An evaluation of ratios as a measure of carcass traits using mature indigenous chickens in Limpopo Province of South Africa (original) (raw)
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Indigenous poultry production is important to human lives as they alleviate poverty by providing an affordable source of animal proteins. Besides, it serves as the easiest source of income for rural farmers in developing countries. The current review was conducted to evaluate the research findings of indigenous chickens’ quantitative and qualitative traits characterisations in Southern African countries. Quantitative and qualitative traits characterisation is the first step for genetic improvement in livestock. The documents used in the review were attained from different search engines, most of which were published lately (after 2010). Potchefstroom Koekoek, Venda, Naked Neck, Ovambo, Boschveld and Tswana indigenous chicken breeds in the Southern African countries were characterised. The studies suggest that there are variations in quantitative traits including live weight, egg weight, wing length, comb length and shank length and qualitative traits including feather color, comb ty...
The use of path analysis will not only produce a regression equation for prediction of body weight but also partition correlation between two traits into direct effects of one on other and indirect effects caused by other characters which may be of importance in selection. A total number of 2641 mature cocks comprising of 1782 Yoruba ecotype and 859 Fulani ecotype were sampled from markets in Osun state, southwest Nigeria. Live weight (LW) and eight morphometric characters were measured from these birds. The biometric traits were keel length (KL), chest circumference (CC), thigh length (TL), wing length (WL), body length (BL), drum stick (DS), breast length (BrL) and shank length (SL). T-test was used to check the significance of variation in biometric traits between the two ecotypes. Correlation analysis was used to check degree of association between these traits. Regression and path analysis was also explored. There were significant differences in keel length, thigh length, wing length, body length, breast length and shank length between the two genotypes. All traits considered in Yoruba ecotype but drum stick showed significant (p<0.05) positive correlation with body weight whereas in Fulani ecotype all characters but chest circumference showed a significant (p<0.05) correlation with body weight. Body length and breast length had significant (p<0.05) direct effect on the body weight in Yoruba ecotype whereas significant (p<0.05) path coefficients were obtained for chest circumference, wing length and breast length in Fulani ecotype. Body length and breast length had the highest direct effect on body weight in Yoruba and Fulani ecotype cocks respectively. The highest indirect effect was obtained for breast length through drum stick in Fulani ecotype, while in Yoruba ecotype the highest indirect effect was obtained for body length through chest circumference. Body length and breast length can be deduced as the most important morphometric traits in determining body weight of Yoruba and Fulani ecotype cocks respectively.
Predicting Body Weight of Ethiopian Indigenous Chicken Populations from Morphometric Measurements
The purpose of this study was to estimate the relationship between body weight (BW) and morphometric measurements of Ethiopian indigenous chicken populations and to develop prediction equations used to estimate BW from body measurements. A total of 621 chickens comprising 134 males and 487 females reared under smallholder management conditions were used for the study. Body weight and morphometric measurements including body length (BL), chest circumference (CC), shank length (SL), and shank circumference (SC) were taken using a hanging scale and a textile measuring tape, respectively. The relationship between BW and morphometric measurements was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) and stepwise multiple regression analyses. Descriptive statistics indicated that male birds were heavier than female birds. Correlation results revealed that body weight was significantly and strongly correlated with SL (r = 0.76) in both sexes, and moderately correlated with SC (r = 0.69), BL (r = 0.67), and CC (r = 0.52) in male birds, BL (r=0.68) and SC (r = 0.59) in female birds. Compared to other measurements, SL best predicted BW in both male and female birds, with coefficients of determination (R 2) = 0.58. Combining SL with other body measurements (BL, CC, and SC) generally improved the predictive power of the equation. Thus, multiple regression equations that included a combination of the four linear body measurements are more suitable for predicting BW of Ethiopian indigenous chicken populations.
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The study was conducted in five selected districts in Bale zone South East, Ethiopia to evaluate the morphometric difference among indigenous chicken populations. Simple random sampling method was used to select 400 households who owned indigenous chicken population. From these households, a total of 840 adult (more than 6 months of age) indigenous chickens (225 males and 615 females) were used for morphometric traits measurements. Linear measurements were taken to the nearest of 0.5 cm and body weight was recorded at a precision scale of 100 g. Multivariate variance analysis was used to determine major traits that differentiate chicken population. Canonical discriminant multivariate statistical analysis was conducted for more powerful traits comparisons. Stepwise discriminant analysis was conducted to check the discriminating power of the traits. Pairwise Mahalanobis analysis was carried out to see the distance between indigenous chicken in the study districts. The study revealed t...
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In this experiences was studied the influence of genotype and sex on carcass characteristics (slaughter yield, participation percentage of the cut parts from the whole carcasses structure, the meat:bone ratio from carcass and from major parts of the carcass) at broiler chickens reared in identical conditions and slaughtered at 42 days old. The genetic material was represented of broiler chickens that belonged hybrids: „Ross-308” (control batch-Lc) and „Lohmann Meat” (experimental batch-Lexp). After slaughter, from each group were sampled 30 carcasses (15 per sex), was determined slaughter yield and participation percentage of the cut parts from the whole carcasses structure using gravimetric measurements. The meat:bone ratio was determined on 10 carcases from each batch (five per sex) that were manually deboned. For analysis of variance was used Mann Whitney test. The results of this experiment showed that sex influenced the slaughter yield (P≤0.05), participation percentage of the ...