DNA Sequencing Using Fluorescence Detection (original) (raw)

Abstract

The blueprint for all cellular structures and functions is encoded in the genome of any organism. The genome consists of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which is tightly coiled into narrow threads that, when completely stretched, reach a length of approximately 1.5 m yet possesses a width of only ~2.0 nm The threads of DNA are typically associated with many different types of proteins and are organized into structures called chromosomes that are housed within the nucleus of cells in most eukaryotic organisms. Within the human genome, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes. DNA is comprised of several different chemical units, which are a deoxyribose sugar unit, a phosphate group and one of four different nucleotide bases (adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or thymine (T)). At a molecular level, it is the order of these bases which carries the code to build proteins within the cell that inevitably control the function of various cells and also determine the organism’s physical characteri...

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