Analysis of Physical Properties of Biomass Briquettes Prepared by Wet Briquetting Method (original) (raw)
Related papers
Analysis of Physical Properties of Biomass Briquettes Prepared by Wet Briquetting
2013
Abstract:- Biomass material such as rice straw, banana leaves and teak leaves (Tectona grandis) are densified by means of wet briquetting process at lower pressures of 200-1000 kPa using a piston press. Shear strength, durability, impact resistance and calorific values are determined. Optimum densities for each type of briquette for good quality and their corresponding die pressures were determined. Shear strength and durability increases with the applied die pressure while impact resistance is not influenced by increasing die pressure. Keywords:- Biomass, Briquettes, wet briquettes, Shear strength, Impact resistance, calorific value I.
This work aimed at improving the density and durability of biomass briquettes made by composting and pressing biomass (wet method). Though this type of briquettes requires much less energy to form, they are usually of much lower density compared to briquettes made from dry biomass. In this experimental work three parameters were considered, which are type of biomass, composting time, and moisture content. Biomass samples were mixed with water and left to decompose for varying number of days. The moisture content of samples was conditioned accordingly and briquettes were made from these samples using a die and a pressing machine. Briquettes were tested for density and durability. Results show that among saw dust, groundnut shells and rice husk briquettes, rice husk briquettes attain highest density (up to 0.47g/cm3 ). For all three biomass types, durability index tend to increase with an increase in moisture content. Durability of groundnut shells and rice husk briquettes tend to decrease with an increase in composting time while that of saw dust increase with composting time. For all the three biomasses, the apparent density decreases with an increase in moisture content. For groundnut shells and rice husks the density increases with compositing time while for saw dust the change in density is negligible. In general it can be concluded that better and denser briquettes can be obtained by as long as possible composting time and as low as possible moisture content (but sufficient for bonds formation). However the lower moisture content will decrease durability. Also, saw dust is not recommended for wet briquettes unless long composting time is available. It can be recommended that briquettes which may be subjected to harsh handling and transportation be made using higher moisture content.
Production and Characterization of Hybrid Briquette from Biomass
The objective of this research was to investigate the quality of hybrid briquettes developed from corncobs (CC) and oil palm trunk bark (OPTB) under a low-pressure densification technique. The materials were combined in varying ratios of CC to OPTB (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) and wastepaper pulp (10% by weight) was added to each mixture as a binder. The briquettes were produced using a manually operated 20-tonne hydraulic piston press at 28 • C temperature and ≤7 MPa compaction pressure. The mechanical strength of the briquettes was determined by the drop test and compression test methods, while a bomb calorimeter was used to determine the calorific values. The results showed that the physical properties of hybrid briquettes ranged from 9.24-10.00% moisture content, 0.38-0.40 g/cm 3 density, and 87.60%-92.00% water resistance. Mechanical strength showed a 98.28%-99.08% shatter index and 18.47-21.75 MPa compressive strength, while calorific values ranged from 16.54-16.91 MJ/kg. The hybrid briquettes fared better than the CC briquettes. The significance of this study lies in the production of briquettes with suitable physical, mechanical and thermal properties by utilizing OPTB which have hitherto not been used, mixed with corncobs. This could bring substantial environmental and socioeconomic benefits to rural communities of the developing countries.
Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Analysis for Loose Biomass Making Briquettes
The main objective of the project is to develop the loose biomass waste to briquettes primarily to explore value of application avenues. The loose biomass waste composites to briquettes are developed in India on the basis of two strategy of preventing depletion of agricultural and forest wastages. In this raw material marigold (gillyflower), rose flower, lemon peels, orange peels, gigantean leaves, thorny leaves to briquettes based composites material with the addition of Synthetic adhesives binder have been developed substitutes for coal charcoal of briquettes & high density and comparison of wood. In this project the biomass wastages were fabricated by combining materials of moulding box in copped from hand lay method. A synthetic adhesive (INDOCOL-DLD) was used as the matrix material. The mechanical and thermal properties of these samples were investigated according to IS and ASTM standards. From the result it was observed that the comparison of biomass briquettes and wood with high calorific value and density and also very less carbon sulphur emission. The biomass briquettes are equal amount of compressive strength and durability has been observed. Briquettes have much lower ash content (20-40% as compared to wood or coal).
Material and operating variables affecting the physical quality of biomass briquettes
Biomass is a renewable energy source and environmentally friendly substitute for fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum products. Biomass has low bulk density, which makes it very difficult and costly to transport and handle. One of the very good strategies to overcome these difficulties is to densify the biomass to a high density product like briquettes. Briquetting is influenced by a number of material properties such as moisture content, particle size distribution, and some operating variables such as temperature and densification pressure. In this study, experiments were designed and performed to produce briquettes using barley straw, canola straw, oat straw, and wheat straw. The chopped samples were densified using laboratory hydraulic press briquetting machine under three pressure levels (7.5, 10, 12.5 MPa), three levels of temperature (90, 110, 130ºC), at three moisture content levels (9, 12, 15% w.b.), and three levels of particle size (19.1, 25.04, 31.75 mm). For each treatment combination, ten briquettes were manufactured at a residence time of about 30 s. After compression, the dimensions of all the samples were measured; samples were then stored in Ziploc bags at a controlled environment for two weeks. Durability, dimensional stability, and moisture content tests were conducted after two weeks of storage of the briquettes. Results of the analysis indicated that moisture content plays a significant role on briquettes durability, stability, and density. Low moisture content of the straws (9-12%) gives better, denser, more stable, and more durable briquettes than moisture content at 15%.. The axial expansion was more significant than the lateral expansion, which in some cases tended to be nil depending on the treatment combination of the material and operating variables. At high temperature (130oC) and low moisture (9-12%), compacts with high durability rating were produced. At high pressure (12.5 MPa) and low moisture (9-12%), compact with high density were obtained. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that temperature has positive correlation with durability rating and no significant effect on the density, while pressure is positively correlated with the compact density.
