Impact of the Expanded Criteria Donor Allocation System on Candidates for and Recipients of Expanded Criteria Donor Kidneys (original) (raw)
Related papers
Clinical transplantation, 2017
The value of importing expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidneys is uncertain. We retrospectively reviewed our single center experience with ECD kidney transplants (KT). Over 12.8 years, we performed 497 ECD KTs including 247 local and 250 imported from other donor service areas. The import ECD group had more donors (16% vs 9%) ≥ age 70, more zero HLA-mismatches (14% vs 2%), more KTs with a cold ischemia time >30 hours (46% vs 19%), and fewer kidneys managed with pump preservation (78% vs 92%, all p ≤ 0.05) compared to the local ECD group. Mean KDPIs were 80% import vs 84% local. With a mean follow-up of 55 months, actual patient and graft survival rates were 71% and 58% in import vs 76% and 58% in local ECD KTs, respectively. Death-censored graft survival rates were 70% in import vs 69% in local ECD KTs. Delayed graft function occurred in 28% import vs 23% local ECD KTs (p=NS) whereas the incidence of primary nonfunction was slightly higher with import ECD kidneys (4.8% vs 2.4%, p=0...
Clinical Transplantation , 2017
The value of importing expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidneys is uncertain. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our single center experience with ECD kidney transplants (KT). Results: Over 12.8 years, we performed 497 ECD KTs including 247 local and 250 imported from other donor service areas. The import ECD group had more donors (16% vs 8.5%) ≥ age 70, more zero HLA-mismatches (14% vs 2%), more KTs with a cold ischemia time >30 hours (46% vs 19%), and fewer kidneys managed with pump preservation (78% vs 92%, all p ≤ 0.05) compared to the local ECD group. Mean KDPIs were 80% import vs 84% local. With a mean follow-up of 55 months, actual patient and graft survival rates were 71% and 57.6% in import vs 76% and 57.9% in local ECD KTs, respectively. Death-censored graft survival rates were 70% in import vs 69% in local ECD KTs. Delayed graft function occurred in 28% import vs local ECD KTs (p=NS) whereas the incidence of primary nonfunction was higher with import ECD kidneys (7.2% vs 2.8%, p=0.038).
Clinical transplantation, 2015
The Kidney Allocation System (KAS) aims to improve deceased donor kidney transplant outcomes by matching of donor allografts and kidney recipients using the kidney donor risk index (KDRI) and recipient estimated post-transplant survival (EPTS) indices. In this single-center study, KAS was retroactively applied to 573 adult deceased donor kidney transplants (2004-2012) performed in the extended criteria/standard criteria donor (ECD/SCD) era. Donor KDRI and recipient EPTS were calculated and transplants were analyzed to identify KAS fits. These were defined as allocation of top 20% allografts to top 20% recipients and bottom 80% allografts to bottom 80% recipients. On retroactive calculation, 70.2% of all transplants fit the KAS. Transplants that fit the KAS had inferior 1- and 5-year patient survival (95.5% vs. 98.8%, p=0.048, and 83.4% vs. 91.7%, p=0.018) and similar 1- and 5-year graft survival compared to transplants that did not fit the KAS (91.3% vs. 94.1%, p=0.276, and 72.7% vs...
American Journal of Transplantation, 2011
To test the effect of CIT, we excluded paired transplants with the same CIT (n = 3286). Of 14 230 recipients (7115 donors) the median difference in CIT was 5 h (Q1 = 3 h, Q3 = 9 h). Delayed graft function (DGF) was significantly more likely between pairs with greater CIT (35% vs. 31%, p < 0.001) including substantially higher rates for CIT differences ≥15 h (42%). Overall graft loss was not significantly different between recipients with higher CIT relative to paired donor recipients with lower CIT (p = 0.47) or for pairs with differences of 1-3 h (p = 0.90), 4-9 h (p = 0.41), 10-14 h (p = 0.36) or ≥15 h (p = 0.10). Results were consistent in multivariable models adjusted for recipient factors. Although increasing cold ischemia time is a risk factor for DGF among ECD kidney transplants, there is no effect on graft survival which may suggest an important utility for donor kidneys that may not currently be considered viable.
Determinants of Discard of Expanded Criteria Donor Kidneys: Impact of Biopsy and Machine Perfusion
American Journal of Transplantation, 2008
We examined factors associated with expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidney discard. Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR)/Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) data were examined for donor factors using logistic regression to determine the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of discard of kidneys recovered between October 1999 and June 2005. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to determine associations with delayed graft function (DGF) and graft failure. Of the 12536 recovered ECD kidneys, 5139 (41%) were discarded. Both the performance of a biopsy (AOR = 1.21, p = 0.02) and the degree of glomerulosclerosis (GS) on biopsy were significantly associated with increased odds of discard. GS was not consistently associated with DGF or graft failure. The discard rate of pumped ECD kidneys was 29.7% versus 43.6% for unpumped (AOR = 0.52, p < 0.0001). Among pumped kidneys, those with resistances of 0.26-0.38 and >0.38 mmHg/mL/min were discarded more than Human subjects statement: This study was approved by HRSA's SRTR project officer. HRSA has determined that this study satisfies the criteria for the IRB exemption described in the 'Public Benefit and Service Program' provisions of 45 CFR 46.101(b)(5) and HRSA Circular 03. those with resistances of 0.18-0.25 mmHg/mL/min (AOR = 2.5 and 7.9, respectively). Among ECD kidneys, pumped kidneys were less likely to have DGF (AOR = 0.59, p < 0.0001) but not graft failure (RR = 0.9, p = 0.27). Biopsy findings and machine perfusion are important correlates of ECD kidney discard; corresponding associations with graft failure require further study.
