Yeasts isolated from plant-associated beetles and other insects: seven novel Candida species near Candida albicans (original) (raw)
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Mycologia, 2007
Ascomycete yeasts are found commonly in the guts of basidioma-feeding beetles but little is known about their occurrence in the gut of other insects. In this study we isolated 95 yeasts from the gut of adult insects in five neuropteran families (Neuroptera: Corydalidae, Chrysopidae, Ascalaphidae, Mantispidae and Hemerobiidae) and a roach (Blattodea: Blattidae). Based on DNA sequence comparisons and other taxonomic characteristics, they were identified as more than 15 species of Saccharomycetes as well as occasional Cryptococcus-like basidiomycete yeasts. Yeast species such as Lachancea fermentati, Lachancea thermotolerans and Hanseniaspora vineae were isolated repeatedly from the gut of three species of corydalids, suggesting a close association of these species and their insect hosts. Among the yeasts isolated in this study 12 were identified as five novel Candida species that occurred in three phylogenetically distinct clades. Molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that Candida chauliodes sp. nov. (NRRL Y-27909 T ) and Candida corydali sp. nov. (NRRL Y-27910 T ) were sister taxa in the Candida albicans/ Lodderomyces elongisporus clade. Candida dosseyi sp. nov. (NRRL Y-27950 T ) and Candida blattae sp. nov. (NRRL Y-27698 T ) were sister taxa in the Candida intermedia clade. Candida ascalaphidarum sp. nov. (NRRL Y-27908 T ) fell on a basal branch in a clade containing Candida membranifaciens and many other insect-associated species. Descriptions of these novel yeast species are provided as well as discussion of their ecology in relation to their insect hosts.
Three new beetle-associated yeast species in the clade
FEMS Yeast Research, 2004
New yeasts in the Pichia guilliermondii clade were isolated from the digestive tract of basidiocarp-feeding members of seven families of Coleoptera. A molecular phylogeny and unique traits placed eight isolates in Candida fermentati and three undescribed taxa in the genus Candida. The new species and type strains are C. smithsonii (type strain NRRL Y-27642 T ), C. athensensis (type strain NRRL Y-27644 T ), and C. elateridarum (type strain NRRL Y-27647 T ). Based on comparison of small-and large-subunit rDNA sequences, C. smithsonii and C. athensensis form a statistically well-supported subclade with P. guilliermondii, C. xestobii, and C. fermentati; C. elateridarum is basal to this subclade.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2001
Three new asexual yeast species were isolated from various floricolous insects. Candida cleridarum sp. nov. was the dominant species in clerid beetles collected in flowers of various cacti in Arizona and Southern California. The sequence of the D1D2 domains of the large-subunit rDNA showed that it is a sister species to Candida fragi (09 % base difference), a yeast isolated once from fermenting strawberries. Candida tilneyi sp. nov. and Candida powellii sp. nov. were recovered from bees and from nitidulid beetles in flowers of two species of morning glory (Ipomoea) in north-western Costa Rica. C. tilneyi sp. nov. is most closely related to Candida geochares, but differs in the D1D2 sequence by 47 % base substitutions. C. powellii sp. nov. is a relative of Candida batistae and Candida floricola, showing sequence differences of 59 and 69 %, respectively. In all cases, the new species are phenotypically similar to their nearest relatives, but are sufficiently different to allow conventional identification. The type strains are C. cleridarum strain UWO(PS) 99-101.1 T ( l CBS 8793 T ), C. tilneyi strain UWO(PS) 99-325.1 T ( l CBS 8794 T ) and C. powellii strain UWO(PS) 99-325.3 T ( l CBS 8795 T ).
Four new yeasts in the Candida mesenterica clade associated with basidiocarp-feeding beetles
Mycologia, 2005
We isolated five yeasts related to Candida mesenterica from the digestive tract, frass, and habitat of beetles in six families inhabiting basidiocarps. Based on rDNA sequence comparisons and phenotypic characters, the yeasts were identified as Kodamaea ohmeri and four undescribed taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of combined small and large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences placed the five taxa in a statistically well supported clade with C. mesenterica, Candida suecica and other yeast species known from basidiocarps, including 'Endomyces scopularum' (CBS154.92 and 155.92), Candida fukazawae, Candida fungicola and Candida sagamina. Only one of the new taxa produced ascospores; the other three reproduced only asexually. The yeasts appear to be less closely associated with beetles than with the beetle habitat. The new species and their type strains are Kodamaea laetipori (type strain NRRL Y-27713 T ), Candida derodonti (type strain NRRL Y-27711 T ), Candida arcana (type strain NRRL Y-27712 T ) and Candida plutei (type strain NRRL Y-27715 T ).
Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2009
Scolytine bark beetles are the most destructive pests of conifers; they sometimes aggregate in such large numbers that they actually kill their hosts. They maintain close relationships with yeasts and fungi, in particular those that are assumed to aid in digestive, detoxification processes and pheromone production. In this study, 403 yeast strains were isolated from the guts, ovaries, eggs and frass of nine bark beetle species in the genus Dendroctonus Erichson. The beetles were collected from 10 conifer species at 34 locations in Mexico, Guatemala and the USA. Yeast identification was based on partial DNA sequences from 18S rDNA, 26S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS1), as well as morphological and physiological characteristics. A combined phylogenetic analysis delimited 11 clades with sequences similar to Candida arabinofermentans, C. ernobii, C. membranifaciens (including C. lessepsii, Pichia mexicana and P. scolyti), C. oregonensis, C. piceae, Kuraishia capsulata (including K. capsulata and K. cf. molischiana), Pichia americana, P. canadensis, P. glucozyma, P. guilliermondii and an undescribed species of Candida. Nucleotide divergences between the major clades were at least 5% while, with the exception of 30 isolates, yeasts within clades differed from named reference species at fewer than 1% of the nucleotide sites. There do not appear to be obligate relationships between particular yeasts and specific anatomical partitions, nor between particular yeasts and bark beetle species. Some yeasts do appear to be preferentially associated with bark beetles feeding on different conifer genera and therefore host plant defences may limit yeast community diversity in Dendroctonus. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 98, 325–342.