The Impact of Co2 on Economic Growth in Asean 8 (original) (raw)
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Co2, Quality of Life and Economic Growth in ASEAN 8
Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies
The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between CO2 on quality of life and on economic growth in ASEAN 8. Pollution may directly decrease output and quality of life by decreasing productivity of man-made capital and labor. The income levels per capita gross domestic product per capita were measured from the year 1965 to 2010. This study formulates a three equation simultaneous model for empirical research. For panel data, the Hausman specification test is the classical test of whether the fixed or random effects model should be used. In the pollution indicator emissions CO2 in ASEAN 8, the Environmental Kuznets Curve relationship is found. Keywords: Economic Growth; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Hausman Test; Simultaneity, Endogeneity eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–re...
CO2, Quality of Life and Economic Growth in East Asian 8
"The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between CO2 on quality of life and on economic growth in Asean 8. Pollution may directly decrease output and quality of life by decreasing productivity of man-made capital and labor. The income levels per capita gross domestic product per capita were measured from the year 1965 to 2010. This study formulates a three equation simultaneous model for empirical research. For panel data, the Hausman speciſ cation test is the classical test of whether the ſ xed or random effects model should be used. In the pollution indicator emissions CO2 in Asean 8, the Environmental Kuznets Curve relationship is found."
Economy and Pollution by CO2 Emissions - Kuznets Environmental Curve in Asia Pacific Countries
2021
The economies of the Asia Pacific region (APEC) are among the most dynamic, with the highest levels of commercial activity and environmental degradation in the world. One way to study trends in the relationship between the economy and pollution is the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). This perspective assumed that in the long-term, higher levels of wealth would be achieve lower pollution levels. The aim was analyze whether the EKC behavior occurs for the APEC economies. The method used was an econometric model for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and GDP. The results showed stationary unit root in first differences, this suggest the presence of EKC behavior was explained with a high probability level that the GDP coefficient would reach an inflection point to become negative and significant.
Research Square (Research Square), 2022
The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis posits an inverted-U relationship between pollution emissions and economic growth. This means that economic growth goes hand-in-hand with environmental pollution emissions until a turning point is reached where pollution emissions and economic growth begin to decouple. This study examined the nonlinear cointegrating relationship of pollution emissions with economic growth alongside select developmental variables to test the EKC hypothesis using a panel data sample comprising 34 Asian economies over the period 2001 to 2013. The study estimated panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) models in the forms of Pooled Mean Group (PMG) and Mean Group (MG) models, which were tested against one another using the Hausman speci cation test. For robustness checks, the same procedure was applied to disaggregated panel groupings by income classi cations of Asian economies. The results reveal that the EKC hypothesis holds in the total Asia sample; but not robust across the disaggregated panel groups. Interestingly, the EKC holds only among the middle-income economies and not among the low-income and high-income economies. The turning point GDP in the Asian EKC was estimated to be within the range of US$ 32,003 to US$ 38,793 per capita, con rming that only Singapore, Japan, and the United Arab Emirates were the only economies to have transitioned towards the coveted second half of the EKC, while some economies like Hong Kong and Israel are almost at the turning point. These ndings support the argument that majority of the Asian economies have not yet reached the ideal phase where economic growth decouples with environmental degradation.
Jurnal BPPK Volume12 Nomor 1Tahun 2019 Halaman 42-52, 2019
The increasing threat of air pollution and global warming had been widely discussed in various international events. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) become an interesting issue that motivated a lot of studies on the inverted U-shaped relationship between income and CO2 emission: in the early stage of development, environmental degradation occurs, but at a certain point, an increase in economic development will reduce CO2 emission. This study aims to investigate the existing of EKC hypothesis and the dynamic relationship between CO2 emission and economic growth in Indonesia for 1981-2016 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration framework. Data were retrieved from World Bank Development Indicators. The study shows that EKC Hypothesis does not exist. In addition, the long run model shows that economic growth appears to have a significant positive impact on CO2 emission, especially from electricity and heat production. These findings suggest the Indonesian government shift towards a service-intensive economy rather than resource-intensive and develop an alternative renewable energy source to mitigate environmental degradation as well as promote economic development.
