Hair Diseases (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Patients with Alopecia
Alopecia, 2018
This chapter outlines the clinical approaches for alopecic patients that are reliable in practice. We discuss three different categories of hair evaluation options: invasive methods (biopsy), semi-invasive methods (trichogram) and noninvasive methods. Besides describing the current status of diagnosis and quantification of alopecia, the chapter provides an objective assessment of these investigation tools: detailed medical history collection by structured interview and questionnaires, clinical examination of the scalp and other hair-bearing areas, laboratory investigations, assessment of hair loss distribution (patterned/diffuse/focal), dermoscopic evaluation, assessment of alopecia severity (by pull test, hair part width, counting hair test), common scales for hair loss staging, photography of alopecic areas, biopsy, trichogram, unit area trichogram, tug test, hair mount and microscopic evaluation, electron microscopy, hair card test, hair weight determination, hair densitometry, mechanical test of hair quality and computed hair analysis. Unfortunately, the disadvantages of most of these methods generate a lack of use in clinical practice, leading to few reliable evaluation methods for patients suffering from alopecia. We underline the necessity of easy, refined and precise evaluation tools for the assessment of alopecia patients.
Alopecia areata investigational assessment guidelines. National Alopecia Areata Foundation
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1999
To establish criteria for selecting and assessing subjects for both clinical and laboratory studies of alopecia areata, thereby facilitating collaboration, comparison of data, and the sharing of patient-derived tissue II. DEFINITION OF ALOPECIA AREATA Alopecia areata is a dermatologic disease characterized in its limited form by circumscribed round or oval patches of alopecia with well-demarcated borders between normal and affected scalp. There is no scale or induration of the scalp and no loss of follicular markings. Disease extent may progress from this limited form to complete loss of hair on the scalp and/or body.
Cureus
Introduction Alopecia is a common dermatological condition with varied etiologies based on age, gender and geographic location. Non-cicatricial (non-scarring) alopecia is more common but often not biopsied. Alternatively, primary cicatricial (scarring) alopecia is diagnostically more challenging and more commonly biopsied to determine the etiology. In this study, we evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of alopecia in our population. Methods We conducted a retrospective study at the Department of Histopathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Pakistan. A total of 104 patients were enrolled in the study who underwent scalp biopsy for alopecia over a period of 11 years. Clinical data were obtained from clinical referral forms, which included age, sex of the patients and duration of the lesions. Three hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections, along with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), PAS with diastase and collagen stains were examined, and histopathological diagnosis was rendered. Results Our study demonstrated that alopecia was more prevalent among females, accounting for 73.1% of cases. Most of the patients belonged to the age group of <35 years (53.8%). The type of alopecia in 88.5% of the cases was scarring, while there were 11.5% cases of non-scarring alopecia. The most common diagnoses were discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) (23.1%) and pseudopelade of Brocq (PB) (23.1%), followed by lichen planopilaris (LPP) (15.4%). A significant association was noted between the histological features and the diagnosis, as epidermal atrophy was the most common histological feature in most cases of DLE, followed by periadnexal infiltrates, lymphocytic infiltrates, follicular plugging and basement membrane thickening. In LPP, the most common histological features were perifollicular infiltrates and fibrosis. In PB, the frequently recurring histological features in most cases were the loss of sebaceous glands, dermal fibrosis and epidermal thinning. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated the key role of skin punch biopsy and histology in determining the accurate etiology of scarring alopecia. We found discoid lupus erythematosus and pseudopelade of Brocq to be the most common causes of scarring alopecia, followed by lichen planopilaris.
Quantitative Morphometric And Histochemical Studies Of Hair Follicles In Alopecia Areata
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2001
Alopecia areata (localized hair loss) is a common hair follicle disease with unclear pathogenesis. The aim of this work is to clarify the changes in the hair follicles that may ! " ! quantitative histological morphometric measurements and for histochemical analysis of hair follicles. The study revealed that there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean percent of anagen hair follicles and statistically significant increase in the mean percent of ! # from alopecia patients in comparison to that of normal volunteer. The study showed that there were statistically significant decreases in the following; anagenic and telogenic hair follicles areas, telogenic hair follicles perimeter, anagenic outer sheath thickness, hair follicles irregularity (catagen and telogen), and telogenic hair (diameter, area and perimeter). Also there were statistically significant increases in the following; hair follicles irregularities (anagen and telogen), and anagenic hair perimeter. Regar...
