An update of HIV infection in Romania (original) (raw)
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2014
In Republic of Moldova during 1987-2013, there were 8557 reported HIV+ cases, of which 2464 (28.8%) developed AIDS, 1752 (20.5%) died. Newly, 700-750 HIV positive cases are registered per year. The biggest number of HIV + is found at the age 25-39. In relation to the way of transmission, the majority are infected by heterosexual contacts with tendency of increase, from 5.7% in 2000 to 91.4%. The next is among intravenous drug users (IDUs) with tendency of decrease from 83.7% in 2000 to 5% in 2013. There are 5249 HIV+ persons in active evidence (77.13% of those who are alive), 3781 men and 3024 women. Of these, 2493 persons, including 82 children are currently on antiretroviral treatment. The incidence in 2013 was 17.99 per 100,000 population, in the eastern regions – 46.91. The prevalence at January 1, 2014 constituted 173.43 per 100,000 population, in the eastern regions – 463.25. The large number of HIV newly infected cases in the east territories can be explained through limited ...
A View of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in the North-West Region of Romania
Medicina (Kaunas), 2019
Background and Objectives: In Romania, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic is almost the same as it is in Central Europe, with some differences; particularity the following one: people with nosocomial HIV infection, also known as Romanian cohort. Aim: The study aimed to present a local view of HIV infection in the NorthWest part of Romania, and to identify the particularities of patients under medical care in the Cluj AIDS Center. Materials and Methods: The demographic characteristics (age and gender), and medical and epidemiological data (stage of HIV infection and mode of transmission) of patients in a medical care in the Cluj Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Center were evaluated. Data from the first patients admitted between 1989 and 2018, and the statuses of the infected persons as per 31 December 2018 were analyzed. Results: Nine hundred and fourteen patients were included in the study. The patients' ages varied from 0 (newborns from HIV-infected mothers) to 72 years old, and most patients were men (596 men vs. 318 women). The main mode of transmission was sexual (>50%), with an increased number of men who have sex with men (MSM) in the last years (from two cases in 2006 to thirty-four cases in 2018), and a very small percentage of intravenous drug users (IDU; <1%). The patients from the Romanian cohort were more frequently women as compared with men (p-value <0.0001), women were more frequently later presenters than men (p-value <0.0001), and the women more frequently had candidosis (p-value = 0.0372), cerebral toxoplasmosis (p-value = 0.0404), and co-infection with hepatitis B virus (p-value = 0.0018). One hundred and sixty patients died by the end of 2018 (17.5%). Sixty-eight children had been born from HIV-infected mothers, and 17 were HIV infected (25%). Conclusion: The main mode of HIV transmission in our sample was sexual, with an increased number of MSM over the last years and a low number of cases of intravenous drug users. A quarter of children borne from HIV-infected mothers were HIV infected.
Romania, a Harbour of HIV-1 Subtype F1: Where Are We after 33 Years of HIV-1 Infection?
Viruses
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been a major public health concern worldwide for more than 30 years, including in Romania. The F1 HIV-1 subtype was exported from Angola to Romania most probably because of the two countries’ close political connections. Patients infected with HIV-1 via re-used and improperly sterilized injection equipment and through transfusions of unscreened blood, also known as the “Romanian cohort”, were the most common type of HIV-1 infection in Romania in the early 1990s, when the virus’s presence was recognized. Recently, subtype B started to increase in our country, mostly diagnosed in people using intravenous drugs or in men having sex with men. The evolution of the HIV-1 infection in Romania has been unique, with a dominance of the subtype F1, making it different from other countries in Europe.
HIV Infection a Social and a Healthcare Problem
PP, 2022
HIV infection invariably attracts the attention of medical staff in complex medical specialties. To achieve the goal of elimination by 2020, various approaches are required, including the establishment of prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, control measures. These should be supported by statistical studies that report on restricted or extended geographical areas, to the level of social class and age. Such an approach, combing the medical and social science perspectives (medicosocial) can prove useful for developing control measures. Due to the complexity of this immunodeficiency pathology, the condition also attracts comorbidities (most notably tuberculosis). Hence, prospective strategies need to be developed and oriented towards the goal of eradicating HIV infection. This paper presents strategies for consideration.