Economic growth and environmental pollution in Myanmar: an analysis of environmental Kuznets curve
This empirical study examines the short-and longrun relationship between GDP as an economic growth indicator and CO 2 emissions as an environmental pollution indicator in Myanmar by using annual time series data over the period of 1970-2014. It also carefully considered other proxies, such as trade openness, financial openness and urbanization, and structural breaks in the country. The fundamental objective of this study is to test the validity of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in the context of Myanmar. The dynamic estimates of the long-and short-term relationship among greenhouse gases (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O), GDP, trade intensity, financial openness, and urbanization growth are built through an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The empirical findings indicate that there is positive short-and long-run relationship between CO 2 and GDP and thus, no evidence of EKC hypothesis is found for CO 2 in Myanmar. Nevertheless, the existence of the EKC is observed for CH 4 and N 2 O. On the other hand, trade and financial openness have inverse relationship with CO 2 emissions. These results demonstrate that trade liberalization and financial openness will improve the environment quality in Myanmar in the long run.
Jurnal Manajemen Industri dan Logistik
This study aims to determine carbon emissions in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations-6 (ASEAN-6) in achieving Sustainable Development Goals using the Kuznet environmental curve analysis approach. Used panel data regression method with carbon emissions as a dependent variable and Gross Domestic Product per capita, Squared Gross Domestic Product per capita, population, energy consumption and Sustainable Development Goals as independent variables. Used panel data from 2009-2018, samples taken from Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines and Vietnam. Results are the suitable random effect model, with per capita Gross Domestic Product and energy consumption having a positive and significant effect on carbon emissions. In contrast, the squared Gross Domestic Product Per capita, population and Sustainable Development Goals have a negative and significant impact on carbon emissions. The Environmental Kuznet curve hypothesis has been proven in this area, although only Si...
International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research
Carbon dioxide emissions contribute to environmental deterioration, so this factor is cause for concern. This study aims to determine how economic growth, industrial value added, and population affect carbon dioxide emissions in the ASEAN region. This study's sample consists of the five ASEAN nations with the highest carbon emission growth rates. Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, and Vietnam were selected as sample countries for the period 2000 to 2018. The research data consists of panel data, which is a combination of time series and cross-section data, and is analyzed using static panel regression analysis via the Stata program, which passed the model selection tests, namely the Hausman test and the Lagrange Multiplier (LM) test. In this study, the Random Effect Model was found to be the most appropriate model (REM). The findings of the study indicate that economic and population growth influence the increase in carbon emissions. This study was unable t...
This study analyzes the core energy consumption among countries specific variables by Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis (EKC), for a panel data of 29 (14 developed and 15 developing) countries during the period of 1977-2014. By assessing Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) regressions with first generation test such as common root, individual Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), and individual root-Fisher-PP have been computed individually, the results confirm the EKC hypothesis in the case of emissions of solid, liquid, gases, manufacturing industries and also construction. Hence, we computed the cointegration test by Pedroni Kao from Engle-Granger based and Fisher. Onward, since the variable are co-integrated, a panel vector error correction model is estimated in GDP per capita, emission from manufacturing industries, arms import, commercial service export and coal rent, order to perform Pairwise Granger Causality test and indicate Vector Error Correction (VEC), with co-integration...
Journal of Asian Scientific Research
Global warming has become an emerging and serious issue in the world, with adverse effects on human life and a threat to survival. Besides being a key contributor to a country's economic growth (EG), the manufacturing and construction sector (M&C) is also one of the major sectors that cause environmental degradation. We investigate the link between M&C’s CO2E and economic growth (both overall and sectoral growth) in the context of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) at aggregate and disaggregate levels in the Associations of Southeast Asia Nations (ASEAN), using data from 1995 to 2018. We employ the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) and Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) estimation techniques to examine the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) at aggregate and disaggregate levels in ASEAN countries. We find evidence of an inverted U-shaped EKC at both the aggregate and disaggregate levels. After including other variables such as financial development,...