Performance comparison of video transport over ATM and ServerNet interconnects (original) (raw)

High performance architecture of integrated protocols for encoded video application

2004

Despite the evolution of high speed communication network to accommodate an increasingly number of applications with diverse service requirements, there still exist a number of barriers related to the deployment of the encoded video over the ATM network. In fact, additional works have to be devoted to improve protocol architecture and to guarantee the QoS. In this paper, we first analyze the main parameters affecting the visual quality of real video pictures. Then, we define specific services to be implemented at the network interface level. We also discuss the proposed integrated protocols architecture for real time application such as video coding illustrating the function to support the challenges of managing real time services over high speed network. In fact, data cells are exposed to delays and losses, which affect the quality of the video signal. Therefore, we have to perform the adequate processing in order to keep the quality of service on an acceptable level. In this article, we propose the design of an interface between the MPEG-2 standard and the ATM network in order to improve the video visual quality. Our approach tries to overcome the difficulty imposed by traditional random cell discarding due to the bursty aspect of the traffic and the variable bit rate transmission, nature of compressed video. The performance evaluation shows the effectiveness of the proposed interface architecture with the set of mechanisms in improving the robustness of the video delivery system.

Congestion control of compressed video traffic over ATM networks

2000

Video traffic is expected to account for a significant share of the traffic volume in future asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. MPEG-2, proposed by the Moving Picture Expert Group, is one of the most promising compression techniques for such applications. One of the critical issues in MPEG-2 is to realize effective variable bit rate (VBR) video transfer thorough ATM networks. The leaky bucket (LB) scheme has been widely accepted as the usage parameter control (UPC) mechanism to police the VBR sources. We propose a new adaptive dynamic leaky bucket (ADLB) congestion control mechanism, which is based on the LB scheme. Unlike the conventional LB, the leak rate of the ADLB is controlled using delayed feedback information of available bandwidth sent by the network. The simulation results show that overall cell loss and delay are reduced significantly at the ATM switch node

Packet Video Broadcasting with General-Purpose Operating Systems in an Ethernet

Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2004

Video transmission with general-purpose PCs poses a number of requirements that radically differ from those of high-end dedicated video servers. We analyze the scenario of an Ethernet local area network in which a number of PCs are transmitting video streams, while other TCP/IP applications are also running concurrently. Our findings show that since the operating system clock resolution cannot cope with the transmission timing requirements the following holds: if the video transmission is performed with exact timing accuracy to maintain a constant rate then CPU load grows to 100%, thus blocking the PC for other user applications; on the other hand, if transmission is performed in a bursty manner, i.e. with sleep system calls, then CPU load decreases dramatically but the increased burstiness of the video stream has a negative impact on network performance (for example, capture effect in the Ethernet). Furthermore, the impact of video transmission over the rest of TCP/IP applications running on the same network depends heavily on the packet size. We provide an integrated analysis of operating system and network parameters to achieve video broadcasting while preserving timing requirements and minimizing the impact on other applications.

Protocol architecture for MPEG-2 video over a high speed network

IEE Proceedings - Communications, 2004

Real time communication services related to the encoded video transmission over the highspeed network like ATM need a new integrated protocol architecture to meet the required quality. In fact, data cells are exposed to delays and losses, which affect the video signal quality. So, we have to perform the adequate processing in order to keep the quality of service on an acceptable level. In this article we propose the design of a new adaptation of MPEG-2 video in ATM Networks in order to improve the video visual quality. Our approach, based on a new MPEG-2 protocol architecture, tries to overcome the difficulty imposed by traditional random cell discarding due to the bursty aspect of the traffic and the variable bit rate transmission, nature of encoded video. We demonstrate the importance of including a dynamic bandwidth reallocation and appropriate interleaving technique for a bursty encoded video traffic being carried in ATM Network by comparing the degradation quality of MPEG-2 sequence with and without our proposed techniques. The results show that the proposed interface is effective in solving the cell loss problem and thus enhances the QoS for MPEG-2 video transmission in ATM Networks.

