Synbiotic Effect on Immune Response of Experimentally Infected Broiler Chickens With E.COLI and Salmonella (original) (raw)
Related papers
2021
Broilers are frequently infected with Escherichia coli (E.Coli) bacteria, which often leads to the emergence of many diseases and high economic losses. Hence, the present study was performed to assess the comparative efficacy of dietary rosemary and fenugreek, under E.Coli-infection in broilers, via evaluation of growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological response and histo-morphological changes. Eighty Cobb broilers were allotted to four equal groups (n=20 chicks/group); control non-infected (CN), control infected (CI), rosemary infected (RI) and fenugreek infected (FI) groups. RI and FI groups showed a significant elevation in their body weight and body weight gain compared with CI group. Moreover, both groups revealed a significant decline in serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities, as well as uric acid and creatinine levels. Significant decreases of total antioxidant capacity, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were noted among CI chicks. Mo...
In trial to investigate the immunostimulant and antioxidant activities of Moringaoleifera and Sweet basil as a natural feed additives on chicken. A total of 120 one-day-old, broiler chickens (Cobb) were randomly assigned to 6 groups, each of 20 as follows: G1 (control); G2 (5% Moringaoleifera); G3 (0.5% Sweet basil); G4 (E. coli 2×10 7 cfu); G5 (5% Moringaoleifera and E. coli) and G6 (0.5% Sweet basil and E. coli). The total body weight, immune response and antioxidant parameters as well as histopathological investigation were detected. There were significant decreases in live body weight and body weight gain in the infected group. While, infected treated groups resulted in a significant increase in total body weight compared to the infected group. The immunological results, there were a significant increase in the level of interleukin 6, IgG and IgM in the infected group as compared to control. While, infected treated groups showed a significant decrease as compared to the infected group. The antioxidant parameters results, there were a significant increase in MDA level with a significant decrease in SOD and GSH levels in the infected group as compared to control. While, infected treated groups showed a significant decrease in MDA level and a significant increase in SOD and GSH levels as compared to the infected group. The histopathological examination, there were vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes and lymphocyte infiltration, destruction and shortening of intestinal villi, focal necrosis of renal tubules with massive aggregation of lymphocytes and there was lymphoid depletion in bursa, thymus and spleen in the infected non treated group. While, the treated groups observed improvement in lesions as compared to infected group. It could be concluded that Moringaoleifera and Sweet basil has a role as immune response and antioxidant as well as controlling and prevention of E. coli infection.
Clinicopathological Studies on the Effect of Some Antibacterial Medicinal Plants in Broilers
In trial to investigate the immunostimulant and antioxidant activities of Moringaoleifera and Sweet basil as a natural feed additives on chicken. A total of 120 one-day-old, broiler chickens (Cobb) were randomly assigned to 6 groups, each of 20 as follows: G1 (control); G2 (5% Moringaoleifera); G3 (0.5% Sweet basil); G4 (E. coli 2×10 7 cfu); G5 (5% Moringaoleifera and E. coli) and G6 (0.5% Sweet basil and E. coli). The total body weight, immune response and antioxidant parameters as well as histopathological investigation were detected. There were significant decreases in live body weight and body weight gain in the infected group. While, infected treated groups resulted in a significant increase in total body weight compared to the infected group. The immunological results, there were a significant increase in the level of interleukin 6, IgG and IgM in the infected group as compared to control. While, infected treated groups showed a significant decrease as compared to the infected group. The antioxidant parameters results, there were a significant increase in MDA level with a significant decrease in SOD and GSH levels in the infected group as compared to control. While, infected treated groups showed a significant decrease in MDA level and a significant increase in SOD and GSH levels as compared to the infected group. The histopathological examination, there were vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes and lymphocyte infiltration, destruction and shortening of intestinal villi, focal necrosis of renal tubules with massive aggregation of lymphocytes and there was lymphoid depletion in bursa, thymus and spleen in the infected non treated group. While, the treated groups observed improvement in lesions as compared to infected group. It could be concluded that Moringaoleifera and Sweet basil has a role as immune response and antioxidant as well as controlling and prevention of E. coli infection.
International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2020
Nowadays, with increasing bacterial resistance, finding new antimicrobial agents to replace herbal remedies with less side effects than conventional drugs has provided. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oil on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. In this experimental study, rosemary was prepared from Tabriz city and the essential oil was extracted after drying by water distillation using Clevenger apparatus. The essential oil components were identified by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oil of 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625 and 0.312% of essential oil was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Based on the results of GC-MS analysis, 19 compounds were identified, of which 1.8 Cineole and α-pinen had the highest essential oil composition. MIC and MBC of essential oils were obtained on S. aureus (0.625 and 1.25%) and E. coli (1.25 and 2.5%), respectively. The results of this study showed that rosemary essential oil has remarkable antibacterial activity and can be used as a suitable replacement for synthetic antibiotics.
