Changes in muscular activation patterns produced by a toning shoe during treadmill walking and quiet standing (original) (raw)
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Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2012
Santo, AS, Roper, JL, Dufek, JS, and Mercer, JA. Rockerbottom, profile-type shoes do not increase lower extremity muscle activity or energy cost of walking. J Strength Cond Res 26(9): 2426-2431, 2012-The purpose of this study was to determine if wearing rocker-bottom shoes with compliant midsoles (RB) influences muscle activity and metabolic cost of walking. Furthermore, we sought to determine if weight differences between shod conditions accounted for any potential change. Twenty-eight subjects (17 women, 11 men, age 22.8 6 6.6 years; weight 72 6 20 kg; height 170 6 6.7 cm; percent body fat 23.0 6 11.7) walked on a treadmill (0% grade) for 10 minutes at a self-selected speed plus 10% (1.3 6 0.2 mÁs 21 ) in each of the following laboratory-provided shoes: flat-bottomed shoe (W), flat-bottomed shoe weight-matched to RB (WM), and RB. Muscle activity of the right side biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), gastrocnemius (GA), and tibalis anterior (TA) was recorded for 30 seconds at the beginning, middle, and ending of the 10-minute walk using an electromyography (EMG) system. The average (AVG) and root mean square (RMS) were calculated from full-wave rectified EMG data at each interval. The rate of oxygen consumption ( _ VO 2 ) was measured for 10 minutes during each condition. A 3 (shoe) 3 3 (time) repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare each EMG-dependent variable (AVG and RMS EMG of each muscle), and repeated measures ANOVA was used to test _ VO 2 . Muscle activity (for any muscle) was not influenced by the interaction of shoe and time (p . 0.05). The AVG and RMS for RF, BF, and GA, including _ VO 2 , were not different among shod conditions (W: 9.7 6 0.6 mlÁkg 21 Ámin 21 ; WM: 10.0 6 0.5 mlÁkg 21 Ámin 21 ; RB: 10.1 6 0.5 mlÁkg 21 Ámin 21 ), whereas TA AVG and RMS were lower during RB (p , 0.05). It seems that there is no increase in muscle activity or metabolic cost while wearing RB beyond the flat-bottomed shoe despite there being the rocker-profile design and mass differences.
Muscular activity in different locomotion plans with the use of various shoes types and barefoot
The objective of this study was to evaluate the electromyographyc activity of the muscles of the leg and spine associated with different types of shoes and barefoot, in the various plans of locomotion, in the situations before and after fatigue. Methods: Is a cross-sectional study, which was used a sample of convenience with 15 young women, aged between 18 and 35 years, sedentary. The examined muscles were tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis and lateralis and erector spinae. The muscular activity was assessed during locomotion on flat surface, up and down stairs and in an inclined surface. The shoes were a high-heeled, small heeled, tennis, slipper and barefoot. Results: The results of electromyographyc analysis showed that the muscles of the leg had greater electromyographyc activity in the position of pre-fatigue of the lower limbs and erector spinae in the post-fatigue of the lower limbs, in most of the conditions and situations. Discussion: Adaptive conditions associated with regular use of high shoes, has been widely questioned in relation to the incidence of injuries. Conclusion: In post-fatigue of the lower limbs, there was a decline in the activities of the muscles of the leg and increased recruitment of the erector muscles justified by the need for greater stability of the spine and pelvis during the locomotion of young women.
Barefoot and High-Heeled Gait: Changes in Muscles Activation Patterns
Health, 2014
Most women like wearing high-heeled shoes for the benefit of sensuous attractiveness and selfesteem while musculoskeletal problems and gait patterns changes are often associated. The present study aimed to identify changes during the gait stance and swing phases in some lower limb muscles. In addition, abdominal muscle was included due to its importance in dynamic trunk stability, and lack of studies on the subject. Here, we found that the use of high-heeled shoes elicited not only the increasing of the electrical activity from the muscles involved in the gait cycle, but also altered the temporal sequence of their recruitment. As practical applications, these changes may be strategies to maintain stability and minimize risks of falling, but they are often associated to diseases. Women that use high-heeled shoes for prolonged time must apply specific muscle exercises to minimize its long-term effects.
Purpose: The current study aimed at evaluating the effect of 5-toed shoes on electromyographic activity of leg muscles during the stance phase of running. Methods: The current semi-experimental study recorded the electromyographic activity of tibialis anterior, soleus, gastrocnemius lateralis, and medialis muscles of 15 healthy male students (mean age: 24.5±3.4 years, mean height: 177.6±5.8 cm, and mean weight: 75.7±8.9 kg) during the stance phase of running in barefoot and shod (5-toed shoes) conditions. Paired sample t test was used for statistical analysis with SPSS19. Results: In shod running, electromyographic activity of tibialis anterior during loading response phase (P=0.001) and electromyographic activity of soleus (P=0.002) and medial gastrocnemius (P=0.004) during propulsion phase were significantly higher, compared with the barefoot running; there was no significant difference in gastrocnemius lateralis muscle between both conditions (P˃0.05). Conclusion: According to the current study findings, using 5-toed shoes could increase electromyographic activity of leg muscles during the stance phase of running.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a standard flexible shoe and a stability running shoe on lower limb muscle activity during walking. Twenty-eight young asymptomatic adults with flat-arched feet were recruited. While walking, electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded from tibialis posterior and peroneus longus via intramuscular electrodes; and from tibialis anterior and medial gas-trocnemius via surface electrodes. Three experimental conditions were assessed: (i) barefoot, (ii) a standard flexible shoe, (iii) a stability running shoe. Results showed significant differences for the peak amplitude and the time of peak amplitude for tibialis anterior, peroneus longus and medial gastrocne-mius when comparing the three experimental conditions (p < 0.05). Significant differences were detected primarily between the barefoot and shoe conditions and with relatively small effect sizes for peroneus longus, tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius. Few significant differences were found between the two shoe styles. We discuss how these changes are most likely associated with the shoe upper bracing the foot, the shape of the shoe outer-sole and weight of the shoes. Further research is needed to investigate differences between these shoe styles when participants walk for longer distances (i.e. over 1000 m) and following fatigue.
The Effects of Toning Shoes on the Postural Stability of Women
2013
Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture and to keep the center of pressure (COP) within the limits of the body’s base of support. It is maintained through the dynamic integration of muscle activity and joint position. The foot, and therefore footwear, also plays a critical role in postural stability. The plantar surface of the foot contains cutaneous mechanoreceptors that detect tactile stimuli and relay this information to the central nervous system. Stimulation of cutaneous mechanoreceptors is believed to improve postural stability and proprioception (an awareness of where one’s limbs are oriented in space). While traditional walking footwear is designed to provide stability and support to the foot, one of the hottest trends in the footwear industry has been “toning” shoes which have an intentionally unstable sole design. This unstable sole design forces the wearer’s body to constantly work to find equilibrium or balance points. The manufacturers claim tha...
Footwear Science, 2012
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