Water Soluble Carbon Nanotubes Affect Growth of the Common Gram (Cicer Arietinum) (original) (raw)
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Growth stimulation of gram (Cicer arietinum) plant by water soluble carbon nanotubes
Water soluble carbon nanotubes (wsCNTs) show enhancement of the growth rate of common gram (Cicer arietinum) plants. Treating plants with up to 6.0 mg mL1 of wsCNT shows an increased growth rate in every part of the plant including the roots, shoots and also in branching. The noticeable difference between the wsCNT treated and controlled gram is the water uptake; in the former it is dramatically enhanced, suggesting better water absorption and retention related to enhanced growth. This work shows that unlike CNTs, wsCNTs are non-toxic to plant cells that conserve water transport in plants
Interaction of carbon nanotubes with plant system: a review
Carbon Letters, 2020
Recent years have witnessed remarkable development in the field of nanotechnology and it has been affirmed that carbonbased nanomaterials have wide applications in agriculture, industrial, biomedical and environmental sectors. Due to distinctive physicochemical properties of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), they have been extensively utilized in plant science as a growth promoter, and thus, could be a boon for biomass production of agricultural products. Studies suggest that CNTs help increase the plant's ability to absorb water and essential nutrients, thereby increasing growth. Apart from this, CNTs have been scrutinized for their utilization in genetic engineering for the delivery of genes, proteins or drugs. However, the literature discloses mixed effects of CNTs exposure on plants like in inducing oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, studies concerning CNTs interaction with plant system is at a nascent stage and needs further investigations to explore the mechanisms influencing the growth and toxicity in plants. Therefore, this review attempts to highlight the current literature on CNTs (including both single walled and multi walled) exposure on plants. It also explores unresolved challenges, as well as recommendations to ensure sustainable development of CNTs while minimizing any possible adverse health impacts.
Plant and Microbial Growth Responses to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Journal of Nanosciences: Current Research, 2018
Carbon nanotubes, made of graphene, one of the world's strongest material, has shown properties that are used in applications such as energy storage devices, electron emission devices, and environmental engineering application. Recently, researchers have focused on determining the effects of carbon nanotubes on soil microorganisms and plants. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if the multi-walled carbon nanotubes will affect the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris as well as inhibit the growth of select soil microbes. Methods: The effects of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes were determined on bean plants grown under hydroponic conditions and on select soil microbes. Two weeks after germination, the plants were exposed to different concentrations of dispersed multi-walled carbon. The different concentrations were 0 ug (control), 50 µg, 250 µg, 500 µg, 750 µg and 1000 µg mLˉˡ. The growth was reported weekly by measuring the plants themselves, the diameter of the leaf, length and width, the roots, and the fruits. Cultures of Mesorhizobium sp. and Nitrosomonas stercoris were exposed to the 0 µg (control), 50 µg, 250 µg, 500 µg, 750 µg and 1000 µg mLˉˡ of dispersed MWCNTs then incubated in the BioScreen reader. The optical density was reported every 30 minutes for 24 hours. Results: Our results showed that at 50 µg/mL, bean plants exhibited tolerance to the multi-walled carbon nanotubes whereas at 250 µg/mL and 500 µg/mL of MWCNTs plants showed reduced growth and development and even plant death. Aliquots of 750 µg/mL and above of MWCNTs lowered the microbial biomass. The presence of high concentrations of carbon nanotubes is likely to cause stress to microbes and the direct contact of CNTs with microbes could damage their cell membrane leading to cell death. Conclusion: As results of this study, the concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes should be set at a maximum of 500 µg mLˉˡ when being released to the soil or environment.
Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Plant Growth and Development: A Review
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2023
A subsidiary discipline that arose as a combination of biotechnology and nano-science is of "nano-biotechnology", which involves wide-ranging applications of the physicochemical properties of nanostructures in the agricultural and biomedical domains. Nanotechnology has seen numerous breakthroughs and developments in a short course of time and given rise to newer branches of scientific research. Carbon derived nanomaterials, especially nanotubes (CNTs) have arisen as extremely promising nanostructures with a wide range of applications because of their unique properties. The thoughtful employment of CNTs, in the arena of plant development has resulted in an improvement in the growth parameters of diverse groups of plants. The uptake of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) influences the output of plants, potentially through interactions between the plant DNA and CNTs. The current review suggests the possibility of employing CNTs as a growth stimulating additive when administered in low doses, along with explaining the background of their occurrence and useful attributes. The review focusses on the potential of CNTs in transforming agricultural practices in the near future and providing sustainable solutions to some of the most serious problems plaguing plant growth and development. Finally, it emphasizes on the need for a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms which would pave the way for the use of these materials in agriculture, emerging as a novel technology.