Antibacterial activities of rosemary essential oils and their components against pathogenic bacteria
Advances in Cytology & Pathology, 2018
There are many known essential oils, of which only 300 are commercially important for different types of industry. Antimicrobials are used in food for two main reasons: to control natural spoilage processes and to prevent/control growth of microorganisms , including pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this review was to investigate antibacterial effects of rosemary essential oils (EOs) on some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium. Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil is very important for its medicinal uses and its powerful antibacterial, cytotoxic, anti-mutagenic, antioxidant, anti-phlogistic and chemopreventive properties. The antimicrobial and other biological activities of rosemary essential oil are directly correlated with the presence of bioactive volatile components. To this end, one possibility has been the use of rosemary essential oils (EOs) and the compounds found there in as alternative antimicrobial food preservatives. The future will see investigation of food applications of the naturally occurring antimicrobials, especially the effectiveness of rosemary EOs, individually and in combination with other parts of plant extract, other effective EOs and other food-processing techniques.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES
Windisch et al. (5) reported that phytogenic additives improve the microbiological status of the intestines (reduce the number of pathogens and increase the total number of beneficial bacteria), resulting in improved immunity, increased resistance to digestive tract diseases, and increased production performance. However, the effectiveness of phytobiotic additives, especially in natural form, can be very variable, affected by many factors: source of used herb, harvest time, used parts of the plant, physical properties, feed composition/interaction, etc. This can be part of the explanation for contradictory results of studies on the use of herbs in broiler nutrition and the constant need for further research on phytobiotics. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), a perennial aromatic plant from the family Lamiaceae, contains resin, tannin, and small amounts of saponin. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of rosemary is well known, and among others, confirmed by authors (6,7). Phenolic compounds are responsible for antimicrobial action (8). The antioxidative activity of rosemary is due to phenolic
Antibacterial Properties of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis)
South Asian Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Medicinal herbs have long been used as traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases. The increasing use of synthetic antibiotics today has led to an increase in resistant strains and high side effects. In this regard, every year many researchers from this huge plant source are sending a range of secondary compounds to the consumer market for the treatment of human diseases. Therefore, the identification of herbs with antimicrobial effects can help to produce new drugs with a broad spectrum of effects. This study, based on scientific references, describes information on the antimicrobial effects of rosemary.
… and Animal Health, 2011
Increasing antibiotic resistance of veterinary importance is of global health significance and concerns, due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria originating from animals; therefore, easily obtainable and cheap alternatives to antibiotic use in prophylaxis and also as growth promoters are imperative. Antibiotic resistance of 73 and 51 gram-negative, indicator bacterial strains isolated from 68 crop and 51 gizzard contents of layer hens respectively, and identified as Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrio species were determined. The bacterial flora exhibited in vitro resistance to one or more antibiotics but the most generally resisted antibiotics (discs) were amoxycillin (66.7 to 100%; 71.4 to 100%), augmentin (64.3 to 100%; 50.0 to 100%), cotrimoxazole (42.6 to 100%; 42.1 to 100%), nitrofurantoin (32.1 to 66.7%; 25.0 to 100%) and tetracycline (36.4 to 60.0%; 42.1 to 100%) respectively; while 31 different antibiotic resistant patterns were recorded. Essential oils of Eugenia aromatica (90.9 to 100%), Ageratum (27.3 to 100%), Chrysophyllum albidum juice (22.2 to 100%), lactic acid (100%), acetic acid (72.7 to 100%) and carvone (33.3 to 100%) were however, inhibitory towards the multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. This study is the first to conclude that essential oils of Ageratum, Eugenia, Anacardium, as well as carvone, Chrysophyllum albidum juice, lactic and acetic acids can serve as easily-produced, natural bio-antibacterial agents of poultry importance instead of antibiotics, in Nigeria.
The effect of aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) contaminated feed on performance parameters (feed intake, body weight and feed conversion ratio) and on Immune response on antibody titers of Newcastle Disease, Infectious Bronchitis and Avian Influenza content was investigated in broiler chicks using 240 unsexed Ross 308, were randomly allotted into 4 treatments with 3 replicates having 20 chicks each i.e. Control; AFB1 (600ppb); ROS (500ppm) and AF+ROS (600ppb + 500ppm). Feed contaminated with aflatoxin B1 caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in feed conversion ratios, a decrease in body weight and a significant (P<0.05) increase in feed consumption. ND, IB and Ai titer values were increased due to aflatoxin presence in the diet. The Rosemary could essence have incompletely restored the negative impacts of aflatoxin in the diet and the better values on all studied parameters were noticed in the Rosemary alone treatment group.