Exploitation of biological wastes for the production of value‐added products under solid‐state fermentation conditions (original) (raw)
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Exploitation of Agro-Industrial By-Products as Substrate for Solid-State Fermentation
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture, 2014
The agro-food wastes could be appropriate for use as immobilization carrier in the production of different metabolites with added commercial value by solid-state fermentation (SSF). The objective of this work was the evaluation of the potential of different stone fruit and berry wastes from Romanian food and beverages industry for use as immobilization carrier in SSF. The physical-chemical properties (moisture and water absorption index (WAI)), and the ability of Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus niger to colonize such solid substrates were used as parameters to select the best by-products that could be used successfully in SSF. The agro-food wastes used in this study were derived from Transylvanian local regions and from our laboratory, including kernels and pulp/peels of stone-fruits (plum, apricot) and berry press residues (sea buckthorn, Sambucus nigra (SN) and Sambucus ebulus).The fungal strains were procured from LGC Standards,Germany. Among the 8 evaluated substrates, only 5 presented higher moisture content than 50%, including apricot peels (AP), residues from plum brandy production (RPBP) (pulp and peel) and berry press residues. The AP and SN berry press residue were the materials with higher WAI values (6.72 and 6.10 (g gel/g dry weight (dw), respectively), whereas the kernels of apricot (2.44 g/g dw) and those from RPBP (2.60 g/g dw) gave the lowest WAI values. The microbiological test showed that the microorganisms (R. oligosporus and A. niger) had good growth rates when cultivated in berry press residues and stone-fruits pulp/peels. It could be concluded that the stone-fruit agro-industrial by-products (pulp/peel) and berry press residues have great potential to be successfully used as substrate in SSF.
Agro-industrial wastes and their utilization using solid state fermentation: a review
Bioresources and Bioprocessing
Agricultural residues are rich in bioactive compounds. These residues can be used as an alternate source for the production of different products like biogas, biofuel, mushroom, and tempeh as the raw material in various researches and industries. The use of agro-industrial wastes as raw materials can help to reduce the production cost and also reduce the pollution load from the environment. Agro-industrial wastes are used for manufacturing of biofuels, enzymes, vitamins, antioxidants, animal feed, antibiotics, and other chemicals through solid state fermentation (SSF). A variety of microorganisms are used for the production of these valuable products through SSF processes. Therefore, SSF and their effect on the formation of value-added products are reviewed and discussed.
2018
The applicability of two laboratory-scale bioreactors for solid-state cultivation of white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor TV6 was investigated. Sugar beet pulp (SBP) was used as a noninert carrier. Two bioreactor configurations were investigated: horizontal bioreactor (HB) and tray bioreactor (TB). SBP biodegradation was observed in both investigated bioreactors, whereas the obtained material mass loss was 21.33% and 46.50% for HB and TB, respectively. The decrease of cellulose (64.65% HB and 42.34% TB) and pentosane content (42.39% HB and 62.61% TB), as well as the ash content increase (175.5% HB and 78.9% TB), indicated good biodegradation capability of the fungus. Furthermore, the results indicate that both bioreactors could be used for biological degradation/pre-treatment of lignocellulosic materials for different biotechnological purposes using white-rot fungus T. versicolor TV6.
Use of Agro-Industrial Wastes in Solid-State Fermentation Processes
Industrial Waste, 2012
2. Agro-industrial wastes: generation and chemical composition Agro-industrial wastes are generated during the industrial processing of agricultural or animal products. Those derived from agricultural activities include materials such as straw, stem, stalk, leaves, husk, shell, peel, lint, seed/stones, pulp or stubble from fruits, legumes or cereals (rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, barley…), bagasses generated from sugarcane or sweet sorghum milling, spent coffee grounds, brewer's spent grains, and many others. These wastes are generated in large amounts throughout the year, and are the most www.intechopen.com Industrial Waste 122 abundant renewable resources on earth. They are mainly composed by sugars, fibres, proteins, and minerals, which are compounds of industrial interest. Due to the large availability and composition rich in compounds that could be used in other processes, there is a great interest on the reuse of these wastes, both from economical and environmental view points. The economical aspect is based on the fact that such wastes may be used as low-cost raw materials for the production of other value-added compounds, with the expectancy of reducing the production costs. The environmental concern is because most of the agro-industrial wastes contain phenolic compounds and/or other compounds of toxic potential; which may cause deterioration of the environment when the waste is discharged to the nature. Large amount of the agro-industrial wastes are mainly composed by cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, being called "lignocellulosic materials". In the lignocellulosic materials, these three fractions are closely associated with each other constituting the cellular complex of the vegetal biomass, and forming a complex structure that act as a protective barrier to cell destruction by bacteria and fungi. Basically, cellulose forms a skeleton which is surrounded by hemicellulose and lignin (Fig. 1).
