Freedom of information and abuse of media in the process of globalization (original) (raw)
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The mass mediaradio, television newspaper, magazine and the internetare very relevant in every society. They are the channels through information and messages are propagated simultaneously to large number of people in different areas. They are agents of socialisation and education as well as development. The mass media surveys the environment for news, analyse issues of people"s interest, provide entertainment and also help the propagation of the societal cultural norms and values. However, in spite of the important roles of the media in the society, they as well have their disadvantageous roles in the society. The study evaluated the mass media as both friend and also as enemy of the state. According to this paper, the media act as friend of the state by serving as watchdogs, agents of cultural transmission and agents of political orientation to the people in the society. However, the media act as enemy of the state as they are used as channels for people, especially politicians to throw abusive words at one another, huge contributors to decadence in our society and they aid the spread of violence and hatred through propagation of hate speeches and words that can incite people into violence. The researcher concluded that the media have been both constructive (friend) and destructive (enemy) to the society. The study recommended that the media should keep to their social responsibility functions and adhere to the ethics of the profession in all their operations.
Participatory and Digital Democracy at the Local Level: European Discourses and Practices, ed. by Gilles Rouet and Tiery Comes, 2023
This chapter analyzes the report of the Reporters without Borders (RSF). and the World Press Freedom Index in relation to the cultural values in different societies. Its main statement is that the political and social processes in a given country are predetermined by the cultural values deeply rooted in the collective consciousness. The research demonstrates that there is a special interrelation between cultural values and freedom of speech. Highly individualized societies are placed on the top of the ranking in the World Press Freedom Index, while more collectivistic cultures take lower places. Also, the paper claims that the ranking of the Reporters without Borders may show the current situation in the press but it should not be applied to other media and forms of speech, such as the digital media or the social protests. Bulgaria is an example of a country where the press is influenced by political and business interests. Simultaneously, if there is a pressure exercised on the traditional media, there is practically no regulation in the digital ones, where during the pandemic of COVID-19 fake news, rumors and conspiracy theories have been widely spread. This fact proves that the freedom of speech is a result of the existing cultural values and that a balance should be achieved between the individual freedoms and rights, on the one hand, and the media regulation and media education, on the other.