Late onset vitiligo: A study of 182 patients (original) (raw)
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Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is an acquired primary, usually progressive, melanocytopenia of unknown aetiology clinically manifested by circumscribed achromic macules and histologically by degeneration and disappearance of melanocytes in involved skin. Childhood vitiligo deserves special attention as it has unique epidemiological features. We wanted to determine, compare and analyze the clinical and epidemiological features and autoimmune disease associations in childhood vitiligo and adult vitiligo. METHODS It was a prospective cross-sectional observational hospital-based clinical study conducted in a suburban medical college hospital over 20 months which involved 120 patients with vitiligo who were assessed using detailed history and clinical examination for demographic and clinical data. Relevant history and family history were noted. Investigations including complete hemogram, serum biochemistry profile, thyroid profile and fasting plasma glucose examination were performed in all patient...
Vitiligo: A part of a systemic autoimmune process
Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, 2007
Background: Recent clinical and animal experimental studies postulate that the pathogenetic mechanisms of vitiligo could be of systemic origin as vitiligo is associated with ocular and auditory abnormalities as well as other autoimmune disorders. Hence, we studied genetic factors, systemic associations, ocular and auditory abnormalities of vitiligo. Methods: The study group included 150 new cases of various types of vitiligo. One hundred age-and sex-matched nonvitiligo cases were included as controls in the study. A complete family history was taken for all patients. Examination was carried out taking note of the type of vitiligo and approximate percentage of body surface involved. All relevant laboratory investigations, a thorough audiological examination including pure tone audiometry and a complete ophthalmologic examination were carried out in all patients and controls. Statistical analysis was done using the Chi square test. Results: Fifty-four vitiligo patients (36%) had a family history of vitiligo. Anemia was present in 30 (20%) vitiligo patients but only in five (5%) controls, a difference that was statistically significant (χ 2 = 15.8, P < 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was present in 24 (16%) vitiligo patients and only 2 (2%) of controls (Chi square, χ 2 = 12.4, P < 0.001). Hypothyroidism and alopecia areata were present in 18 (12%) and 11 (7.4%) vitiligo patients respectively and none of the controls. Hypoacusis was seen in 30 (20%) vitiligo patients and two (2%) controls (χ 2 = 8.19, P < 0.005).Twenty-four vitiligo patients (16%) and five controls (5%) had specific ocular abnormalities like uveitis, iris and retinal pigmentary abnormalities (χ 2 = 7.39, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates statistically significant clinical evidence confirming that vitiligo is a part of systemic autoimmune process.
Evaluation of Some common clinical factors in extensive vitiligo- a case control study
International Journal of Medical Research and Review
Introduction: Vitiligo is a common depigmenting disorder with profound stigma. Prevalence of vitiligo is 0.5% to 1%. Information about association of progressive vitiligo are well known. Prognostic factors of vitiligo also enlisted. However, little information is available on the risk factors for developing extensive vitiligo. Aims and Objectives: Aims of the study was to identify-factors which are associated with extensive vitiligo (involving more than 5% of the body surface area). The following risk factors were evaluated, Onset before 20 years of age, Duration of disease greater than 2 years, Presence of Koebner's phenomenon, Family history of vitiligo, Presence of leucotrichia and Mucosal involvement. Materials and Methods: A case control study were designed. Patients with Vitiligo > 5% body surface area involvement were classified as cases and <5% body surface area were labeled as controls. The frequency of evaluating associated clinical factors among the cases and controls were used to evaluate the extensive vitiligo's association with risk factors (disease risk associated exposure). Results: Two hundred and eleven patients were evaluated. The mean age at onset was 19.07+13.51 (+SD) years. Acrofacial vitiligo was the commonest type of vitiligo. Duration of disease more than 2 years, presence of Koebner's Phenomenon, Family history, Symmetry of lesions, milky white colour of lesion, presence of Leucotrichia, mucosal involvement and Acrofacial type vitiligo had statistically significant (p<.05) association with extensive vitiligo. Ratio of the odds of the outcomes in two groups was noted significant with Duration of disease more than 2 years, Koebner,s Phenomenon, Mucosal involvement and Leucotrichia. Conclusion: This case-control study has demonstrated a weak association between extensive vitiligo and duration of disease greater than 2 years. It has also indicated that koebner's phenomenon, mucosal involvement and leucotrichia are additional risk factors.