Histopathological Diagnosis of Alopecia Clinically Relevant to Alopecia Areata
Siriraj Medical Journal
Objective: To study the histopathological diagnosis of alopecia clinically relevant to AA and to compare the histopathology between acute and chronic AA divided by time to onset at three and six months. Materials & Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 113 patients with typical manifestation of AA. Two scalp biopsies were done horizontally and vertically to confirm diagnosis. Histological findings of AA in the acute group were subsequently compared with the chronic group. Results: Of the 113 eligible patients, 109 (96.5%) were pathologically diagnosed with AA. Other diagnoses included lichen planopilaris, lupus panniculitis, and unspecified scarring alopecia. The percentage of terminal telogen hairs in the acute group was significantly higher than the chronic group (mean % anagen: % telogen ratio = 21.2%:78.8% vs. 36.0%:64.0%; p = 0.016), while the chronic group had a significantly higher number of follicular streamers (mean ± SD; 2.5 ± 2.2 vs. 3.7 ± 2.6; p = 0.023). The...
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International
Alopecia Areata (AA) is a frequent recurrent dermatological autoimmune illness that causes patchy regions of hair loss on the scalp and/or body. It can afflict people of any age or skin type, and it affects both men and women. It is necessary to develop new diagnostic procedures. Scalp dermatoscopy is a potential new technique for diagnosing scalp and hair diseases that may be difficult to diagnose otherwise. In adults, high-potency topical corticosteroids (TCs) such as 0.05 percent clobetasol propionate in different formulations or 0.25 percent desoximetasone cream are often used, with response rates of around 47 percent and 60%, respectively. Individuals with stable conditions can benefit from CI therapy provided at home, which can be just as safe and effective as CI therapy administered in a clinic setting.
Videodermoscopy Evaluation in Non-scarring Alopecia of Scalp
International journal of pharmaceutical quality assurance, 2023
Hair is a versatile structure and great importance has been linked to it in the beautification of human beings since ages. The loss of hair, along with other changes to one's hair, can have significant psychological and social consequences. Emotional implications of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in men have been the subject of extensive research and the results suggest that men with receding are judged to be less competent, younger looking, and more physically unattractive than their non-balding peers. 1,2 Hair loss in women causes significant stress and lowers self-confidence. This incites them do try many different hair care products without knowing the primary cause, giving stimulus to the booming cosmetic products industry. 3 As of yet, no efficient and easy methods exist for gaining a more holistic understanding of hair loss, which should be patientfriendly, painless and reproducible. Until now, most of the hair and scalp conditions were examined and treated based on a naked-eye clinical examination and hand-held magnifier of 4X magnification with improper lighting, which was subjective and based on skill of the clinician. The findings were mostly ABSTRACT Introduction: Hair is a versatile structure, and its importance has been linked to it in the beautification of human beings for ages. According to studies on the psychological impacts of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in men, they are older, weaker, and less appealing. Hair loss in women gives significant stress and lowers self-confidence. Aim: To perform videodermoscopic findings in non-scarring alopecia of scalp versus control volunteers. Material and Methods: Total of 140 patients satisfied the study's inclusion criteria after a general medical examination, scalp examination (including inspection of the hair shaft and root), and hair anchoring and fragility tests. We examined the lesions with a videodermoscopy, took images, and wrote up our findings. Results: The study found that patients averaged 26.85. Onset averaged 25.15 alopecia averaged 10.3 months. Our sample had 87.7% spotty AA. Conclusion: Videodermoscopy is an effective non-invasive tool of considerable potential in dermatological practice. It is becoming popular as a hair loss differential diagnosis tool.
Frequency of the Types of Alopecia at Twenty-Two Specialist Hair Clinics: A Multicenter Study
Skin appendage disorders, 2019
Background: The frequency of different types of alopecia is not clearly reported in recent studies. Objective: To analyze the frequency of the types of alopecia in patients consulting at specialist hair clinics (SHC) and to assess for global variations. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study including data from patients evaluated at referral SHC in Europe, America, Africa and Australia. Results: A total of 2,835 patients (72.7% females and 27.3% males) with 3,133 diagnoses of alopecia were included (73% were non-cicatricial and 27% were cicatricial alopecias). In all, 57 different types of alopecia were characterized. The most frequent type was androgenetic alopecia (AGA) (37.7%), followed by alopecia areata (AA) (18.2%), telogen effluvium (TE) (11.3%), frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) (10.8%), lichen planopilaris (LPP) (7.6%), folliculitis decalvans (FD) (2.8%), discoid lupus (1.9%) Vañó-Galván et al.