Graphic and political humour in Argentina: from Quino to Página 12 (original) (raw)

The article analyses the tradition of critical cartoons in Argentina using the lens of Freud's conception of humour. After the end of the military dictatorship in Argentina in 1983 Rudy and Daniel Paz created a new style that came to be known as " ethical humour ". In their daily cartoon on the first page of the newspaper Página 12 they commented on the worst news of the day employing what Freud referred to as the humorous distance. The article proposes a historicised appraisal of humour through an elaboration of the connection between the beginnings of the comic genre and psychoanalysis. I argue that the tiny images in the daily newspapers served as chronicles, in the Benjaminian sense, of those dimensions of social life that tend to go unnoticed by historians; they offered a microscopic, childlike humour as a means of grasping social realities. Graphic humour in these political cartoons and comics in Argentina performs multiple functions: criticizing, conferring voices, generating distance, and helping to live, whilst preserving a profoundly humane dimension. Argentinean society is characterized by numerous conflicts and contradictions that generate an unusual dynamism. On the one hand, it has a history of dictatorships with only a few intermittent periods of democratically elected governments, combined with a tradition of conservative politics and profound Catholicism. The military dictatorship in Argentina (1976–1983) was one of the bloodiest periods in its history, with thousands killed and disappeared, the traumatic effects of which are still being processed. On the other hand, the country is greatly influenced by immigrants with different political positions, such as Italian and Spanish anarchists and socialists, as well as by a great legacy of cultural transfers. Curiously, psychoanalysis is part of this distinct legacy, as Buenos Aires is one of the cities with the highest number of psychoanalysts.