Association of other Autoimmune Diseases in Vitiligo Patients
Community Based Medical Journal, 2013
A cross sectional study of thirty eight vitiligo patients attending at the outpatients was conducted. The result revealed generalized presentation in 53.6% cases followed by focal presentation, acro-facial and segmented presentation which were 26.3% cases, 15.8%cases and 5.3% cases. Progressive type was found in majority of cases which were 71.1% cases followed by stable case which was 39.9% cases and positive family history was found in 36.8% cases in our study. Among 38 vitiligo patients highest number of associated autoimmune disease was the thyroid abnormalities of which hypothyroidism was 15.8% and hyperthyroidism was 7.9% cases respectively. Diabetes mellitus was found in 2.6% cases, Addisons disease and SLE were found in 2.6%case each. No autoimmune disease was found in the rest 68.5% cases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v2i2.16700 Community Based Medical Journal 2013 July: Vol.02 No 02: 57-61
Clinico epidemiological study of vitiligo in children
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2020
Introduction: Vitiligo is a common acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by well defined hypopigmented or depigmented macules due to absence or decrease in melanocytes. Aim: To study the clinico epidemiological pattern of vitiligo in children. Materials and Methods: A group of 50 consecutive children attending out patient in the department of DVL at Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences will be included. All the patients meeting the inclusion criteria were taken into the study. A designed, coded proforma was used for recording all the findings. Results: Almost half of the children taken for study belongs to age group of 9-11 years. Majority of the study population were females. The most common pattern of vitiligo was vitiligo vulgaris. Common site of involvement was lower limbs. The most common associated feature was leukotrichia. The most common associated condition was photosensitivity. Family history was positive in only 4% of cases. Most of them were in the active stage of disease. Conclusion: The female predominance was high in prevalence of vitiligo in children and an earlier age of onset seen among children with family history of vitiligo or autoimmune disorders. Vitiligo vulgaris is the most common presentation, and lower limbs being the most common site of involvement in children
IOSR Journals , 2019
Vitiligo is an acquired often progressive disorder of depigmentation characterised by circumscribed achromic macules often leading to a low self-esteem and social isolation. 13 The prevalence ofvitiligo in pediatric age group has been quoted to be around 25% of vitiligo patients of all ages 4,5,6,7. A Prospective observational study was designed to study clinical and epidemiological profile of vitiligo in pediatric age group in a tertiary care centre. Incidence of vitiligo in pediatric age group was found to be 34% of total vitiligo patients with female preponderance [58.9%]. Most patients presented after age of 8 years[54.9%], majority of patients [56.9%] had more than 1 year duration of disease. Presence of family history was 9.8% in first degree relatives , concomitant presence of other autoimmune diseases was 7.8%, and vitiligo vulgaris type of generalised vitiligo [51%]was most common clinical type.
Childhood Vitiligo: A Retrospective Clinico-Epidemiological Study
2020
ABSTRACTBackgroundVitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder of the skin, mucous membrane and hair follicle resulting from selective destruction of melanocytes.Aims of StudyIdentify the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of childhood vitiligo.Patients and MethodsA retrospective study carried out at the dermato-venereology clinic of Salah Al-Din Hospital. A total of 120 vitiligo patients, all younger than 17 years old, were enrolled.ResultsAmong included patients, (40%) were male and (60%) were female (M:F=2:3). The mean age of onset was (11.5±6.4 years) with (60.8%) of patients were (11-17) years old, (25%) were (6-11) years and (14.2%) were (0-5) years old. Majority of patients were from urban area (87.5%). Generalized types of vitiligo account for (56.7%) besides (22.5%), (17.5%) and (3.3%) represented focal, acrafacial and segmental vitiligo, respectively. Only (8.3%) have nail changes, presented as longitudinal ridging followed by leukonychia. Family history was positive...
Introduction Vitiligo is a skin disease, which kills melanocytes of the skin, or eliminates skin pigment, and then causes the whiteness of the skin In lesion sites. Usually white spots are seen symmetrically on both sides of the body mostly on the face, lips, hands, arms, legs and genitals. Vitiligo is more likely to be developed in late childhood (9 to 12 years) to middle age (1). This disease is the most common skin pigments disorder, with incidence rate of 0.1% to 2% in different populations (2-4). Although, the main cause of disease is unknown, possible mechanisms of genetic, autoimmune, biochemical, nervous, and viral mechanisms are involved in occurrence of the disease (1). About 50 percent of people with vitiligo have symptoms before the age of 20 years, and about 95 percent before the age of 40 years (5). Based a study by Bolognia, About a fifth of the family of the patients had been suffering from vitiligo (6). The disease can equally affect all races and both sexes (1). Vitiligo is usually divided into three types: Localized (in which the pigment-free area is limited to one or more Abstract Introduction: Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disease destroying the pigments of the skin, and subsequently causing whiteness on the body skin. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of vitiligo from patients referred to Ahvaz Imam Khomeini Hospital, Iran, 2009-2012. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed characterize on 600 patients with vitiligo referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz in January 2009 to December 2012 using sequential sampling. Data were collected using a data collection form, Included parameters of age, sex, time of onset, family history, site of lesion, type of involvement and associated diseases. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and SPSS software. Results: The mean age was 26.4±11.2 years And the majority were women. The average age of onset was 27.6 years. Mean duration of disease was 11.7 years in men and women. Obtained results showed that 34.1% of the patients had a positive family history. The hands, neck and face were the most common involved sites. The generalized type was the most common form of vitiligo. Associated disorder with vitiligo were documented in order for Leukotrichia, type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism and alopecia areata. Conclusion: This study indicated that the high percentage of vitiligo occurred in young ages therefore, it is expected that better case finding and screening methods were used to identify people with this disease so that, it can be quicker to recognize this genetic and autoimmune disease, and finally treated with better quality.