Socio-Demographic Correlates of Stigma Attached to Mental Illness (original) (raw)
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Perception of stigma toward mental illness in South India
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2015
Background: Stigma associated with mental illnesses is one of the principal causes for mentally ill people not receiving adequate mental health care and treatment. The study was conducted to assess the extent of stigma associated with mental illness and knowledge of mental illness among the community. Materials and Methods: Community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 445 respondents from Udupi district; the community attitude toward the mentally ill (CAMI) scale was used to assess stigma. The probability proportional to sampling size technique was adopted to select the wards/blocks. Household from blocks/wards were selected using convenience sampling. Self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the information. Data was analyzed using the software SPSS version 15. Results: Of the total 445 respondents, the prevalence of stigma toward mentally ill people was 74.61% (95% confidence interval, 0.7057, 0.7866). The prevalence of stigma was high under all the four domains of CAMI scale. High prevalence of stigma was seen among females and people with higher income. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of stigma toward PWMI was found to be high. The stigma toward PWMI was associated with gender with respect to AU, BE and CMHI. Hence, the study suggests that there is a strong need to eliminate stigma associated with mental illness to improve the mental health status of the region.
Psychiatry Research, 2017
This study aimed to evaluate the stigma and its correlates among patients with severe mental disorders. Patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia (N=707), bipolar disorder (N=344) and recurrent depressive disorder (N=352) currently in clinical remission from 14 participating centres were assessed on Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS). Patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia experienced higher level of alienation, sterotype endorsement, discrimination experience and total stigma when compared to patients with bipolar disorder and recurrent depressive disorder. Patients with bipolar disorder experienced higher stigma than those with recurrent depressive disorder in the domain of stigma resistance only. Overall compared to affective disorder groups, higher proportion of patients with schizophrenia
Psychiatric Stigma among Medical Students and Nurses: Study From Rural Bihar, India
Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research
Stigmatic attitude toward psychiatric patients are universal rather than cultural phenomenon. However it has a large impact on help seeking behavior of patients and caregiving if it is significantly present in medical persons who are responsible for their care. This study was aimed to assess the attitude of medical students and nurses in tertiary care teaching medical college hospital in rural Bihar, India. Methods: A survey was circulated among the medical students and the nurses of the Vardhman institute of Medical sciences, Pawapuri which is a relatively new tertiary care teaching medical institution situated in rural area of, Nalanda, Bihar, India. Of the 350 survey forms distributed, a response of 74.28% received within a period of two weeks. Results: majority of the preclinical and clinical MBBS students as well as nurses held negative attitudes towards people with schizophrenia, depression, drug and alcohol disorders. However, most had favorable views of the recovery and treatability of the mental disorders. Conclusions: stigmatizing attitude of medical students and nurses in Bihar India are comparable to the rest of the part of India and western countries.
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
The stigma attached to mental illness in the West is now well recognised. There is however, only limited information available on this topic from the developing countries. Measurement of stigma among medical students and doctors is straightforward to carry out allowing targeted work to educate doctors in countries with few resources. This study was carried out to assess the attitude of medical students and doctors, attending medical colleges in Lahore, Pakistan. A survey was circulated among the medical students and the doctors of the three medical colleges in Lahore, Pakistan. 294 (59%) of the 500 survey forms sent out were returned. Just over half of the respondents held negative attitudes towards people with schizophrenia, depression, drug and alcohol disorders. However, most had favourable views of the recovery and treatability of the mental disorders. The views held by the medical students and the doctors in Lahore, Pakistan are broadly similar to the opinions expressed by the ...