Nnkkmlll, EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME BIOMASS BRIQUETTES
In many developing countries, the use of energy in the form of firewood, twigs and charcoal has been the major source of renewable energy due to the high cost of cooking gas and kerosene. This necessitated the use of agricultural and wood wastes in producing briquette as alternatives. In this work, the physical properties (compressed density, relaxed density, length expansion and swelling thickness) of some biomass briquettes of different sizes were evaluated. They are maize stalk (0.6, 1.0, 2.36, 4.75, 8.0, 9.5 and12.5mm), rice husks (0.6, 1.0, and 2.36mm), and sawdust (0.6, 1.0, 2.36, 4.75, 8.0, 9.5 and12.5mm. It was discovered that rice husk briquette of 0.6mm particle size showed better compressed and relaxed density than the other briquettes. Also, the briquettes produced from 0.6mm particle size for the three biomass materials showed better result for swelling thickness while rice husks of particle size of 0.6mm with 3% starch content showed better result for length expansion. It can therefore be concluded that the smaller the particle size of the briquette considered the better the physical properties evaluated. However, it is recommended that the production of good biomass briquettes should include moderate starch proportion or other good binder in order to influence the physical properties.
2021
In this study, a simple manually operated briquetting machine suitable for use in rural community with no access to electricity supply was fabricated. A three (3) tone hydraulic jack and a pressure gauge were installed to allow for pressure variation. Some physical and combustion properties such as the compressed density, shatter index, hydrophobicity, combustion rate and ignition time of the produced briquettes were determined at the three (3) different compaction pressures of 420.4 kN/m2 , 525.5 kN/m2 and 630.6 kN/m2 . Rice husk (RH), sawdust (SD) and composite briquettes of rice husk and sawdust (RH/SD) were produced using cassava starch as a binder. The developed biomass briquetting machine had a minimum and maximum production capacities of 20 kg/hr and 30 kg/hr respectively. The results showed that the physical properties improved at an increasing compaction pressure. All the produced briquettes at different compaction pressures from the different biomass exhibited over 90% shatter index while the briquette produced from RH at compaction pressure of 525.5 kN/m2 had the highest combustion rate. The RH/SD briquette moulded at compaction pressure of 630.6 kN/m2 had the least combustion rate. The ignition time of the briquettes increased with increasing compaction pressure from 1.28 to 1.58. However, this study found that the RH biomass briquette exhibited a superior solid fuel quality property compared to the other briquette samples. Therefore, this study recommends the RH briquette as a sustainable source of solid biofuel
Energy and Mechanical Characterization of Briquettes Made from Waste
2020
The biomass briquettes can produce a higher quality solid biofuel than the residual biomass material. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of paraffin as a binder in the sorghum briquettes formation. Three treatments were used: (T1) 100% sorghum + without heating; (T2) 96% sorghum + 4% paraffin + without heating and (T3) 96% sorghum + 4% paraffin + heating. Some biomass characteristics were observed such as: moisture content, bulk density and energy characteristics (fixed carbon, volatile, ashes and high heating value). The mechanical characteristics (expansion, maximum strength at the moment of rupture and friability) were also evaluated. The high heating value of the biomass without and with paraffin were 4446 kcal.kg -1 and 7.144,96 kcal.kg -1 , respectively. T3 provided better results with a size stabilization after 6 hours, a mechanical resistance of 0.75 MPa and a friability index of 0.96%. All treatments were classified as very poorly friable materials. The briq...
Resources, 2022
The development of this research work seeks to determine the mechanical behavior of the compacted mixture of pine sawdust and rice husk by varying the mass percentages of these biomasses obtained in briquettes, with the purpose of being marketed. The finite element software ANSYS is used to corroborate the results obtained for the samples named AIO, BIO and CIO with rice husk mass percentages of 25, 50 and 75, respectively. In the computational simulations, Young’s moduli of between 651 and 813 MPa and a Poisson’s ratio of 0.8 were found for all samples. In compression tests, Von Mises stresses of between 87 and 90 MPa and Von Mises strains between 0.09 and 0.12 m/m were found. Free-fall tests showed von Mises stresses below 4.24 MPa. It was determined that increasing the percentage of rice husk mass in the simulation models increased the value of Young’s modulus and compressive strength, this is a positive indication in relation to the strength of the formed briquettes, in case the...
Mechanical Properties Of Composite Biomass Briquettes
Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, 2015
In the handling and usage processes, sufficient density and durability of biomass (straw, read) briquettes should be provided. For the briquettes density standards determined the value ρ > 1.0 g cm-3. In ? the densification process usually fine grinded particles are used, what significantly increases energy consumption for stalk material cutting. Calculated energy consumption for common reed cutting to sizes less than 3 mm was > 7 kJ kg-1 but for size 20 mm it was approximately 1 kJ kg-1. The goal of the investigation was to obtain the necessary density and durability of briquettes of larger biomass particles by arranging them. The orientation of straw or reed stalks had to promote binding by the pressing operation. The long stalk linking, in the picture of coloured stalk briquettes sections, is good visible. Crushing force dependence on particle size for arranged structure briquettes is stated in laboratory experiments. The specific splitting force of arranged structure coars...