8 K. The results of the quench training, conductor performance, magnet protection, sensitivity to ramp rate and field quality are presented and discussed in terms of the design parameters and the aim of the full scale dipole prototype program.
Completion of the series fabrication of the main superconducting quadrupole magnets of LHC
Particle Accelerator, IEEE Conference, 2007
By end of November 2006, the last main superconducting quadrupole cold mass needed for the installation was delivered by ACCEL Instruments to CERN. In total, 360 cold masses for the arc regions of the machine and 32 special units dedicated to the dispersion suppressor regions are installed in the LHC ring. The latter ones contain the same main magnet but