Anticonvulsant activity of aqueous extract of Leonotis leonurus (original) (raw)
Related papers
Leonurus cardiaca is a popular Indian herb which is used in the treatment of weaknesses and disorders, allaying nervous irritability, anti-pyretic, inducing quiet and passivity of the whole nervous system. It is also seen as a remedy for heart palpitations,it has a strengthening effect, especially on weak heart. Antispasmodic and sedative effects promote relaxation rather than the drowsiness. The aim of present study was to evaluate anticonvulsant activity of methanolic extract of leaves of leonurus cardiaca against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced convulsions in mice. All the animals were divided into four groups of six mice each and were injected PTZ (65mg/kg intraperitonially). Group I was served as toxic control PTZ (65mg/kg i.p.). Group II was pretreated with diazepam (4mg/kg p.o.),Group III was pretreated with methanolic extract of leave of leonurus cardiaca (100 mg/kg p.o.) for 7 days. Group IV was pretreated with methanolic extract of leaves of leonurus cardiaca (200mg/kg p.o.) for 7 days. The result shows that methanolic extract of leaves of leonurus cardiaca significantly reduced duration of clonic convulsions and also delayed the onset of convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole. The results were expressed as mean ±SEM and were statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA. It is concluded that methanolic extract of leaves Leonurus Cardiaca can show anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazol induced convulsions in mice.
2002
The aim of this study is to isolate and evaluate the anticonvulsant components from the leaves of Leonotis leonorus (L) R.aR. and to see if there is any change in activity with the origin of the plant material and I or the season in which plant material is collected. Therefore, in this study, two sites were chosen for collection of plant material and the collection was made in summer and in winter. Chemical, physical and pharmacological methods were used to isolate, identify and to evaluate compounds isolated from the leaves of Leonotis leonorus for anticonvulsant activity.
Uvaria chamae P. Beauv. (Annonaceae) is widely distributed in Africa, the plant parts are used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, analgesic, for jaundice, epilepsy and treatment of microbial infections. The aim of this study is to establish the phytochemical constituents present in the root bark of U. chamae and determine the anticonvulsant activity of the crude methanol extract (CME) of the root bark. The preliminary phytochemical screening of CME revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, steroids and triterpenes. The CME was partitioned with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol in order of increasing polarity to give various fractions. Column chromatography of the chloroform fraction using silica gel packed column afforded twelve pooled fractions coded S1-S12. Fraction S6 was subjected to preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) using hexane: ethyl acetate (5:3) as solvent system which led to the isolation of Quercetin. The structure of the compound was elucidated using chemical test and spectroscopic techniques (UV and 1D-NMR). The LD50 of CME was estimated to be 1131.37 mg/kg in mice. The CME was found to increase the mean time of recovery from seizure in MEST compared to negative control. The absence of anticonvulsant activity in MEST suggests that CME may not be useful in the treatment of generalized tonic clonic and partial seizures. In Sc. PTZ test, the CME at dose of 30 mg/kg protected 80% of mice against pentylenetetrazole and significantly (P˂0.05) delayed the onset of seizure. In this regard, the CME have demonstrated anticonvulsant activity and may be useful in treatment of generalized absence seizure.
HPLC techniques for phytochemistry
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
There are some drawbacks to existing methods in use for plant content estimation, including large quantities of solvents and long study time. For thousands of years, nature has been a source of therapeutic agents, and an impressive number of modern medicines have been isolated from natural plant sources. Phytochemicals are referred to as the biologically active compounds found in plants. In the cure and treatment of various diseases, these phytochemicals play a major role. It is necessary to have the means available to carry out a characterization of the crude extract to gain access to the therapeutic benefits of these plant species. As a key response to the challenge of detection, characterization and purification of compounds, this paper examines the advances in the high-pressure liquid chromatographic process. This paper focuses on HPLC, an important qualitative and quantitative technique that is commonly used for pharmaceutical and biological sample estimation. Introduction In traditional medicine, plants produce a wide variety of substances that can be used to treat both chronic and infectious diseases (Boligon et al, 2012) [1, 2]. More than 80 percent of the world's population relies on conventional medicine for their primary healthcare needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Based on tradition, plants have provided a good source of a wide range of compounds such as alkaloids, phenolics, vitamins, terpenes and a number of other secondary metabolites rich in important bioactivities such as antioxidants, antibacterials, anti-cancer, antihepatotoxics, etc. The study of these plant species plays an important role in the discovery and creation of new drugs that in hope, had no side effects but were more successful than current synthetic drugs. However, in order to validate this conventional assertion, clinical trials are required to show the efficacy of a bioactive compound. Reis, Boligon 2014) [4]. Thus the detection, isolation, purification and characterization of phyto-constituents in plants of the active ingredients in the crude sample by means of analytical techniques plays an important role. The choice of plant material is an essential consideration for the overall success of any inquiry into phytochemical plant constituents. Given the large number of plant species that are potentially available for analysis, efficient systems for the rapid chemical and biological screening of plant extracts selected for investigation must be available. Plant extract contains numerous phyto-compounds of varying degrees of polarity and is still a common problem and key challenge in botanicals and herbal preparations for their extraction, isolation and characterization. By combining basic biological assays with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses, this can be accomplished. HPLC is an extremely flexible technique; it is the best, most effective, and quickest chromatographic technique for crude plant species quality control. It is an important qualitative and quantitative technique that is commonly used for pharmaceutical and biological sample estimation. This paper provides descriptions of the extraction, isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from plant extract with traditional phytochemical screening assays and the use of enhanced HPLC chromatographic techniques.