Carbon Nanotubes Induce Growth Enhancement of Tobacco Cells
ACS Nano, 2012
Carbon nanotubes have shown promise as regulators of seed germination and plant growth. Here, we demonstrate that multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have the ability to enhance the growth of tobacco cell culture (55À64% increase over control) in a wide range of concentrations (5À500 μg/mL). Activated carbon (AC) stimulated cell growth (16% increase) only at low concentrations (5 μg/mL) while dramatically inhibited the cellular growth at higher concentrations (100À500 μg/mL). We found a correlation between the activation of cells growth exposed to MWCNTs and the upregulation of genes involved in cell division/cell wall formation and water transport. The expression of the tobacco aquaporin (NtPIP1) gene, as well as production of the NtPIP1 protein, significantly increased in cells exposed to MWCNTs compared to control cells or those exposed to AC. The expression of marker genes for cell division (CycB) and cell wall extension (NtLRX1) was also up-regulated in cells exposed to MWCNTs compared to control cells or those exposed to activated carbon only.
Nanomaterials, 2014
Phytotoxicity is a significant consideration in understanding the potential environmental impact of nanoparticles. Abundant experimental data have shown that multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are toxic to plants, but the potential impacts of exposure remain unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate possible phytotoxicity of MWNTs at 0, 20, 200, 1000, and 2000 mg/L with red spinach, lettuce, rice, cucumber, chili, lady's finger, and soybean, based on root and shoot growth, cell death, and electrolyte leakage at the seedling stage. After 15 days of hydroponic culture, the root and shoot lengths of red spinach, lettuce, and cucumber were significantly reduced following exposure to 1000 mg/L and 2000 mg/L MWNTs. Similar toxic effects occurred regarding cell death and electrolyte leakage. Red spinach and lettuce were most sensitive to MWNTs, followed by rice and cucumber. Very little or no toxic effects were observed for chili, lady's finger, and soybean.
Beneficial role of carbon nanotubes on mustard plant growth: an agricultural prospect
2011
Nowadays an increasing application of nanotechnology in different fields has arisen an extensive debate about the effect of the engineered nanoparticles on environment. Phytotoxicity of nanoparticles has come into limelight in the last few years. However, very few studies have been done so far on the beneficial aspects of nanoparticles on plants. In this article, we report the beneficial effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) having diameter of *30 nm on Brassica juncea (mustard) seeds. Measurements of germination rate, T 50 (time taken for 50% germination), shoot and root growth have shown encouraging results using low concentration of oxidized MWCNT (OMWCNT) treated seeds as compared to non-oxidized as well as high concentration OMWCNT treated seeds. For toxicity study we measured the germination index and relative root elongation, while conductivity test and infra-red spectra were also performed to study the overall effect of oxidized and non-oxidized nanotubes on mustard seeds and seedlings.
Growth Stimulation in Wheat and Brinjal by Impact of Water-Soluble Carbon Nanotubes
Nano-biotechnology came as a hybrid discipline, a combination of biotechnology and nano-science. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have wide range of applications because of their unique properties. Seeds of wheat (Var.3043) and brinjal (Var.PPL) were exposed to different concentrations of-OH functionalized carbon nanotubes either directly or indirectly through the nutrient media. Factors such as seed germination, root elongation, plant biomass (fresh and dry), root length, shoot length, number of leaves, etc. were evaluated. No oxidative stress or change in photosynthetic activity was observed. The observations were taken at least thrice a week and the day of germination was also observed. It was seen that a treatment with MWCNTs led to an early germination in the treated samples vis-à-vis control. The treated seedlings showed improved growth parameters in terms of their root length, shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight. An improvement in the percent seed germination was also observed. Our findings suggest a possibility of the use of carbon nanotubes as growth stimulating additive when used in low doses. A detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms would pave the way for the use of these materials in agriculture, where they could soon emerge as a novel technology.