Indian journal of psychiatry
India faces a significant gap between the prevalence of mental illness among the population and the availability and effectiveness of mental health care in providing adequate treatment. This discrepancy results in structural stigma toward mental illness which in turn is one of the main reasons for a persistence of the treatment gap, whereas societal factors such as religion, education, and family structures play critical roles. This survey-based study investigates perceived stigma toward mental illness in five metropolitan cities in India and explores the roles of relevant sociodemographic factors. Samples were collected in five metropolitan cities in India including Chennai ( = 166), Kolkata ( = 158), Hyderabad ( = 139), Lucknow ( = 183), and Mumbai ( = 278). Stratified quota sampling was used to match the general population concerning age, gender, and religion. Further, sociodemographic variables such as educational attainment and strength of religious beliefs were included in the...
A Rural Community-Based Study on Public Stigma towards Mental Illness from Eastern India
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.5\_Issue.10\_Oct2018/Abstract\_IJRR0021.html, 2018
Background: Considerable stigmatizing attitude exists towards persons suffering from mental illness in spite of considerable measures to counter stigma. The current study tried to explore level of public stigma towards mental illness from a rural community-based sample from Eastern India. Methods: It was an observational study with cross-sectional design done in a village in Howrah District, West Bengal, India, in 2017. The interview schedule consisted of a socio-demographic and clinical proforma, Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire (AMIQ) and Perceived devaluation discrimination scale (PDD). Results: Of the 602 families, most respondents were females (60.1%) and members of nuclear family (60.6%). Negative attitude towards mental illness was found to be positively correlated to age of the responder, family size and monthly family income. A family history of use of prescription psychotropic medication in the family was found to be significantly correlated to less stigmatizing attitude to persons with mental illness (PMI). Conclusion: Significant public stigma and negative attitude to mental illness exists exist in our sample. There can be discreet attributes in PMI that is distinct from the illness characteristics that needs our attention in the future for success of the anti-stigma campaign. The major limitation of our study was the use of a cross-sectional design and use of sample of convenience.
Stigma of mental illness among doctors of Lahore, Pakistan
2018
Introduction: Stigma towards mental health illnesses is a common problem in various societies. The doctors play an important role in reducing stigma, and it is easier to change attitudes in this group as compared to general population. Aim: The present study aims to assess stigma regarding mental illness among doctors of Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: For this purpose, 600 questionnaires were distributed among doctors. Out of which, 465 were considered for the study with a response rate of 77.5 %. For statistical analysis SPSS v.17 was used. The characteristic of age was represented as mean ± SD, whereas, characteristics of gender, experience, and marital status were expressed through frequencies and percentages. Chi square test was used to check statistical difference on basis of age, gender, marital status and experience of participants with p value 0.05. Results: A significant difference was indicated between attitudes of doctors having less than 10 years of experience as compare...
Psychiatric stigma across cultures: Local validation in Bangalore and London
Public responses to depression have a powerful effect on patients’ personal experience of illness, the course and outcome of the illness, and their ability to obtain gainful employment. Mental illness-related stigma reduction has become a priority, and to be effective, it requires innovative and effective public mental health interventions informed by a clear understanding of what stigma means. Based on Goffman’s formulation as spoiled identity, local concepts of stigma were validated and compared in clinical cultural epidemiological studies of depression in Bangalore, India, and London, England, using the EMIC, an instrument for studying illness-related experience, its meaning, and related behaviour. Similar indicators were validated in both centres, and the internal consistency was examined to identify those that contributed to a locally coherent concept and scale for stigma. Qualitative meaning of speci c features of stigma at each site was clari ed from patients’ prose narrative accounts. Concerns about marriage gured prominently as a feature of illness experience in both centres, but it was consistent with other indicators of stigma only in Bangalore, not in London. Although stigma is a signi cant issue across societies, particular manifestations may vary, and the cultural validity of indicators should be examined locally. Analysis of cultural context in the narrative accounts of illness indicates the variation and complexity in the relationship between aspects of illness experience and stigma. This report describes an approach following from the application of cultural epidemiological methods for identifying and measuring locally valid features of stigma in a scale for cultural study, cross-cultural comparisons, and for baseline and follow-up assessment to monitor stigma reduction programmes.