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2009
There is significant variability in the quality of deceased-donor kidneys that are used for transplantation. The quality of the donor kidney has a direct effect on important clinical outcomes such as acute rejection, delayed graft function, and patient and allograft survival. Expanded-criteria donors (ECDs) refer to older kidney donors (>60 yr) or donors who are aged 50 to 59 yr and have two of the following three features: Hypertension, terminal serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dl, or death from cerebrovascular accident. By definition, ECD kidneys have a 70% greater likelihood of failure compared with one from a 35-yr-old male donor who died from a motor vehicle accident. Donation after cardiac death (DCD) is a small but rapidly growing fraction of donors. An ECD kidney transplant recipient has a projected average added-life-years of 5.1 yr compared with 10 yr for a kidney recipient from a standard-criteria donor. Kidney transplantation from DCD seems to have similar allograft and patient survival compared with kidney from donation after brain death; however DCD transplantation has a 42 to 51% risk for delayed graft function (need for at least one dialysis treatment during the first week after transplantation) compared with 24% in an standard-criteria donor kidney transplant. Familiarity with the comprehensive allocation rules governing different categories of deceased-donor kidneys by the nephrologists and dialysis team providers is essential to maximizing patient autonomy and to improve the outcomes of kidney transplantation.
A Systematic Review of Kidney Transplantation From Expanded Criteria Donors
American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2008
During the past few years, there has been renewed interest in the use of expanded criteria donors (ECD) for kidney transplantation to increase the numbers of deceased donor kidneys available. More kidney transplants would result in shorter waiting times and limit the morbidity and mortality associated with long-term dialysis therapy.
World Journal of Urology, 2012
Purpose There is a growing discrepancy between the demand for renal transplants and the number of transplants conducted. For the many patients on the renal transplant waiting list, this means increased dialysis-associated morbidity, mortality and a reduced quality of life. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether it is justifiable for transplant centers to reject cadaveric donor organs on hand of marginal organ quality. Methods We identified 110 kidneys that were primarily rejected for transplantation at Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, and later transplanted at another center within the Eurotransplant zone. Using data from the Collaborative Transplant Study, we analyzed various demographic donor data including cold ischemia times, as well as graft and recipient outcomes. Results The median follow-up was 54 months. The cold ischemia time averaged 16 h. The organs that were primarily rejected by our center and then transplanted at other Eurotransplant centers showed 31 % of recipients had creatinine levels under 1.47 mg/dl and 94 % had levels under 2.97 mg/dl at 3-year follow-up. The mean deathcensored graft survival was 71.4 months. The mean renal transplant recipient survival was 87.5 months. Conclusions Based on our findings, we propose that acceptance criteria for marginal donor kidneys need to be widened. Keywords Cold ischemia time Á Expanded criteria Á Kidney transplantation Á Marginal kidneys Á Rejected kidneys T. F. Fuller and M. Giessing contributed equally to this work.
Assessment of Kidneys Procured From Expanded Criteria Donors Before Transplantation
Transplantation Proceedings, 2009
Background. Using expanded criteria donor (ECD) organs is 1 strategy to make more organs available for transplant. To reduce the number of posttransplant complications and failures, there is a need to create a comprehensive system of evaluation before transplantation, especially for kidneys harvested from ECD. The aim of this study was to assess the results of kidneys procured from ECD seeking to discover the most useful factors for kidney evaluation before transplantation. Patients and Methods. One hundred seventy-two patients received cadaveric renal transplants between January 1, 2006, and August 31, 2008. We collected data on donors, recipients, and perfusion parameters. We analyzed patient and graft survivals, as well as immediate, delayed, and slow graft function. Kidney recipient function was assessed by serum creatinine concentrations and by creatinine clearance calculated according to the Cockroft-Gault formula. Renal biopsy specimens were obtained in the perioperative periods 147 cases. Results. The overall 1-year graft survival was 86.9%. More than 25% of transplanted kidneys were harvested from ECD. There were no significant differences in patient survival between recipients of standard criteria donor kidneys (RSCDK) versus of expanded criteria donor kidneys (RECDK). One-year graft survival was higher among the RSCDK group than the RECDK group, namely, 94.4% versus 62.5%, (P ϭ .004). There were no differences in the incidence of primary nonfunction or in delayed graft function between the groups. RECDK were more likely to show slow graft function (69.2% vs 37.8%; P ϭ .033). A lower graft survival at 6 months after transplantation was observed among organs harvested from ECD compared with standard criteria donor (SCD) kidneys who showed histologic lesions or a flow at the fourth hour of machine perfusion below 0.4 mL/g. Using a logistic regression model, chronic histologic changes were shown to influence kidney survival at 6 months after transplantation. Conclusion. There was no significant difference in patient survival between recipients of kidneys harvested from expanded versus standard criteria donors. ECD kidneys displayed lower graft survival rates. There was no significant difference in the incidence of delayed graft function between recipients of kidneys harvested from expanded versus standard criteria donors. Pretransplant evaluation of ECD kidneys should include 3 variables: donor parameters, histologic findings, and machine perfusion parameters.