Compressed video over networks

2000

As in any connection-oriented packet network, the ATM connection is "virtual" in the sense that a particular portion of a transport facility, such as a time-slot, is not dedicated to the given connection, which, in contrast, would have been the case in a "circuit-switched" connection such as in traditional telephony networks. Various types of connections can be established, providing a variety of service classes, some more suitable for the transport of video than others, as will be discussed in Section 4.7. The virtual connections can be established by signaling protocols for on-demand transport, or, on a slower time scale, can be established by management plane procedures, [1 -3]. The establishment by signaling protocols is analogous to the dialing of a telephone call, while establishment via management plane procedures is analogous to privateline service. *

A flexible video server based on a low complex post-compression rate allocation

Packet Video 2007, 2007

This paper proposes a highly flexible streaming video server that is particularly well suited for videosurveillance content. To achieve the required flexibility, the sequences are encoded with the JPEG 2000 coding scheme. To preserve compression efficiency, the temporal redundancy is exploited by a conditional replenishment technique. The main novelty of this paper consists in a post-compression rate allocation, which enables the server to adapt in real-time the content forwarded to heterogeneous clients using a single pre-compressed version of the sequence. An index is pre-calculated offline to reduce the computational load at the server while scheduling the packets in real-time, according to the needs and resources of the clients.

A simple and effective mechanism for stored video streaming with TCP transport and server-side adaptive frame discard

Computer Networks, 2005

Transmission control protocol (TCP) with its well-established congestion control mechanism is the prevailing transport layer protocol for non-real time data in current Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It would be desirable to transmit any type of multimedia data using TCP in order to take advantage of the extensive operational experience behind TCP in the Internet. However, some features of TCP including retransmissions and variations in throughput and delay, although not catastrophic for non-real time data, may result in inefficiencies for video streaming applications. In this paper, we propose an architecture which consists of an input buffer at the server side, coupled with the congestion control mechanism of TCP at the transport layer, for efficiently streaming stored video in the best-effort Internet. The proposed buffer management scheme selectively discards low priority frames from its head-end, which otherwise would jeopardize the successful playout of high priority frames. Moreover, the proposed discarding policy is adaptive to changes in the bandwidth available to the video stream.

Quality of Service using Scalable Video Coding and Partial Buffer Sharing

2010 Second International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX), 2010

The last-mile has limited bandwidth and forms a bottleneck link for video applications. Current solutions fail to offer sufficient Quality of Service (QoS) in this last-mile because they allow packet loss randomly in a stream, while packet loss, depending on which part or layer of the video, has strong impact on the final quality. Our paper proposes to concentrate the packet loss in the least important layers of a video by combining Scalable Video Coding which offers graceful degradation of quality when removing video layers, with Partial Buffer Sharing which drops video layers proportional to their importance. Simulations reveal a fundamental issue with SVC and unequal error protection. The different scalable layers do not alternate sufficiently in time, causing the buffer to drop more important layers at times. The paper analyses and solves this problem, and demonstrates it can concentrate the packet loss in the least important video layers.

TSFD: two stage frame dropping for scalable video transmission over data networks

2001

Abstract Scalable video transmission is used to adjust the rate of video depending on the level of network congestion. Previous studies on scalable video transmission of MPEG over ATM ABR service required major changes in the network protocols and did not provide methods to determine the ABR connection parameters. We propose a new scalable video transmission scheme which does not require major changes in network protocols.

Transmission of Scalable Video in Computer Networks

INTRODUCTION The Internet as a video distribution medium has seen a tremendous growth in recent years with the advent of new broadband access networks and the widespread adoption of media terminals supporting video reception and storage. This growth of Internet video transmission resulted from the advances in video encoding solutions and the increase in the bandwidth of terminals. However, it has also placed new challenges in the developments of video standards, due to the heterogeneous characteristics of current terminals and of the wired and wireless distribution networks. As the terminal capabilities increase in terms of display definition, processing power, and bandwidth, users tend to expect higher qualities from the received video streams. Ad-ditionally, as different types of terminals will likely coexist in the same network, it will be necessary to adapt the content transmitted according to the receiving terminal. Instead of re-encoding (or transcoding) the bitstream, which r...