Innovative Production of Bioproducts From Organic Waste Through Solid-State Fermentation
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 2019
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is, by definition, a technology carried out in absence or near absence of free water. Therefore, it allows the use of solid materials as substrates for further biotransformation. SSF has gained attention in the last years being reported as a promising eco-technology that allows obtaining bioproducts of industrial interest using solid biomass (wastes and by-products). Main advantages over conventional submerged fermentation rely on the lower water and energy requirements, which generate minimum residual streams. However, drawbacks related to poor homogeneity and energy and mass transfer often appear, hindering the process yield and the downstream of the produced bioproducts. Despite the difficulties, many successful processes have been reported on the production of a variety of bioproducts such as hydrolytic enzymes, mostly carbohydrases for bioethanol production, and to a lesser extent, aromas, biosurfactants, biopesticides, bioplastics, organic acids or phenolic compounds. Most of the reported research focuses on process development at small scale; however, the main challenges to overcome in SSF are related to the upscaling and the development of a consistent and continuous operation. In this work, the main advances for the production of valuable/innovative bioproducts are presented and discussed.
South Asian Research Journal of Biology and Applied Biosciences, 2019
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is the growth of microorganisms without free flowing liquid phase. SSF has been recently considered as the most cheapest and more environmentally friendly relative to submerged liquid fermentation (SLF) in the production of value added industrial based products such as enzymes, bio fuels and the likes. The comparison of SSF and liquid State Fermentation (LSF) has been summarized in a tabular form. The main microorganisms that occupied a pivotal position in achieving absolute SSF processes have been highlighted. A typical bioreactor has been addressed within the concept of SSF. The applications of the process in various economic sectors such as industrial fermentation, agro food industry and environmental control have been reported. Biomass measurement formula is shown, as well as environmental factors, both essential for studying and optimising solid substrate fermentations. SSF is advantageous and appropriate for production of many value added products like enzymes, antibiotics, and organic acids. This technique not only decreases the cost of the process but also makes product cheaper for consumers. This review aimed at gathering the disperse literature on the current state of art on SSF as it concerns biomass and metabolites formation.
A Comprehensive Review on Valorization of Agro-Food Industrial Residues by Solid-State Fermentation
Foods
Agro-food industrial residues (AFIRs) are generated in large quantities all over the world. The vast majority of these wastes are lignocellulosic wastes that are a source of value-added products. Technologies such as solid-state fermentation (SSF) for bioconversion of lignocellulosic waste, based on the production of a wide range of bioproducts, offer both economic and environmental benefits. The versatility of application and interest in applying the principles of the circular bioeconomy make SSF one of the valorization strategies for AFIRs that can have a significant impact on the environment of the wider community. Important criteria for SSF are the selection of the appropriate and compatible substrate and microorganism, as well as the selection of the optimal process parameters for the growth of the microorganism and the production of the desired metabolites. This review provides an overview of the management of AFIRs by SSF: the current application, classification, and chemical...
Exploitation of agro industrial wastes as immobilization carrier for solid-state fermentation
Industrial Crops and Products, 2009
Ten agro industrial wastes were assessed for their suitability as fungus immobilization carrier for solid-state fermentation (SSF). The wastes included creosote bush leaves (Larrea tridentata), variegated Caribbean agave (Agave lechuguilla), lemon peel (Citrus aurantifolia), orange peel (Citrus sinensis), apple pomace (Malus domestica), pistachio shell (Pistacia vera), wheat bran (Triticum spp.), coconut husk (Cocos nucífera), pecan nutshell (Carya illinoinensis), and bean residues (Phaseolus vulgaris). All of them were physical-chemically and microbiologically characterized. Physical-chemical tests consisted in the determination of the critical humidity point and the water absorption index; while the microbiological tests were based on the evaluation of Aspergillus niger Aa-20 growth rate in such materials. The study pointed out that coconut husk, apple pomace, lemon and orange peels were the materials of greater potential for use as immobilization carrier in SSF, since they have high water absorption capacity, and allowed good microorganism growth rate. This result is of significant interest due to the low cost and abundant availability of such wastes.