Neuronal and glial markers in tumours of neuroblastic origin (original) (raw)
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Immunohistochemical localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein in human glial neoplasms
Cancer, 1980
The presence and distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein in fixed, paraffin embedded tissue were studied in 85 human intracranial neoplasms, using the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method. In some cases, indirect immunofluorescence of frozen sections was used as well. In normal tissue, only the cell processes and perikarya of fibrous astrocytes were stained. lmmunostaining was also observed in the following glial neoplasms: astrocytomas (all varieties), astroblastoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, subependymoma, glioblastoma multiforme and ependymoma. The astrocytic elements of mixed gliomas and of medulloblastomas undergoing glial differentiation were likewise strongly stained. In contrast, oligodendrogliomas, meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, sarcomas, lymphomas and metastatic carcinomas were negative. Either a perikaryal or a diffuse fibrillary staining pattern was observed. Combination of the two patterns occasionally occurred. The perikaryal staining was prominent in gemistocytic astrocytomas and in astroblastomas. A distinct negative correlation existed between the degree of anaplasia and the intensity of immunostaining.
Neuron-specific enolase in relation to differentiation in human neuroblastoma
Brain Research, 1981
The presence of the two forms of enolase, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and non-neuronal enolase (NNE), have been examined in biopsy material of human neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma and cultured neuroblastoma cells, after separation with ion exchange chromatography. The enolase activities were inhibited in the presence of NaCl but remained active in KCI, which were used in the chromatographic step. The relative NSE levels in the neuroblastoma tissues were found to be lower than in the histopathologically more differentiated forms of the tumour, i.e. ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. The human neuroblastoma in vitro cell lines SK-N-SH, SH-SY5Y, SK-N-MC and IMR-32 contained considerably lower relative levels of NSE compared to the levels in the neuroblastoma biopsies. After treatment of the cultured cells with nerve growth factor or dibutyryl-cAMP some cells showed morphological differentiation and concomitantly an increase in the NSE levels. The results indicate that NSE might be useful as a marker for differentiation in human neuroblastoma. INTRODUCT[ON During the last decade cultured neuroblastoma cells have been used for in vitro studies of differentiationa, 2s. Most of the results have been obtained using the mouse
Jordan Medical Journal, 2011
Objectives: The aims of this study are to identify the Immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) in different types of neuroepithelial tumors in Mosul city and to correlate the results with grade of tumor, with the results of other studies and to assess the diagnostic role of GFAP in the diagnonsis of neuroepithelial tumors and their differentiation from neuroglial tumors. Patients and Methods: This study included 56 cases of neuroepithelial tumors. 22 cases were collected during the period extending from October 2007 to May 2008. (The rest of the cases were retrieved from a filing system extending back to 2004). In addition to two miscellaneous tumors, (one meningioma and the other secondary adenocarcinoma). All cases were obtained from Al-Jamhuri Teaching Hospital in the western side of Mosul City, Northern Iraq and some private laboratories. Typing and grading of the tumors were done according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification system. IHC procedure was done for GFAP using polyclonal antibodies and chromogen visualizing system. A semi-quantitative histochemical score was used to record the results of GFAP staining according to the system established by Catherine L. Nutt et al. Results: Thirty seven cases were diagnosed as astrocytoma, while 8 cases out of ependymoma, 4 cases of oligodendroglioma, and three cases medulloblastoma were shown. In addition, this study revealed that one case for each of: oligoastrocytoma, Medulloepithelioma, atypical rhabdoid tumor and astroblastoma. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) was expressed in 85.7% of neuroepithelial tumors. Higher GFAP positivity was found in glioma than other types of neuroepithelial tumors (P value <0.05). On the other hand, GFAP was expressed in (36%) of astrocytoma. In oligodendroglioma, 3 cases out of 4 were positive while all cases of ependymoma were positive. In addition, oligoastrocytoma was positive while the remaining cases of neuroepithelial tumors were negative. In general, each type of glioma had special staining pattern of GFAP. GFAP status was found to be inversely related with the grade of glioma (P value <0.05). Conclusions: GFAP is expressed more frequently in glioma than in other neuroepithelial tumors and this result is similar to many other studies done outside Iraq and it is correlated inversely with the grade of tumor. So, it is a valid supplementary diagnostic procedure for neuroepithelial tumors and a reliable marker to differentiate between glial from non-glial tumors on one hand and between different types of glial tumors on the other hand.
Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology, 1982
We have extended our analysis of human tumors using antibodies specific for each of the five types of intermediate filaments to neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, ependymoblastoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma. Tumor cells in the three cases of neuroblastoma, as well as in the single case of alveolar soft part sarcoma, did not react positively with sera directed against any of the five intermediate filament types. We suppose, therefore, that neuroblastoma at least may be derived from a cell type - possibly present in peripheral neurones - which in vivo has very few or no intermediate filaments. In ganglioneuroblastoma and in pheochromocytoma the tumor cells were positive when tested with antibodies directed against neurofilaments and negative with those directed against other intermediate filament types. The ependymoblastoma was positive when tested with antibodies directed against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA) and negative when tested with antibodies a...
Most frequent molecular and immunohistochemical markers present in selected types of brain tumors
General physiology and biophysics, 2014
Tumors of brain tissue and meninges create a heterogeneous group with various biological behavior, therapy management and differing prognosis. Some of these do not require treatment, some can be cured by surgery and some are rapidly fatal despite treatment. Despite huge progress in tumor research, innovations in diagnostic tools and therapy, prognosis remains, in case of malignant tumor types, very serious. There has been an increased understanding of molecular abnormalities occurring in primary brain tumors. Genome-wide analyses of tumors have improved the knowledge in tumor biology. The aim of the research is to explain the oncogenesis features thus leading to the use of new therapeutic modalities in order to prolong survival rate of patients and at the same time providing satisfactory life quality. This article offers a short review of the basic genetic alterations present with some histological types of brain tumors.
PubMed, 2009
The present study shows the histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects encountered in 49 benign tumors with neural origin diagnosed in the Pathology Department of the Emergency County Hospital of Craiova between 2000 and 2007. Histopathological criteria were used for the histopathological diagnosis, having been diagnosed 22 neurofibromas and 27 schwannomas. Histopathological examination was completed by the immunohistochemical examination using anti-S100 and anti-vimentin antibodies, anti-CD34, anti-CD57 and anti-neurofilament antibodies, as well as the Ki67 proliferation marker. Both tumors showed positive immunostaining for S100, CD34, CD57, but of varying intensity and distribution. Schwannomas and neurofibromas showed a low proliferation index (<5%).
Virchows Archiv A Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, 1992
In 42 tumour samples of human neuroblastoma, histological classification by differentiation (Shimada) was significantly correlated with strong positivity for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and inversely correlated with rosette formation. Most ganglioneuroblastomas were positive for S-100 protein and reacted strongly with NSE antibody. Histological signs of high proliferative activity included intermediate or high mitosis-karyorrhexis index, necrosis and lack of calcification, which were significantly correlated with each other. Flow cytometric DNA analysis demonstrated that 88% of the tumour samples had DNA aneuploid stem lines. High S phase fraction (> 0.20) was significantly correlated with necrosis and lack of calcification. Univariate analysis of prognosis for 26 patients whose tumour samples were obtained before adjuvant treatment showed that five factors were significantly related to a better outcome: early stage of the disease (stages I, II, IVS), S phase fraction < 0.20, favourable Shimada histology, positivity for S-100 protein, and strong positivity for NSE. In multivariate analysis, only S phase fraction or stage of disease remained significantly associated with prognosis. DNA index did not correlate with prognosis in this study.
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 1998
We explored the use of multiple molecular markers to overcome tumor heterogeneity. Sixty-seven neuroblastoma (NB) tumors were tested for the expression of GAGE, MAGE-1, MAGE-2, MAGE-3, and MAGE-4 by reverse transcription-PCR. Eighty-two percent of 67 NB tumors had detectable GAGE, and 88% expressed at least one of the four MAGE genes. By combining GAGE and MAGE, we found that 64 of 67 (95%) of tumors became detectable and 17 of 67 coexpressed all five molecular markers. Neither GAGE nor MAGE expression correlated with stage. GAGE was found to have the broadest (18 of 18) expression among stage 4 tumors. A total of 259 bone marrows from 99 patients were then studied for NB positivity by four detection methods: histology (aspirate by Wright-Giemsa and biopsy by H&E staining), immunocytology (by a panel of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies), and molecular detection by GAGE and tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA. Two hundred seven samples were NB positive by one or more detection methods. All four ...